PAPERS  OF   THE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  DELAWARE 

LVI 


The  Journal  and  Order  Book 

of 

Captain  Robert  Kirkwood 

of  the 

Delaware  Regiment  of  the 
Continental  Line 

PART    I 

"A  Journal  of   the    Southern   Campaign  " 

1780-1782 

PART   II 
"An  Order  Book  of  the  Campaign  in  New  Jersey,  1777" 


The  brave,   meritorious,   unrewarded  Kirkwood  " 


EDITED    BY 

REV.  JOSEPH    BROWN   TURNER 


THE    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY    OF    DELAWARE 

WILMINGTON 
1910 


19x0 

Press  of  the  Delawarean 

Dover,  Del. 


■  i  I 

P3$ 


FOREWORD 


"Render,  therefore,  to  all  their  dues; 
Honour  to  whom  honour  is  due." 

So  far  as  Robert  Kirkwood  is  concerned  neither  the  State  of 
Delaware  nor  the  Historical  Society  of  Delaware  has  obeyed 
this  injunction.  One  of  the  most  intrepid  and  fearless  men 
Delaware  has  produced  has  received  little  notice  and  scanty 
praise.  The  MSS.  volumes  containing  his  "Journal"  and  his 
"Order  Book"  have  been  allowed  to  accumulate  dust  on  a  shelf 
of  the  library  of  the  Historical  Society  for  thirty-four  years. 
In  justice  to  a  brave  son  of  the  State  they  are  now  published, 
with  the  following  letter  containing  his  ancestry: 


Bloomington,  Indiana,  July  14,  1876. 
Dr.  Lewis  P.  Bush : 

Dear  Sir — 

When  I  saw  you  in  Newark  a  few  weeks  since  you  re- 
quested me  to  furnish  you  a  statement  of  any  facts  in  my  pos- 
session in  regard  to  the  ancestry  and  early  history  of  Captain 
Robert  Kirkwood.  With  this  request  I  cheerfully  comply, 
although  at  this  distance  of  time  perhaps  little  new  can  be  given 
on  the  subject. 

The  family  from  which  Captain  Kirkwood  was  descended 
removed  from  Scotland  to  the  vicinity  of  Derry  in  the  north  of 


4  THE    JOURNAL    OF 

Ireland  in  the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth  century.  In  1731 
the  captain's  father,  Robert  kirkwood,  then  a  youth  of  perhaps 
18  or  20  years  of  age,  emigrated  to  this  country  in  company 
with  the  widow  and  two  infant  children  of  an  elder  brother, 
William,  then  recently  deceased.  Robert  Kirkwood,  some  years 
after  his  arrival  in  Delaware,  married  a  Miss  Sarah  McDowell, 
a  native  of  England  and  a  member  of  the  religious  society  of 
Friends.  They  lived  on  a  farm  about  two  miles  north  of 
Newark — a  farm  recently  owned  by  Andrew  Gray,  Esq.,  and 
adjacent  to  the  lot  on  which  the  White  Clay  Creek  Presbyte- 
rian church  now  stands.  They  had  nine  children,  eight  of 
whom  were  daughters.  Robert,  the  only  son,  was  born  in 
1756.  Of  his  childhood  nothing  is  now  known  but  the  fact  of 
his  early  manifesting  a  fondness  for  reading  and  study — a  fact 
which  decided  his  father  to  educate  him  for  the  ministry.  He 
was  accordingly  placed  in  the  Newark  Academy  where  he  pur- 
sued his  classical  studies  with  great  diligence  and  success.  On 
the  commencement  of  the  revolutionary  war,  however,  the 
young  student  at  once  abandoned  his  literary  pursuits  and 
promptly  espoused  the  cause  of  his  country. 

You  informed  me  in  conversation  that  the  manuscripts  of 
Captain  Kirkwood  had  been  deposited  in  the  library  of  the 
Delaware  Historical  Society  by  his  grandson,  Gen.  R.  K. 
Whitely.  It  is  therefore  unnecessary  that  I  should  attempt  any 
account  of  his  public  services.  You  are  probably  aware  also 
that  an  interesting  biographical  sketch  of  Captain  K.,  by  P. 
Benson  Delany,  M.D.,  may  be  found  in  Graham's  Magazine 
for  March,  1846. 

Of  the  family  that  came  over  from  Ireland  with  Robert  Kirk- 
wood the  descendants  are  now  very  numerous.  The  widow, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Kirkwood,  some  time  after  their  arrival  in  Dela- 
ware, married  a  Mr.  Gallagher,  then  a  member,   I   think,  of 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  5 

White  Clay  Creek  church.  Her  son,  Robert  Kirkwood,  who 
died  in  Harford  county,  Maryland,  in  18 10,  was  my  grand- 
father. 

With  pleasant  recollections  of  my  former  residence  in  Dela- 
ware, I  remain,  dear  sir, 

Yours  very  truly, 

Daniel  Kirkwood. 


To  the  above  it  may  be  added  that  Capt.  Kirkwood  married 
Sarah,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  England,  Jr.,  of  White  Clay  Creek 
hundred,  who  was,  as  his  mother  had  been,  a  member  of  the 
Society  of  Friends.  His  father  was  for  many  years  a  Ruling 
Elder  in  the  White  Clay  Creek  Presbyterian  Church.  At  the 
very  beginning  of  the  Revolution  Robert  Kirkwood,  Jr.,  was 
commissioned,  January  17,  1776,  First  Lieutenant  of  Capt. 
Darby's  Company,  Colonel  Hazlet's  Regiment.  He  received 
his  commission  as  Captain,  December  1,  1776,  and  was  trans- 
ferred to  Colonel  Hall's  regiment  as  second  Ranking  Captain, 
and  served  to  the  end  of  the  war  as  Senior  Captain  in  com- 
mand of  the  Delaware  Battalion.  He  was  brevetted  Major, 
Sept.  30,  1783.  The  State  of  Virginia  alone  recognized  and 
rewarded  his  services.  In  1787  he  received  from  Virginia  a 
grant  of  2000  acres  of  land  in  the  North  West  Territory,  in 
what  is  now  Southeastern  Ohio.  His  land  was  probably  in 
Belmont  Co.,  whither  he  removed  soon  after  the  grant  was 
made.  He  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  "the  North  West 
Territory"  in  1790,  and  a  carefully  written  copy  of  the  laws 
promulgated  by  Gen.  Arthur  St.  Clair  is  found  in  the  back  of 
his  journal,  together  with  some  interesting  items  from  his 
docket.  On  the  4th  of  March,  1791,  Kirkwood  was  commis- 
sioned  Captain   in  the  Second  Regiment   U   S.   Infantry,   and 


6  CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD 

marched  under  General  St.  Clair  in  his  unfortunate  expedition 
against  the  Indians.  In  the  battle  near  Fort  Recovery, — his 
thirty-third  engagement, — he  refused  to  retreat  with  the  de- 
feated army,  and  died  with  his  face  to  the  foe  on  the  4th  of 
November,  1791,  at  the  age  of  forty-five. 
Captain  Kirkwood  left  two  children: 

1.  A  son,  Joseph  Kirkwood,  who  removed  with  his  father  to 
the  Ohio  Territory.  His  children  as  late  as  1875  were  still  in 
possession  of  the  lands  granted  to  their  grandfather  in   1787. 

2.  A  daughter,  Mary,  who  married  Arthur  Whitely,  of 
Dorchester  Co.,  Md.,  and  was  the  mother  of  General  R.  H.  K. 
Whitely,  by  whom  the  Historical  Society  was  made  custodian 
of  these  valuable  MSS. 

Joseph  Browx  Turner. 

Dover,  Delaware, 
December  6,  19 jo. 


Part  I 
JOURNAL 

of  the 

Marches  of  the  Delaware  Regiment 

of  the 

Continental  Line 

in  the 

Southern   Campaign 
1780-1782 

Kept    by 

Captain   Robert  Kirkwood 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD 


Journal  of  Marches  from  Morristown, 
East  Jersey,  Southerly 


When 


Year    1780 


Miles 


April 
13th. 


May 

8th. 


30th. 

31st. 

June 

1st. 

2nd. 

3rd. 

4th. 


6th. 
7th. 


I  left  Morristown  four  days  before  the  Maryland  and 
Delaware  Line,  and  arrived  at  Newark,  in  the  Dela- 
ware State 

From  thence  went  to  Lewes  town,  and  returned  back 
to   Newark 

Set  sail  from  the  Head  of  Elk,  in  Compy  with  50  sail 
of  vessels,  being  the  Second  brigade  in  the  Maryland 
Line,  Destin'd  for  Petersburgh,  Virginia,  at  which 
Port  the  vessel  I  was  in  arrived  the  23  Inst 

Decamped  from  Petersburgh,  and  marched  to  Rockaway 
Court  House 

Marched  to  Jones's  Bridge,  and  Encamped 

Marched  to  Commissarys  Lambs,  Brunswick  County.  .  . 

Marched  to  Short's  Ordinary 

Marched  to  Stony  Creek 

Marched  to  Roanoke  which  we  crossed  at  Taylor's 
Ferry  and  lay  upon  its  Bank,  (this  river  is  about  350 
miles   long) 

Marched  into  Granvill  County,  North  Carolina 

Marched  this  day  to  Genl.  Parsons 


120 


260 


350 

15 

17 

15 
16 
18 


8 
18 
10 

847 


10 


THE   JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year    1780 


Miles 


June 
21st. 

22nd. 
30th. 
July 
1st. 
2nd. 
5th. 
1 8th. 
19th. 
25th. 

27. 

28. 
29. 
Augst. 
1st. 

2nd. 
3rd. 

4th. 
6th. 

8th. 
10th. 
nth. 


Marched    from   Genl.    Parsons,   and   encamped   on   the 

South  Side  of  Flat  River 

Marched  this  Day  to  Hilsborough 

Marched  and  crossed  Haw  River 

Marched  and  lay  in  the  woods 

This  day  marched  to  Chatham  Courthouse 

Marched  this  day  to  Deep  River  which  we  crossed.  .  .  . 

Marched  to  Wilcoxes  Iron  Works 

Marched  to  Hollinsworth's  Farm  on  Deep  River 

This  Day  the  Honble.  Majr.  Genl.  Gates  arrived  and 

took  Command  of  all  the  Southern  Troops. 
Marched   this  day  to   Spinks  Farm   Randolph   County, 

No.    Carolina 

Marched  this  day  to  Cottons  Farm 

Marched  to  Smiths  Mill,  on  little  River 

Marched  to  the  River  Pee  Dee  and  crossed  at  Masseys 
Ferry,  incamped  on  Ingram  Farm,  Hanson  County. . 

Marched  this  Day  to  Mays  Mill 

Marched  to  Thompsons  Creek.  The  line  at  this  place 
divides  North  &  South  Carolina 

Marched  this  day  near  Hendersons  Cross  roads 

Marched  and  encamped  in  the  pines,  received  Informa- 
tion that  the  Enemy  was  advancing 

Marched  to  Big  Linches  Creek 

Marched  and  encamped  in  the  Pines 

Marched  to  Little  Linches  Creek  to  gain  the  Enemys 
right 


847 

20 
15 
15 

6 
18 

12 
18 


18 
18 
18 


10 
18 

18 

17 

5 
16 

7 

16 
1 1 14 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRK  WOOD 


1 1 


Year    1780 


Miles 


Marched  this  Day  and  lay  on  our  arms  all  Night.  .  .  . 

Marched  to  Ridgleys  Mill 

Marched  this  Night  at  10  OCloclc 

About  one  in  the  morning  met  with  the  British  Army  at 
Black  Swamp  and  Drove  in  their  Advance  Guards 
we  then  Halted  and  formed  the  line  of  battle  the  2nd 
Brigd.  on  the  Right  the  first  in  the  Center,  and  the 
Militia  on  the  left,  and  Lay  on  our  arms  untill  Break 
of  Day  when  the  British  advanced  and  attacked  our 
Left  Flank  where  the  Militia  Lay,  who  gave  way 
which  gave  the  enemy's  horse  an  opportunity  to  gain 
our  Rear,  their  Infantry  at  the  same  time  gaining  our 
Flank,  and  their  Line  advancing  in  our  front  which 
Caused  the  Action  to  become  very  Desparate;  which 
continued  for  the  space  of  half  an  hour.  In  this 
Action  Lt.  Col.  Vaughan,  Major  Patten,  six  officers 
and  Seventy  Rank  and  file  of  our  Regt.  were  taken 
Prisoners,  with  all  the  Cannon  and  Baggage  of  the 
Army — I  can  give  no  account  of  our  Marches  on  the 
Retreat  untill  we  came  to  Sallisbury  which  we  arrived 
at  on  the  21st 

Marched  and  crossed  the  Yadkin  River 

From  thence  we  marched  to  Guilford  Courthouse 

And  from  thence  to  Hilsborough 

This  Day  three  Companies  of  Light  Infantry  were 
Chosen,  one  under  the  Command  of  Capt.  Bruen 
from  Virginia,  Second  by  Capt.  Kirkwood,  &  the 
third  by  Capt.  Brooks  the  Whole  Under  the  Com- 
mand of  Col.  Morgan. 


1 1 14 

6 

16 

6 


123 

7 
50 

45 


1367 


12 


THE   JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year    1780 


Octbi 


1 8th. 
19th. 

2 1  St. 

22nd. 

25th. 


Nov. 
4- 


gth. 
22nd. 

27. 

28th. 


Began  our  march  from  Hilsborough  under  Command  of 
Col.  Morgan,  and  arrived  at  Salsbury  the  15th  Inst. 

Marched  this  Day  to  Col.  Locks  Farm 

Marched  to  Fifers  Mills 

Marched  about  two  below  Esq.,  Alexander's 

Marched  to  Six  mile  run  there  joined  the  No.  Carolina 
Militia  under  Command  of  Genl.  Davidson 

Moved  our  Encampment  in  Front  of  the  Militia  this 
Neighbourhood  is  Called  New  Providence  and  within 
14  Miles  of  Charlotte.  While  we  Lay  at  this  place 
Col  Morgan  Received  his  Commission  of  Brigadier 
Genl.   From  Congress. 

This  Day  Genl  Morgan's  Infantry  with  Col.  Washing- 
tons  Horse,  marched  Down  to  Ridgely's  Mill,  within 
13  miles  of  Cambden ;   reconoitre  the  Enemy. 

Returned  again  to  camp 

This  Day  the  Maryland  Division  arrived  at  Camp. 

This  Day  the  troops  under  Command  of  Genl.  Gates 
Marched  to  Charlotte,  where  they  built  Hutts 

This  Day  had  orders  to  hold  our  selves  in  readiness  in 
a  moments  warning  to  March.  Accordingly  left  our 
tents  standing  with  all  our  sick  behind  and  marched 
to  twelve  mile  Creek,  which  at  this  place  Divides 
No  &  So.  Carolina;  &  from  thence  to  the  Hanging 
Rock,  the  Infantry  remained  at  this  place  untill  Col. 
Washington  went  down  to  Col.  Ridgely's,  and  with 
the  Deception  of  a  pine  knot  took  the  garrisons 


1367 

95 

5 

15 

23 

16 


100 


1 62 1 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRK  WOOD 


13 


Year   1780  &   1 


Miles 


Consisting  of  one  Col.  one  Majr.  and  107  privates: — 
from  thence  returned  to  Camp,  December  the  second 


This   Day   Maj.   Genl.   Green   took   command   of 
Southern  Army  in  room  of  Maj.  Genl.  Gates. 

March'd  to  Charlotte    

March'd  to  Biggon  Ferry  on  Catawba  River 

Crossed  the  Ferry  and  March'd 

March'd 

March'd 

March'd  to  Pacolet 


tin 


March'd 

March'd  to  the  Cowpens 

Defeated  Tarlton. 

March'd  for  the  Catawba  River  and  arrived  the  23rd. 

March'd  to  Col.  Locke 

Marched  and  crossed  the  Yadkin  River 

March'd  this  Night 

March'd  this  Day 

March'd  to  Guilford 

March'd  this  Night 

Crossed  the  Dan  River  at  Ewings  Ferry 

March'd  and  crossed  the  Banisster  River 

March'd  and  Recrossed 

Crossed  the  Dan  River 

Marched    

Marched  to  Dobbins 

March'd    

March'd    

March'd  to  Hilsborough  and  Returned;  in  all 


We  came  up  with  the  Enemy  at  the  Allamance. 


1 62 1 


100 


13 
15 

5 
16 

13 
8 


10 
12 

100 

30 
12 

13 
16 
18 

5 
80 

7 
6 

9 
5 

12 
12 
12 
21 

60 
1233 


14 


THE   JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year   1781 


March 
5th. 


6th. 
7th. 


8th. 
9th. 


10th. 


nth. 
1 2th. 

13th. 
14th. 
15th. 


Marched  this  Night  to  the  old  Regulation  ground  and 
attack'd  the  advanc'd  picquet.  Brought  off  one  of 
their  Centinells  &  returned  to  Camp  by  morning.  .  . 

This  Day  we  arrived  near  the  South  Branch  of  Haw 
River   

This  Day  the  Enemy  made  a  movement  and  were  within 
a  mile  of  our  Camp  before  they  were  Discovered. 
We  Crossed  the  South  branch  of  Haw  River  Leaving 
a  Party  of  militia  on  the  other  Side  to  oppose  the 
Enemy;  A  brisk  fire  Shortly  commenced  in  which  the 
militia  were  obliged  to  give  way. 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  this  Day  to  Troublesome  Creek 

Marched  this  Day  &  encamped  on  the  Ground  where 
the  British  Lay,  having  crossed  Troublesome  &  Haw 
River   

This  Day  my  Company  &  one  from  Virginia  were  or- 
dered to  remain  with  Col.  Washington  to  Act  as  a 
Legion.  The  rest  of  the  Infantry  joined  their  re- 
spective Regiments,  marched 

Marched  this  Day  towards  Guilford  Courthouse 

Col.  Lee's  Light  Horse  took  30  prisoners  and  brought 
them  to  the  Gen'l  on  our  march 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  within  3  miles  West  of  G.  Court  house 

This  day  commenced  the  Action  at  Guilford  Court 
House  between  Genls.  Green  &  Cornwallis,  in  which 
many  were  Killed  &  wounded  on  both  sides,  Genl. 
Green  Drew  off  his  Army  with  the  loss  of  his  artil- 
lery. 

Marched  this  Day 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


15 


When. 


Year   1781 


Miles 


March 
1 6th. 

19th. 
20th. 

2 1  St. 
22nd. 
23rd. 
24th. 
25th. 


26th. 
27th. 
28th. 


29th. 

30th. 

31st. 

April 

1st. 

3rd. 

7th. 

8th. 

9th. 


Marched  to  James  Saunders  Farm,  near  to  the  Iron 
works  where  our  Army  Lay,  on  Troublesome  Creek 

Marched  to  Simmons's  Farm 

Marched  this  Day  about 

Marched  towards  Deep  River 

Marched  near  the  Little  Allamance  River 

Marched   

Do   

This  Day  was  Executed  by  hanging  a  Certain  Solomon 
Slocum  being  a  Spy  from  the  Enemy  Likewise  a  De- 
serter from  the  2nd.  M.  Regt. 

Marched    

Marched  to  Brooks  Farm,  near  Wilcoxs  Iron  works.  . 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  and  Crossed  Deep  River  at  Ramseys  Mill,  on 
the  bridge  the  British  made  for  themselves.  This 
Day  we  expected  a  Genl.  Action  to  have  commenced 
but  his  Lordship  thought  it  most  prudent  to  decline 
it,  by  a  speedy  march  to  Cross  Creek 

Marched    

Marched  towards  the  Gulph  Mill  on  Deep  River 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched    

Marched  up  the  River 

Marched  towards  the  Buffaloe  Ford  and  encamped  on 

Brush  Creek 

Marched  to  Spinks  Farm 

Marched  to  Cottons  Farm 


2360 

3 

6 

7 
21 

5 
4 
7 


17 
10 
10 


14 
3 
4 

14 

3 
9 

18 
16 
15 

2546 


i6 


THE   JOURNAL    OF 


When. 


Year   1781 


Miles 


April 
ioth.      Marched  &  Crossed  Little  River  about  2  miles 
nth.     This  day  Crossed  the  River  Pee  Dee  at  Colston's  Ferry 
13th.     This  day  Crossed  Rocky  River 
14th.     Marched  Near  Mays  Saw  Mill 

15  Marched  this  day  about 

16  This  Day  marched  near  Andersons  Cross  Roads 
17th.     Marched  to  Big  Lynches  Creek 
1 8th.     Marched  to  Little  Lynches  Creek 
19  Marched  within  4  miles  of  Camden,  took  Eleven  of  the 

Enemy  prisoners 

This  evening  Genl.  Green  gave  me  orders  if  possible  to 
take  possession  of  Logtown,  which  was  in  full  view 
of  Camden  &  if  I  could  take  it,  to  mentain  it  untill 
further  orders,  Leaving  Camp  about  8  at  night, 
arrived  before  the  town  between  9  &  10  and  about 
12  OClock  got  full  possession  of  the  place,  A  scatter- 
ing firing  was  kept  up  all  night,  And  at  sun  rise  next 
morning,  had  a  smart  schirmage,  Beat  in  the  Enemy, 
About  two  hours  afterwards  had  the  Very  agreeable 

Sight  of  the  advance  of  the  Army 

20th.  This  day  Col.  Washington  with  my  Infantry  went 
Westerly  round  Camden,  Burnt  a  House  in  one  of 
the  Enemys  Redoubts  on  the  Wateree  River;  took 
40  horses  &  50  Head  of  cattle  &  returned  to  Camp 


254^ 

2C 
15 

3 

18 
2 

17 
16 
12 

15 


2671 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


17 


Year   1781 


Mil 


es 


Moved  Southerly  Round  the  town 

Marched  back  to  our  old  ground 

The  enemy  sallyed  out  and  drove  us  back 

Marched  to  Ridgley's  Mill 

Marched  this  Night 

Moved  our  Encampment 

This  day  there  was  five  Desserters  Hanged  that  was 
taken  in  the  Action  of  the  25th  of  April. 

Marched  and  crossed  the  Wateree 

March'd  to  the  Ferry  and  took  the  Redoubt,  and  burn'd 
the  Block  House  on  the  South  side  of  the  Wateree, 
then  Return'd  to  the  Army  at  the  25  mile  Creek.  .  .  . 

Marched  this  day 

The  Enemy  moved  over  the  River  and  was  within  two 
miles  of  us  before  we  knew  of  them  being  out  when 
our  Vadet  Came  in  and  inform'd  us.  We  then  Drew 
up  in  order  of  battle  and  lay  their  in  Sight  of  other 
untill  Evening  when  both  Armys  Drew  off  and  we 
marched 

At  Night  was  sent  out  with  a  party  of  the  Horse  to 
Surprise  a  party  of  Tories  and  Marched  18  miles,  but 
not  Coming  up  with,  we  altered  our  Rout  and 
March'd  for  Camden  hearing  that  it  was  Evacuated, 
and  Reached  there  the  next  Day  being  in  all 

March'd  to  Mr.  Randels  Mill 

March'd  to  Mr.  Westons 

March'd  this  day 

March'd  this  day 

Marched  and  Crossed  the  Broad  River 


2671 

10 

6 

7 

10 
6 

1 


1 1 


16 
9 


29 
12 
18 
18 
6 
15 

2849 


i8 


THE    JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year   1781 


Miles 


May 
19th. 


20th. 
2 1  St. 


22nd. 


This  day  was  executed  three  Deserters  from  our  Army, 
who  were  taken  at  Fort  Granby  near  Fridays  Ferry, 
on  the  Congree.     Marched 

Marched  this  Day 

Was  ordered  with  Col.  Washington's  Horse  to  Surprise 
a  party  of  tories  under  command  of  Col.  Young; 
Coming  up  to  the  place  found  it  evacuated,  the  Horse 
left  me,  with  expectation  to  Come  up  with  them, 
while  I  moved  on  at  Leisure.  The  Tories  taking  us 
for  some  of  them  selves  come  out  of  a  Swamp  in  our 
Rear,  &  being  undeceived  took  one  of  my  men  pris- 
oners; upon  which  A  firing  Commenced,  but  they  be- 
ing on  horse  back  pushed  off  with  the  Loss  of  one 
man  Killed  &  one  Horse  taken,  A  Short  time  After- 
wards the  Horse  joined  me,  and  before  Dark  killed 
4  more  taking  6  Prisoners;   Marched   this  Day.... 

This  Day  Crossed  the  River  Saluda.  Surprised  a  party 
of  Tories  within  sight  of  Ninety  Six,  Killed  four, 
Spent  the  Day  in  reconoitering  the  Garrisson,  which 
was  commanded  by  Col.  Cruger.     Marched 

At  Night  were  employed  in  raising  a  three  Gun  Bat- 
tery, about  130  yards  from  their  works  and  under  a 
Scatering  Fire  from  the  Enemy  all  night. 


2849 


25 

17 


23 


2923 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


19 


When 


Year   1781 


Miles 


May 

24 

26th. 


June 
5th. 


1 8th. 


20th. 


This  Day  opened  our  first  Battery  on  the  Enemys  Star 

Redoubt. 
Received  express  from  Col.  Lee  that  he  had  taken  two 

redoubts  at  Augusta  in  Georgia;  making  70  of  them 

prisoners  &  Killed  about  40;  taking  a  Quantity  of 

stores,  Rum  etc. 

This  Day  Augusta  was  Captured  by  Col.  Lee  making 
all  the  Garrison  prisoners  of  war  consisting  of  165 
British  &  the  like  Number  of  Tories,  the  whole  being 
under  the  Command  of  Col.  Brown. 

This  Day  the  Garrison  of  96  was  attacked  on  two 
Quarters  Viz: — the  Star  Redoubt  by  the  main  army, 
and  Homes's  by  Col.  Lee's  Infantry,  with  mine,  with 
the  assistance  of  three  6  pounders  Commanded  by  Col. 
Harrison.  Our  Redoubt  held  out  about  an  hour, 
then  left  it  in  our  full  possession ;  the  other  being  so 
verry  strong,  &  the  officers  who  commanded  in  their 
Ditch  being  wounded  with  the  greatest  part  of  the 
men  Killed  and  wounded,  were  obliged  to  give  over 
the  attempt. 

Raised  the  siege  from  Ninety  Six;  Lord  Rodden  being 
within  25  miles  of  us,  with  2000  men  this  Day 
Marched  towards  Charlotte 


2923 


14 


2937 


20 


THE    JOI'RNAL    OF 


Year    1781 


Miles 


June 

25th.  | 

22nd. 

23rd. 

24th. 

25th. 

26th. 

28th. 

29th. 

30th. 

July 

I  St. 

2nd. 
3rd. 
4th. 
5th. 

6th. 
7th. 

8th. 

9th. 

10th. 

nth. 
1 2th. 


13th. 
14th. 


Marched  this  Day 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  this  Night  and  Crossed  the  Innoree  River.  .  . 
Marched  this  Day  Crossed  the  Tiger  and  Broad  River 

Recrossed  the  Broad  River  and  Marched 

Marched  this  Day  to  the  Tiger  River 

Marched  and  Crossed  the  Inoree  River 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  this  Day  and  Cross'd  the  Broad  River 

Marched  this  Day  and  encamped  at  Capt.  Howells... 

Marched  this  Day 

Marched  this  Day  and  Cross'd  the  Congree  at  Mc. 
Cord's  Ferry 

Marched  this  Day  down  the  Santee  River 

Marched  this  day  and  Cross'd  the  Congaree  and  was 
ordered  back  towards  Orangebourgh 

Marched  this  Day  and  encamped  at  Doughey's  Farm.  . 

Marched  this  Day  to  Col.   Middleton 

Marched  this  day  and  join'd  the  Army  at  Beaver 
Creek 

Marched  this  day  towards  Orangebourgh 

Marched  to  the  Enemys  Lines,  and  within  4  miles  of 
Orangeburgh  sent  out  parties  to  draw  them  out;  but 
all  to  no  purpose,  Col.  Cruger  being  within  one  days 
march  of  Lord  Rodden,  Genl.  Green  thought  it  pru- 
dent to  withdraw  his  army,  and  march  towards  Mc- 
Cords  Ferry 

Marched  this  day  near  Brown's  Mill 

This  day  Crossed  the  Congaree  River  at  McCords 
Ferry  &  encamped  on  Mr.  Simmons  Farm  7  miles 
from   ye  River 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


21 


Year   1781 


Miles 


Marched  with  Col.  Washington's  Cavelry  to  the  Fork 
of  Wateree  &  Congaree  Rivers  encamped  on  Mr. 
Dawson's  Farm  (very  sickly  place) 

Marched  to  McCords  Ferry  on  ye  Congaree 

Marched  to  Mr.  Lightwood's  Farm,  up  ye  Congaree.  . 

This  day  the  Enemy's  Horse  took  possession  of  Mc- 
Cord's  Ferry  with  one  Large  Boat  and  Negro,  on  the 
News  of  which  our  Horse,  and  foot,  marched  down 
to  the  Ferry,  and  remained  there  untill  Evening;  and 
marched  back  to  the  ground  we  left  in  the  morning.  . 

Marched  crossed  the  Wateree,  encamped  on  Lambert's 
Farm    

Marched  and  encamped  on  Mr.  Yore's  Farm 

Marched  and  encamped  on  Capt.  Ritcheson's  Farm .... 

Marched  this  morning  towards  Camden  up  the  river.  . 

Marched  this  day  to  Camden 

Crossed  the  Wateree  River  passed  the  Army  and  Halted 
at  Colonel's  Creek 

This  Day  arrived  at  Capt.  Howells  on  ye  Congaree .  .  . 

This  day  joined  Col.  Washington's  Horse 

At  Mr.  Culpepers  on  ye  Bank  of  the  River ;  about 
Evening  were  informed  the  Enemy  this  morning  left 
Col.  Thompson's  on  their  way  towards  Charles  Town. 

Marched  to  Howell's  Ferry  on  the  River  where  the 
Army  had  crossed.  This  Day  the  Genl.  received  in- 
formation the  Enemy  had  marched  from  the  Center 
Swamp  on  their  rout  for  Town,  which  Occasioned 
the  Horse  and  my  Infantry  to  return  to  the  place  we 
left  in  the  morning 


3268 


12 

13 

4 

8 

20 

18 

18 
18 

5 


12 


34ii 


22 


77//.    JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year    1781 


Miles 


Sept. 
4th. 

5th. 

6th. 
7  th. 


8th. 


Crossed  the  Congree  River  at  Culpeper's  Ferry,  and 
Encamped  on  Mr.  Johnstown's  Farm 

Marched  and  Encamped  with  the  main  Army  at  Ever- 
ett's Creek  6  miles  Below  Col.  Thompson's 

Marched  to  Midway  Swamp 

Marched  this  Day  within  seven  miles  of  the  Eutaw 
Springs,  where  Lay  Col.  Stewart  with  the  British 
Army  Consisting  of  2,000  men 

This  morning  our  Army  was  in  motion  before  Day- 
break, with  a  determination  of  Fighting  the  British 
Army. 

We  marched  in  the  following  order  of  Battle  Viz.  The 
South  &  North  Carolina  Militia  in  front,  Com- 
manded by  Genls.  Marion  &  Pickens,  having  Col. 
Lees  horse,  &  Infantry  on  their  right  Flank,  and  the 
State  Horse,  and  mounted  Infantry  on  their  left. 
The  Second  line  was  Composed  of  North  Carolina 
regulars,  Virginians,  &  Marylandcrs,  having  two  three 
Pounders,  between  the  N.  Carolinians,  &  Virginians, 
and  two  six  Pounders,  between  the  Virginians  & 
Marylanders.  Col.  Washington's  Horse,  with  my 
Infantry  were  the  Corps  De  Reserve  In  this  order 
we  marched  Down  to  Action,  Coming  within  3  miles 
of  the  Enemy's 


341 1 
15 

14 

6 

20 


3466 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


23 


When 


Year   1781 


Miles 


Sept. 
8th. 


Encampment,  we  overtook  a  Rooting  Party  of  60  men 
Coming  in  with  Potatoes,  most  of  whom  were  either 
Killed,  wounded  or  taken.  We  met  with  no  further 
opposition,  untill  we  arrived  within  one  mile  of  their 
Encampment,  where  we  met  their  front  line,  which 
soon  brought  the  Action  general,  we  Drove  their  first, 
and  Second  Lines,  took  upwards  of  500  prisoners. 
The  Enemy  took  shelter  in  a  large  Brick  House,  and 
a  hollowway  in  rear  of  the  House.  At  this  time  our 
men  were  so  far  spent  for  want  of  water,  and  our 
Continental  Officers  suffering  much  in  the  Action, 
rendered  it  advisable  to  Genl.  Green  to  Draw  off  his 
Army,  with  the  Loss  of  two  6  pounders,  Majr.  Ed- 
mund of  the  Virginians,  with  a  Small  party  of  men 
joined  me  in  the  British  Encampment,  keeping  up  the 
fire  for  A  small  space  of  time.  Found  our  Army  had 
withdrawn  from  the  Field,  made  it  necessary  for  us 
Likewise  to  withdrawn.  We  brought  off  one  of  the 
Enemys  three  Pounders,  which  with  much  difficulty 
was  performed  through  a  thick  wood  for  near  four 
miles,  without  the  assistance  of  but  one  Horse,  We 
got  to  the  Encamping  Ground  which  we  left  in  the 
morning  about  two  in  the  evening 


3466 


14 


3480 


24 


THE   JOURNAL    OF 


Return  of   Killed,   Wounded  &  Missing  in   the  Action   of 
the  8th.  Sept'r.  at  the  Eutaw  Springs. 


Continental 

Killed    

Wounded    

.Missing    

Total    

South    Carolina 
State    Troops 

Killed    

Wounded     

Missing    

Total   

South    Carolina 
Militia 

Killed    

Wounded     

Total    

N.    C.   Militia 

Killed    

Wounded    

Missing    


Total  in  the  Army 


|Lt.Col.|  Majr.  I  Capts.  I  Lieuts.  Serjts.  IR&file 


6 

7 

13 


4 
23 


31 


4 
24 

I 
29 


4 

7 

ii 


40 


94 
202 

3i 
327 


6 
26 

32 


24 

26 


6 

31 
8 

45 

430 

430 

40 

3i 

18 

1 

5 


Total  525 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


25 


When 


Year   1781 


Miles 


Sept. 
10th. 


1 2th. 
13th. 
14th. 


15th. 
1 6th. 

17th. 


19th. 


27th. 


Octbr. 
5th. 
6th. 
9th. 


Received  information  that  the  Enemy  had  left  the 
Eutaw  Springs  the  Evening  before,  on  the  Road  to 
Monks  Corner,  the  Genl.  persued  them  to  Mr.  Mar- 
tins, within  12  miles  of  the  Corner 

Return'd  as  far  back  as  Whistleing  George's 

Marched  to  the  Widow  Floods,  on  ye  Santee  River.  . 

Marched  with  the  Army  to  the  road  leading  to  Law- 
rence's Ferry  on  the  Santee,  and  Separated  from 
them;  they  being  bound  for  the  High  hills  of  Santee, 
and  we  for  the  Congaree  Encamped  on  Mr.  Cald- 
wells  Farm  at  the  half  way  Swamp 

Marched  up  the  Congaree  to  Mr.  Kelly's  Farm 

Marched  to  Mr.  Patrick's  Farm 

Crossed  the  Congaree  at  Mr.  Patricks  &  marched  up  to 
Mr.  Culpepers  and  from  thence  to  Col.  Gooden's 
Farm    

Marched  this  morning  a  little  after  sun  rise  joined  Col. 
Washingtons  Horse,  &  Encamped  one  mile  below 
them  on   Mr.   Pierce's  Farm 

Went  to  Head  Quarters  (on  the  High  Hills  of  Santee) 
for  Docts.  Medecine  for  my  men. 

And  returned  the  30th,  Inst 

Took  the  Ague  and  fever. 

Marched  to  Mr.  Simmons  Farm  on  the  Wateree 

By  invitation  from  Mr.  Danl.  Huger,  went  in  Compy 
with  Lnt.  Vaughen  to  his  house 


3480 


20 
6 


19 
20 

13 


10 


11 


40 


10 


3649 


26 


THE    JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year    1781 


Miles 


Octbr. 
27th. 


Novembr. 
5th. 

6th. 

7  th. 

8th. 

1 8th. 

19th. 
20th. 

2 1  St. 
22nd. 


27th. 
28th. 
29th. 
Dec. 
1st. 
3rd. 


Received  Intilligence  of  the  Surrender  of  Lord  Corn- 
vvallaces  whole  Army  to  this  Excellency  Genl.  Wash- 
ington In  York  Town  Virginia  on  the  17th  Inst. 

Left  Mr.  Huger's  and  returned  to  Camp  at  Simons's 
Farm    

This  morning  began  our  march  for  Col.  Goodens  Mill 
on  the  Congaree  river,  Halted  on  Mr.  Pierce's  Farm 

Marched  this  Day  to  New  Market 

Marched  this  Day  to  Col.  Goodens  Mill 

Marched  for  Head  Quarters  which  was  at  the  High 
Hills  of  Santee,  got  this  night  to  Mr.  Danl.  Hugier's 

Crossed  Wateree  river  arrived  at  Head  Quarters 

Drew  Cloathing  for  my  men,  and  returned  back  to  Mr. 
Hugier's 

Returned  to  Col.  Gooden's  Mill 

This  day  was  ordered  to  March  by  the  way  of  Howell's 
Ferry  to  Col.  Thompsons  and  there  to  join  the  Army, 
the  troops  moved,  But  I  went  to  Capt.  Howells  hav- 
ing the  Ague  &  Fever  where  I  staid  untill  the  27th, 
Inst,  being  better,  I  set  out  for  Col.  Thompson's 
where  I  arrived  this  Night 

Marched  with  the  Army  to  Brown's  Mill 

Marched  this  day  to  Orangeburgh 

Marched  this  day  to  Youngs  Farm 

Marched  this  day  to  4  hole  bridge  on  4  hole  Creek.  .  . 


3649 


12 
8 
8 

130 
10 

10 
30 


30 
10 
16 

14 

26 

3859 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


27 


Year   1781  &  2 


Miles 


This  Day  arrived  (at  the  4  hole  Bridge  to  relieve  me) 
Capt.  Moore  of  the  S.  Carolina  State  troops  with  60 
rank  &  file. 

Marched  this  day  to  Mr.  Rumps 

Marched  this  day  to  Fergussons  Saw  Mills  on  the 
River   Edisto 

This  day  we  arrived  at  Camp  at  Round  O 

This  day  I  received  orders  to  mount  in  Company  with 
the  Virginians  near  Stono,  on  Edisto  river,  and  to  be 
under  the  Command  of  Col.  Lawrence.  Accordingly 
crossed  Edisto  river  at  Parker's  Ferry  14  miles  from 
the  Round  O,  and  encamped  three  miles  on  the  South 
side  on  Capt.  Sanders  Farm 

March  about  two  miles  below  Sandy  Hill  and  encamped 
on  Mr.  Fergusson's  Land 

I  went  this  day  up  to  Head  Quarters  and  got  Liberty 

to  retire  to  the  Delaware  State  on  Furlough 

Returned  again  to  Camp  which  was  moved  to  Spring 

Garden 

This  day  began  my  march  for  the  Delaware  and  got  to 

the  round  O 

Left  the  round  O  and  two  hours  before  day  arrived  at 

Orangeburgh 

Crossed  the  Congree  River  &  staid  all  night  at  Mrs. 

Weston's   

This  day  got  to  Mr.  Randle's  Mill 

Lay  at  Camden  this  Evening 

Lay  within  6  miles  of  the  Hanging  Rock 

Lay  this  Night  at  Majr.  Crawfords  in  the  Waxaws.  . 
Lay  this  Night  at  Mr.  Robt.  Phillips's  within  2  miles 

of  Charlotte 

Got  to  Hezekiah  Alexanders,  Esqr 

Staid  at  Mr.  Pattens  near  Fifers 

Arrived  at  Salsbury 


3859 


2 
10 


17 
6 

23 

25 

25 

50 

33 
18 

9 
20 
30 

30 

4 
18 
22 

4219 


28 


THE   JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year   1782 


Miles 


January 

17th. 


Febry. 
26th. 

March 
3rd. 


4th. 
1  ith. 


1 2th. 
13th. 


Left  Salsbury  &  on  the  19th  Inst.  Arrived  at  Guilford 
Court  house 

From  thence  went  to  the  Revd.  Mr.  Caldwell's  and 
from  thence  to  Mr.  Robt.  Rankin's  and  from  thence 
to  Mr.  Alexander  Gray's 

Arrived  at  Mr.  Robt.  Gray's  12  miles  N.  E.  of  Hils- 
borough   

Returned  to  Mr.  Alexander  Gray's  in  Company  with 
two  of  Mr.  Robt.  Gray's  Daughters — And  returned 
the  third  of  March 

I  had  the  very  agreeable  sight  of  Lt.  Anderson  and  Ens. 
Piatt  at  my  Quarters. 

Left  Mr.  Gray's  in  Compy  with  Capt.  Jaquett,  Lts. 
Campbell,  Anderson,  Ens.  Piatt,  and  Doctr.  Hartley 
(from  South  Carolina)  remained  all  night  at  Genl. 
Parson's — Granville  County 

Lay  this  night  at  Robt.  Gillispes 

The  next  morning  Crossed  the  Roanoke  Stoped  at  Mr. 
Deloanes,  who  is  termed  a  Col.  in  that  County,  &  no 
doubt  thinks  himself  a  Gentleman,  but  shall  leave  the 
readers  to  Judge  whether  or  not,  When  they  are  in- 
formed by  this  that  after  Genl.  Sinclier  had  remained 
at  his  House  one  night,  the  next  morning  had  to  pay 
three  guineas,  after  being  invited  there. 


4219 

54 

3 
3 


45 


90 


20 
29 


4401 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD 


29 


Wh( 


Year   1782 


Miles 


March 
14th. 
15  th. 
1 6th. 
17th. 


1 8th. 


In  a  few  Weeks  afterwards  Col.  O.  H.  Williams  called 
at  the  same  house,  but  could  not  get  Quarters.  And 
some  days  afterwards  I  called  there  not  knowing  his 
Character,  shared  the  same  fate  with  those  before  me, 
and  indeed  he  turned  my  waggon  off  the  Plantation 
without  my  knowledge,  I  requested  only  the  floor  to 
lay  on  which  was  refused  me,  &  rather  than  Quarrel 
with  one  of  the  first  rank  in  the  famous  State  of  Vir- 
ginia, chose  to  Lay  in  the  Woods.     Marched  this  day 

Marched  this  day  to  Commissary  Lambs 

Marched  this  day  to  Denwidie  Court  house 

Marched  to  Petersburgh  and  Stayed  at  Mrs.  Spencers 

Capt.  Jaquett,  Doctr.  Hartley,  and  the  Waggon  went 
round  by  land. 

Lts.  Campbell,  Anderson,  &  Piatt  with  myself  went  on 
Board  a  Vessel  at  the  Broad  Way,  Bound  to  the 
Head  of  Elk. 

Weighed  Anchor  about  one  OClock  &  on  the  25th  put 
into  Pianketanck,  which  is  210  miles  from  Peters- 
burgh   

And  in  this  place  our  Vessel  was  taken  by  a  small  Ves- 
sel from  New  York  called  "Hook-in-Sneevy." 


4401 


25 

30 
25 
18 


210 


4709 


30 


Till.    JOURNAL    OF 


When 


Year   1782 


Miles 


27th. 


28th. 


April 
1st. 


2nd. 
3rd. 
4th. 
5th. 
7th. 


We  made  our  escape  by  a  small  Boat  and  marched  to 
Capt.  Lockleys  Ferry  on  Rapahanock  River,  Virginia 

March'd  to  Notingham  Court  House  at  this  place  there 
was  a  Genl.  Field  Day  of  Muster,  here  we  got  a 
Boat  destined  for  the  Head  of  Elk  Comm'd.  by  Capt. 
Brewer,  went  on  board  in  Coan  River,  landed  this 
morning  at  the  Mouth  of  Sd.  River.  Lodged  all 
night  at  Mr.  Crawley's 

Made  sail  at  Night  with  a  fair  wind  got  near  Petuxen 
River  but  by  a  head  wind  were  beat  back  into  Coan 
River  Sailed  this  Night 

Being  Easter  Monday  set  out  on  foot  for  Yocommico 
River  Crossed  over  the  Potowmack  in  Mr.  Mitha- 
ney's  Boat  Landed  at  pine  point  marched  about  3 
miles  Lodged  at  the  Revd.  Mr.  Sebastian's 

This  day  Crossed  Petuxen  River  at  Junifers  Ferry 
Lodged  at  Mr.  M.  Summervills 

March'd  this  Day  to  Mr.  Smiths  in  Annarundle  County 
Maryland 

This  Day  Crossed  the  South  River  at  Browns  Ferry 
Quartered  at  Mr.  Middleton's  in  Annapolis 

Crossed  the  Severn  River  at  the  Town  Quartered  at 
Mr.  Poes  D.  Q.  M.  Genl 

Took  a  passage  on  board  the  Pacquett  Commanded  by 
Capt.  Simpson  &  arrived  at  Newark  about  8  OClock 
in  the  Evening 

Total  of  Marches  From  the  13th  of  April   1780  untill 

the  7th  of  April  1 782 

Omitted  one  nights  march  to  the  old  regulating  ground 


CAPT.    ROBERT    K1RKJV00D  31 

COPIES 

No.   1. 
Summons  to  Majr  Lgenl  Lincoln,   10th  April,   1780,  with  his 
Answer  of  the  Same  Date. 

Sir  Henry  Clinton,  K.  B,  General  and  Commander  in  Chief 
of  his  Majesties  forces,  in  the  Colonies,  laying  on  the  Atlantic, 
from  Nova  Scotia,  etc.,  etc.,  etc.,  and  Vice  Admiral  Arbuthnot, 
Commander  in  Chief  of  his  Majestys  Ships  in  North  America 
etc.,  etc.,  etc.,  Regretting  the  effusion  of  blood,  and  the  Dis- 
tress which  must  now  Commence,  deem  it  Consonant  to  Hu- 
manity to  warn  the  Town  and  Garrison  of  Charles  Town  of 
the  Havock  &  Desolation  with  which  they  are  threatened  from 
the  formidable  force  surrounding  by  Land  &  Sea. 

An  Alterative  is  offered  at  this  Hour  to  the  Inhabitants  of 
saving  their  lives  &  Property  (Contained  in  the  Town)  or  of 
abiding  by  the  fatal  Consequences  of  a  Cannonade  and  storm. 
Should  the  place  in  a  fatal  Security,  or  its  Commander  in  a 
Wanton  Indifference  to  the  fate  of  its  inhabitants  delay  the 
Surrender;  or  should  Publick  Stores  or  Shiping  be  Destroyed, 
the  resentment  of  an  exasperated  Soldery  may  intervene,  but  the 
mild  &  Compasionate  Terms  never  be  renewed. 

The  respective  Commanders  who  hereby  summons  the  town, 
do  not  apprehend  so  rash  a  part  as  that  further  resistance  will 
be  taken ;  but  rather  that  the  gates  will  be  opened,  and  them- 
selves received  with  a  degree  of  Confidence  which  will  forbode 
farther  Reconciliation. 

No.   2. 
Head  Quarters,  Charlestown,  April   10th,   1780. 
Gentlemen 

I  have  received  your  Summons  of  this  Date — Sixty  days  have 
passed  since  it  has  been  known  that  your   intentions  Against 


32  THE    JOURNAL    OF 

this  Town  were  Hostile,  in  which,  time  has  been  afforded  to 
abandon  it,  but  duty  and  inclination  point  to  the  propriety  of 
Supporting  it  to  the  last  extremety. 

I  have  the  Honour 

to  be  Your  Excellencys 

Humble  Sert. 
(Signed)  B.  Lincoln 

Major  General  Lincoln,  to  Sir  Henry  Clinton,  K.  B,  Pro- 
posing Articles  of  Capitulation,  with  Sir  Henry  Clinton's  An- 
swer, And  the  Articles  of  Capitulation. 

No.   3. 

Charlestown,  April  21st.,  1780. 
Sir 

I  am  willing  to  enter  into  the  Consideration  of  terms  of 
Capitulation — if  such  can  be  obtained  as  are  Honourable  for 
the  Army,  &  Safe  for  the  Inhabitants.  I  have  to  propose  A 
Cessation  of  Hostilities  for  six  hours,  for  the  purpose  of  digest- 
ing such  Articles, 

I  have  the  Honour  to  be 

Your  Excellencies  obt.  Sert. 

(Signed)  B.  Lincoln 

His  Excellency  Sir  H.  Clinton. 

No.  4. 

Camp  before  Charlestown,  April  21st.,   1780. 
Sir 

Admiral  Arbuthnot  who  Commands  the  fleet,  should  have 
been  addressed  jointly  with  me  on  this  Occation.     As  I  wish 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  33 

to  Communicate  with   him,   and   as   I   give  my  consent   to   a 
Cessation   of    Hostilities,    for   six   hours;   I    desire   an  Aid   de 
Camp  may  pass  to  the  ships  with  a  letter  &  my  request  that 
the  Battery  on  James  Island  may  desist  firing. 
I  have  the  Honour  to  be  etc., 

(Signed)     H.  Clinton. 
Majr  Genl  Lincoln. 

No.  5. 

Articles  of  Capitulation  proposed  by  Major  General  Lincoln. 

Art.  1st.  That  all  acts  of  Hostilities  &  works  shall  cease 
between  the  Naval  &  land  forces  of  Great  Britain  and 
America,  in  this  State,  Until  the  Articles  of  Capitulation  shall 
be  agreed  on,  Signed  &  executed,  or  Collectively  Rejected. 

Art.  2nd.  That  the  town,  Forts,  &  Fortifications  Belong- 
ing to  them  shall  be  surrendered  to  the  Commander  in  Chief 
of  the  British  Forces,  Such  as  they  now  Stand. 

Art.  3.  That  the  several  troops  garrisoning  the  town  & 
Forts,  including  the  French  &  American  Sailors,  the  French 
Invalids,  the  North  Carolina  &  South  Carolina  Militia,  & 
such  of  the  Charles  Town  Militia  as  may  choose  to  have  this 
place,  shall  have  thirty  six  hours  to  withdraw  to  Lampriers, 
after  the  Capitulation  has  been  accepted  &  Signed  on  both 
sides  and  that  those  troops  shall  retire  with  the  usual  Honours 
of  War  &  Carry  off  during  that  time  their  Arms,  Field  Artil- 
lery, Amunition,  Baggage,  &  such  of  their  stores  as  they  may 
be  able  to  Transport. 

Art.  4.  That  after  the  expiration  of  the  thirty  six  hours 
mentioned  in  the  preceeding  Article,  the  British  Troops  before 
the  Town  shall  take  possession  of  it,  And  those  at  Wappetau 
shall  proceed  to  Fort  Moultrie. 


34  THE   JOURNAL    OF 

Art.  5.  That  the  American  Army  thus  collected  at  Lam- 
prier's  shall  have  ten  days  from  the  expiration  of  the  thirty 
six  hours  before  mentioned,  to  march  whereever  Genl  Lincoln 
shall  think  proper  to  the  Eastward  of  Cooper  River,  without 
any  movement  being  made  by  the  British  troops,  or  part  of 
them  out  of  town,  on  Fort  Moultrie. 

Art.  6.  That  the  sick  and  wounded  of  the  American,  & 
French  Hospitals,  with  their  Medecines,  Stores,  the  Surgeons, 
and  Director  Genl  shall  remain  in  the  Town,  and  be  supplied 
with  the  necessaries  requisite,  untill  provisions  can  be  made 
for  their  removal,  which  will  be  as  speedily  as  possible. 

Art.  7.  That  no  soldier  shall  be  encouraged  to  Desert,  or 
permitted  to  enlist  on  either  side. 

Art.  8.  That  the  French  Consul,  his  House,  papers  and 
other  moveable  property,  shall  be  protected  untouched,  and  a 
proper  time  granted  him  for  retiring  to  any  place  that  may 
afterwards  be  agreed  upon  between  him  and  the  Commander 
in  Chief  of  the  British  Forces. 

Art.  9.  That  the  Continental  Ships  of  War,  Providence, 
Boston  &  Ranger,  now  in  this  Harbour,  with  the  French  ship 
of  War  the  Adventure,  shall  have  liberty  to  proceed  to  Sea, 
with  the  necessary  stores  on  board  and  go  unmolested,  the 
three  former  to  Philadelphia  and  the  latter  to  Cape  Fran-Cois, 
with  the  French  Invalids  mentioned  in  Art.  3. 

Art.  10.  The  Citizens  shall  be  protected  in  their  Persons, 
&  Properties. 

Art.  11.  That  twelve  months  be  allowed  such  as  do  not 
choose  to  continue  under  the  British  Government,  to  dispose 
of  their  effects,  real  and  Personal  in  the  State,  without  any 
molestation  whatever;  or  to  remove  such  part  thereof  as  they 
choose,  as  well  as  themselves  &  Famelies,  and  during  that  time, 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  35 

they  or  any  of   them   may   have    it  at   their   option   to   reside 
occationally  in  Town  or  Country. 

Art.  12.  That  the  same  protection  to  their  Persons,  and 
Properties,  and  the  same  time  for  the  removal  of  their  effects, 
be  given  to  the  Subjects  of  France  and  Spain  Residing  amongst 
us,  as  are  required  for  the  Citizens  in  the  preceeding  Articles. 

Dated  at  Charlestown  21  April   1780 

(Signed)  B.  Lincoln 

No.  6. 

Sir  Henery  Clinton  and  Vice  Admiral  Arbuthnot  to  Major 
General  Lincoln. 

Camp  before  Charlestown  April  21st,  1780. 
Sir 

We  have  in  answer  to  your  third  Article  (for  we  cannot 
proceed  further)  to  refer  you  to  our  former  offer,  as  terms 
which  although  you  cannot  claim,  we  yet  Consent  to  grant. 

These  however  must  be  accepted  immediately,  and  respon- 
sible Hostages  of  the  rank  of  Field  Officers  must  be  sent  us 
as  Securities  that  the  Custom  of  War  on  these  Occations  are 
strictly  adhered  to ;  that  no  person  of  the  Garrison  or  Inhabi- 
tant be  permitted  to  go  out,  nothing  to  be  removed  or 
destroyed,  &  no  ship  or  Vessel  pass  from  the  Town. 

All  dependent  posts  are  to  be  included  in  the  Surrender, 
and  the  Hostages  to  be  answerable  for  these  as  for  the  Town. 

Your  answer  is  expected  at  10  OClock,  at  which  hour 
Hostilities  will  Commence  again,  unless  our  Offers  are  Closed 
with. 

(Signed)     H.  Clinton 

M.  T.  Arbuthnot 


36  THE   JOURNAL    OF 

No.  7. 

Camp  before  Charles  Town,  May  8th,  1780. 
Sir 

Circumstanced  as  I  now  am  with  respect  to  the  place 
invested,  Humanity  only  can  induce  me  to  lay  within  your 
reach  the  terms  I  had  determined  should  not  again  be  pre- 
oflered. 

The  fall  of  Fort  Sullivan,  the  Destruction  (on  the  6th. 
Inst,)  of  what  remained  of  your  Cavelry,  the  Critical  period 
to  which  our  approaches  against  the  Town  have  brought  us, 
mark  this  as  the  term  of  your  hopes  of  Succour,  (Could  you 
ever  have  framed  any)  and  as  an  hour,  beyond  which,  Resist- 
ance is  temerity. 

By  this  last  Summons  therefore  I  throw  to  your  Charge 
whatever  vindictive  Severity,  exasperated  Soldiers  may  inflict 
on  the  Unhappy  People,  whom  you  devote  by  persevering  in  a 
fruitless  Defence. 

I  shall  expect  your  answer  untill  Eight  OClock,  When  Hos- 
tilities will  Commence  again,  Unless  the  Town  be  surrendred, 

(Signed)     H.  Clinton 
Major  General  Lincoln 

No.  8. 

Charles  Town  May  8th  1780. 
Sir 

Your  letter  to  me  of  this  date  is  now  under  consideration 
there  are  so  many  different  Interests  to  be  Consulted,  that  I 
have  to  propose  that  Hostilities  do  not  again  Commence  till 

(Signed)     B.  Lincoln 
His  Excallency  Sr.  H.  Clinton. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  37 

No.  9. 

May  8th  1780. 
Sir 

As  more  time  has  been  expended  in  Consulting  the  different 
Interests  than  I  supposed  there  would  be,  I  have  to  request 
that  the  truce  may  be  continued  untill  Four  OClock. 

(Signed)     B.  Lincoln. 
His  Excellency  Sr.  H.  Clinton. 

No.  10. 

May  8th  1780. 
Sir 

I  consent  that  Hostilities  shall  not  again  Commence  before 
the  Hour  of  twelve  as  you  desire. 

I  have  the  Honour  to  be 
Sir 
(Signed)     H.  Clinton 
Major  General  Lincoln. 

No.  11. 
Articles  of  Capitulation  proposed  by  Major  General  Lincoln. 

Art.  1  st.  That  all  acts  of  Hostilities  and  Work  shall  cease 
between  the  Besiegers  &  Besieged,  Untill  the  Articles  of  Capit- 
ulation shall  be  agreed  on,  Signed,  &  executed,  or  collectively 
rejected. 

Art.  2nd.  The  Town  &  fortifications  shall  be  Surrendred 
to  the  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  British  Forces,  such  as 
they  now  Stand. 

Art.  3.  The  Continental  troops  &  Sailors,  with  their  Bag- 
gage shall  be  conducted  to  a  place  to  be  agreed  on,  where  they 


38  THE   JOURNAL    OF 

will  remain  Prisoners  of  War,  Untill  exchanged. — While 
Prisoners,  they  shall  be  supplied  with  good  &  wholesome  pro- 
visions, in  such  Quantity  as  is  served  out  to  the  troops  of  his 
Britanic  Majesty. 

Art.  4th.  The  Militia  now  in  Garrison  shall  be  permitted 
to  return  to  their  respective  homes,  and  be  secured  in  their 
Persons  &  Property. 

Art.  5th.  The  sick  &  wounded  shall  be  continued  under 
the  care  of  their  own  Surgeons,  and  be  supplied  with  Medi- 
cines, and  such  necessaries  as  are  allowed  to  the  British 
Hospitals. 

Art.  6th.  The  officers  of  the  Army  &  Navy  shall  keep 
their  Horses,  swords,  Pistols  &  Baggage,  which  shall  not  be 
searched,  and  retain  their  Servants. 

Art.  7th.  The  Garrisons  shall  at  an  hour  appointed,  march 
out  with  Shouldred  arms,  Drums  beating,  and  Colours  flying, 
to  a  place  agreed  on,  where  they  will  pile  their  Arms. 

Art.  8th.  That  the  French  Consul,  his  House,  Papers,  and 
other  moveable  property,  shall  be  protected  &  untouched,  and 
a  proper  time  granted  to  him  for  retiring  to  any  place  that 
may  afterwards  be  agreed  on  between  him  &  the  Commander 
in  Chief  of  the  British  Forces. 

Art.  9th.  That  the  Citizens  shall  be  protected  in  their 
Persons  &  Properties. 

Art.  ioth.  That  a  twelve  months  time  be  allowed  all  such 
as  do  not  choose  to  continue  under  the  British  Government;  to 
dispose  of  their  effects,  real  &  personal  in  the  State,  without 
any  molestation  whatever,  or  to  remove  such  part  thereof  as 
they  Choose,  as  well  as  themselves  &  families ;  and  that  during 
that  time,  they,  or  any  of  them,  may  have  it  at  their  option  to 
reside  occationaly  in  Town  or  Country. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  39 

Art.  nth.  That  the  same  protection  to  their  persons  & 
Properties,  &  the  same  time  for  the  removal  of  their  effects,  be 
given  to  the  subjects  of  France  &  Spain,  as  are  required  for  the 
Citizens  in  the  preceeding  articles. 

Art.  1 2th.  That  a  Vessel  be  permitted  to  go  to  Philadel- 
phia with  the  Genls  despatches,  which  are  not  to  be  opened: 

(Signed)         B.  Lincoln 
Charlestown  May  8th  1780. 

No.  12. 

„.  May  8th  1780 

Sir 

As  I  wish  to  Communicate  with  the  Admiral  upon  the  sub- 
ject of  your  last  letter,  I  have  to  desire  that  an  Aid-de-Camp 
may  be  permitted  to  pass  to  the  Fleet  for  that  purpose. 

I  have  the  Honour  to  be  etc.,  etc., 

(Signed)  H.  Clinton 

Maj  Genl  Lincoln. 


No.   13. 


May  8th  1780 


Sir 

In  order  to  give  the  Articles  of  Capitulation  which  you  have 
proposed  a  due  consideration,  I  propose  that  the  Cessation  of 
Hostilities  shall  Continue  untill  tomorrow  morning  at  Eight 
OClock,  and  that  in  the  mean  time  every  thing  shall  Continue 
in  its  present  Situation,  if  you  accede  to  this,  you  will  please 
to  give  me  immediate  Information  of  it. 

I  am 

Sir  etc., 
(Signed)         H.  Clinton 
Maj  Genl  Lincoln. 


4o  THE   JOURNAL   OF 

No.   14. 

c.  May  8th  1780 

Sir 

I  accede  to  your  proposal,  that  Hostilities  shall  cease  untill 

tomorrow  morning;,  Eight  OClock,  and  that  in  the  mean  time 

all  works  shall  continue  in  their  present  State. 

(Signed)         B.  Lincoln. 
His  Excellency  Sir  H.  Clinton. 

No.  15. 

c.  May  8th  8  OClock  P.  M. 

Sir 

Your  answer  to  my  letter  proposing  the  Continuation  of  the 
truce  untill  to  morning  at  Eight  OClock,  only  accedes  to  the 
Cessation  of  Hostilities,  &  that  in  the  mean  time  all  works 
shall  Continue  in  their  present  State;  but  my  proposition  was 
that  untill  that  time  everything  should  Continue  in  its  present 
Situation ;  &  my  meaning  was,  that  there  should  be  an  attempt 
made  to  remove  any  of  the  troops,  or  destroy  any  of  the  Ships, 
Stores  or  other  Effects  whatever,  now  in  the  Town  or  Har- 
bour. 

If  your  idea  is  the  Same,  I  must  request  you  will  express 
your  Self  more  explicitly. 

I  am 

Sir  etc., 
(Signed)  H.  Clinton 

No.  16. 
gir  May  8th   1780 

In  Agreeing  that  the  truce  should  be  Continued  untill  Eight 
OClock  tomorrow  morning,  &  all  works  remain  as  they  were, 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  41 

I  meant  to  accede  to  your  proposal  that  everything  should  Con- 
tinue in  its  present  Situation,  which  I  again  assent  to. 

(Signed)         B.  Lincoln 
His  Excellency  Sir  H.  Clinton 

No.   17. 

Articles  of  Capitulation,  as  proposed  By  Major  General  Lin- 
coln, and  Answered  by  their  Excellencies  General  Sir 
Henery  Clinton,  K.  B.  And  Vice  Admiral  Arbuthnot. 

Art.  1st.  All  acts  of  Hostilities  and  work  shall  cease  untill 
the  Articles  of  Capitulation  are  finally  agreed  to  or  rejected. 

Art.  2nd.  The  Town  &  Fortifications,  with  the  Shipping 
at  the  Wharves,  Artillery  and  all  Public  Stores  whatsoever, 
shall  be  surrendered  in  their  present  State  to  the  Commanders 
of  the  investing  Forces.  Proper  Officers  shall  attend  from  the 
respective  Departments  to  receive  them. 

Art.  3rd.     Granted. 

Art.  4th.  The  militia  now  in  Garrison  shall  be  permitted 
to  return  to  their  respective  homes,  as  Prisoners  upon  Parole; 
which  Parole,  so  long  as  they  observe  it,  shall  secure  them  from 
being  molested  in  their  Property  by  the  British  Troops. 

Art.  5th.     Granted. 

Art.  6th.  Granted;  except  with  respect  to  their  Horses, 
which  will  not  be  allowed  to  go  out  of  town,  but  may  be  dis- 
posed of  by  a  Person  left  from  each  Corps  for  that  purpose. 

Art.  7th.  The  whole  Garrison  shall  at  an  hour  to  be  ap- 
pointed, march  out  of  the  Town  to  the  ground  Between  the 
Works  of  the  place  &  the  Canal,  where  they  will  deposit  their 
arms.  The  Drums  are  not  to  beat  A  British  march,  or  Col- 
ours to  be  uncased. 


42  THE   JOURNAL    OF 

Art.  8th.  Agreed;  with  this  restriction,  that  he  is  to  con- 
sider himself  as  a  prisoner  on  Parole. 

Art.  9th.  All  Civil  Officers,  &  the  Citizens  who  have 
Borne  Arms  during  the  Siege,  must  be  Prisoners  on  Parole; 
and  with  respect  to  their  property  in  the  City,  shall  have  the 
same  terms  as  are  granted  to  the  militia.  And  all  other  per- 
sons now  in  the  Town,  not  described  in  this,  or  other  Article, 
are  notwithstanding  understood  to  be  Prisoners  on  Parole. 

Art.  ioth.  The  Discussion  of  this  Article,  of  Course,  can- 
not possibly  be  entered  into  at  present. 

Art.  nth.  The  Subjects  of  France  &  Spain  shall  have  the 
same  terms  as  are  granted  to  the  French  Consul. 

Art.  1 2th.  Granted;  and  a  proper  Vessel  with  a  flag  will 
be  provided  for  that  purpose. 

All  Public  papers  &  records  must  be  carefully  preserved,  & 
faithfully  delivered,  to  such  persons  as  shall  be  appointed  to 
receive  them. 

(Signed)     H.  Clinton 

M.  T.  Arbuthnot 
Camp  before  Charlestown 
May  gth  1780. 


No.   18. 

May  9th  1780. 
Sir 

In  reply  to  your  Answers  on  the  Articles  of  Capitulation,  I 
must  remark  that  in  their  present  State  they  are  inadmissable, 
and  have  to  propose  that  these  now  sent  may  be  acceded  to. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  43 

If  any  further  explanation  should  be  necessary,  I  have  to 
purpose  also,  that  two  or  three  Gentlemen  be  appointed  to  meet 
&  Confer  on  the  subject. 

I  have  the  Honour  to  be  etc., 

(Signed)         B.  Lincoln. 
His  Excellency  Sr.  H.  Clinton. 

Alterations  of  Articles  of  Capitulation,  proposed  by  Major 
Genl  Lincoln. 

Art.  2nd.  The  Town  &  Fortifications,  with  the  Shipping  at 
the  Wharves,  (excepting  those  which  are  private  property)  and 
all  public  stores,  shall  be  surrendered  in  their  present  State  to 
the  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  British  Forces. 

Art.  4th.  The  militia  now  in  Garrison,  shall  be  permitted 
to  return  to  their  respective  Homes,  with  their  Baggage,  Un- 
molested, &  not  be  considered  as  Prisoners  of  War. 

Art.  6th.  Such  of  the  Officers  as  may  be  unwilling  to  dis- 
pose of  their  Horses,  may  keep  them. 

Art.  7th.  This  article  to  stand  as  at  first  proposed,  the 
Drums  not  Beating  A  British  march. 

Art.  8th.  The  French  Consul  never  having  borne  Arms, 
and  acting  in  a  Civil  Capacity  is  not  to  be  Considered  as  a 
prisoner  of  War. 

Art.  9th.  The  Citizens  &  all  other  persons,  now  in  Town, 
who  are  Inhabitants  of  this  State,  shall  be  secured  in  their  per- 
sons &  properties,  both  in  Town  and  Country,  and  not  be  con- 
sidered Prisoners  of  War. 

Art.  10th.  This  Article  to  Stand  as  at  first  proposed.  The 
persons  who  may  Claim  the  previledge  therein  expressed,  giv- 
ing their  Parole  that  they  will  not  act  against  the  British  Gov- 
ernment untill  they  are  exchanged. 


44  THE   JOURNAL    OF 

Art.  ii.  This  Article  to  Stand  as  at  first  proposed,  with 
the  same  restrictions  as  are  mentioned  in  Art.  10th. 

In  order  to  prevent  disputes,  it  is  to  be  understood,  that  all 
officers  of  the  Continental  Army,  who  are  Citizens  of  this  State, 
be  entitled  to  all  the  Benefits  of  Citizens  with  regard  to  the 
security  of  their  Property. 

All  publick  records  now  in  Town,  will  be  delivered  to  such 
persons  as  may  be  appointed  to  receive  them. 

(Signed)         B.  Lincoln. 
Done  at  Charlestown  May  9th  1780. 


No.  19. 


May  9th  1780 


Sir 

No  other  motives  but  those  of  Forbearance  and  Compassion 
induced  us  to  renew  offers  of  Terms  you  certainly  had  no 
Claim  to. 

The  alterations  you  propose  are  all  Utterly  inadmissable. 
Hostilities  will  in  Consequence  Commence  Afresh  at  Eight 
OClock. 

(Signed)         H.  Clinton 

M.  T.  Arbuthnot 
Majr  Genl  Lincoln. 

No.  20. 

„.  Charlestown  May  nth  1780. 

Sir 

The  same  motives  of  humanity,  which  inclined  you  to  pro- 
pose Articles  of  Capitulation  to  this  Garrison,  Induced  me  to 
offer  those  I  had  the  honour  of  Sending  you  on  the  8th  Inst. 
They  then  appeared  to  me  such  as  I  might  proffer,  And  you 
receive  with  honour  to  both  parties  your  exceptions  to  them,  as 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  45 

they  principally  concerned  the  militia  and  Citizens,  I  then  con- 
ceived were  such  as  Could  not  be  concerned  with;  but  a  recent 
application  from  those  People,  Wherein  they  express  a  Will- 
ingness to  Comply  with  them,  and  a  wish  on  my  part  to  lessen 
as  much  as  may  be,  the  Distresses  of  war  to  Individuals,  lead 
me  now  to  offer  you  my  acceptance  of  them. 
I  have  the  Honour  to  be  Sir  etc., 

(Signed)         B.  Lincoln. 

No.  21. 
Camp  before  Charlestown  May  10th  1780. 
Sir 

When  you  rejected  the  favourable  terms  which  were  dic- 
tated by  an  earnest  desire  to  Prevent  the  effusion  of  Blood,  and 
interposed  Articles  that  were  wholly  unadmissable,  both  the 
Admiral  and  my  Self  were  of  opinion  that  the  Surrender  of 
the  Town  at  Discretion  was  the  only  Condition  that  should  be 
afterwards  attended  to;  but  as  the  motives  which  then  Induced 
them,  are  still  prevalent,  I  now  Inform  you  that  the  terms  then 
offered  will  still  be  granted. 

A  copy  of  the  Articles  shall  be  sent  for  your  Ratification  as 
soon  as  they  Can  be  prepared,  and  immediately  after  they  are 
exchanged,  a  Detachment  of  Granadiers  will  be  sent  to  take 
possession  of  the  Horn  Work  apposite  your  main  gate,  every 
arrangement  which  may  Conduce  to  good  order  in  Occupying 
the  Town,  shall  be  settled  before  noon  tomorrow,  and  at  that 
time  your  Garrison  shall  march  out. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be  Sir 

Your  most  obt.  &  Humbl.  Sert. 
(Signed)         H.  Clinton 
Majr  Genl  Lincoln. 


Part  II 

A   BOOK   OF  GENERAL   ORDERS 
FOR  THE  YEAR  1777 

Kept  by 

Captain    Robert   Kirkwood 


"Capt.  Robt.  Kirkwood's  Book  of  General  Orders  for  the 
year  1777  with  a  Journal  of  Marches  performed  by  the  Dela- 
ware Regt  for  sd  year,  in  the  last  part  of  the  Book." 

(March    1st    1777) 
Proceedings  of  a  Reigmental   Court   Martial   held   at   Hel' 
Co.  this  1st  day  of  March   1777    (for  the  trying  of  a  certain 
James  Pemberton  charged  with  stealing  a  piece  of  check  lin- 
nen)    whereof  Capt.  Enoch  Anderson  is  President. 

Lt.      ~]  fEns.  Hyat 

.    J- Members  J 
rarvisj  1  Ens.  Jordan 

All  members  being  present. 

Court  adjourned  untill  2  OClock  P.  M.  all  members  pres- 
ent, 

The  Prisoner  being  called  the  question  being  put  guilty  or 
not  guilty   (Prisoner)    pleads  not  guilty. 

Evidence — James  Moones,  being  called  &  sworn,  sayeth  gt. 

Prisoner  had  a  piece  of  check,  which  he  endeavoured  to 
conceal  under  his  coat,  but  Mr.  Jordan  ordered  him  to  come 
back  the  road  he  was  going  which  was  towards  Wilmington 
he  moving  it  from  the  fore  part  to  the  back  part  of  his  coat 
he  the  sd  Moones,  saw  the  check;  and  told  him  to  hide  it 
under  the  snow,  for  he  would  be  detected  with  it. 

The  Prisoner  being  asked  if  the  above  oath  were  true  or 
not  he  replyed  that  he  had  nothing  with  him  that  he  was 
affraid  of  being  detected  with,  &  being  asked  again  if  he  had 
the  check,  sd.  he  had  none  but  an  old  check  shirt 

Evidence — Hugh  Coffel,  being  sworn  sayeth  gt.  he  the  sd. 
Pemberton  had  a  quantity  of  check  which  appeared  to  be  new 
with  fringes  or  thrumbs  on  it,  as  is  common  from  the  loom. 


5o  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Evidence — Cornelius  Grimes  being  sworn  sayeth  that  the 
prisoner  told  him  he  took  a  check  shirt  with  him  to  Wilming- 
ton. From  circumstances  which  appear  after  ye  evidence 
being  called  &  duly  examined  the  court  are  of  opinion  that 
James  Pemberton  is  guilty  of  the  charge  laid  against  him,  and 
do  sentence  him  to  receive  thirty  nine  lashes  on  his  bare  back 
well  laid  on  with  the  cat  o  nine  tails ;  &  also  to  make  restitu- 
tion for  the  linen.  The  commanding  officer  approves  of  the 
sentence,  &  orders  the  punishment  to  be  put  in  execution  this 
evening. 


Head  Quarters,  Princeton  March  27th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

The  General  is  very  sorry  there  should  be  so  much  founda- 
tion for  the  frequent  complaints  of  the  sodery,  respecting  their 
pay  and  cloathing,  he  is  very  sensible  of  these  difficulties  and 
promises  them  everything  in  his  power  to  have  them  speedily 
redressed. 

The  officers  of  the  different  Corps,  are  for  this  purpose 
immedietely  to  make  out  their  pay  rolls  &  returns  for  the 
necessaries,  and  despatch  them  by  proper  persons,  who  will 
procure  them  without  delay. 


March  28th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

The  detachments  from  the  3rd  4th  &  10th  Pennsylvania 
Batt.  are  to  form  one  Corps  and  be  under  the  immediet  Com- 
mand of  Major  Larmer,  the  Adj't  or  one  appointed  for  that 
duty  to  give  in  the  returns  of  the  Whole.  Morning  Reports 
are  to  be  punctually  given  in  at  10  OClock 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


5i 


Genl  Orders  29th  March   *777 

All  the  Carpenters  belonging  to  the  Different  Corps  are  to 
parade  at  Head  Quarters  at  eight  OClock  to  morrow  morn- 
ing.    Additional  wages  will  be  given  to  good  workmen. 

Publick  worship  will  be  performed  by  the  Revd.  Dr.  With- 
erspoon  tomorrow  at  the  Meetinghouse,  all  the  Troops  are  to 
attend  precisely  at  1 1  OClock.  The  officers  to  see  the  men 
parade  exactly  at  that  time,  in  neat  &  proper  order  and  be 
examplary  in  their  attendance. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  30th  March  1777 
Genl  Orders 

All  the  Troops  in  Camp  to  Parade  to  morrow  morning  at 
guard  Mounting.  James  Robinson,  &  Matt.  Jones,  under 
sentence  of  Death  for  Desertion  are  to  be  Executed  to  morrow 
between  the  hours  of  10  &  1 1  OClock  Major  Larmer's  De- 
tachment from  ye  3rd,  8th  &  9th  Virgr.  Regt.  &  Capt.  Scheirs 
Independant  Company  to  hold  themselves  in  readiness  to  march 
immediately  after  Execution  tomorrow. 


Princeton  March  30th   1777 
The  Court  met  according  to  Orders,  Proceeds 


Col.  Shreeves 

President 

Capt. 

Lowery 

rCap.  Dillen 

do. 

Christy 

do.    MClellan 

do. 
Lt. 

Anderson 

Helms 

^Members  * 

Lt.     Vananglin 
do.     Lane 

do. 

Appelton 

do.     M  Bride 

do. 

Conn 

» do.     Rhea 

52  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Geo.  Hofman  Judge  Advocate  Pro  Tempore  Nicholas  Luke 
a  Soldier  Brought  Before  the  Court  Martial  For  Desertion, 
The  Prisoner  pleads  guilty 

The  Court  Considering  him,  Sentence  him  to  Receive  50 
Lashes,  on  his  bare  back  well  laid  on  wt  ye  Cat  o'  nine  Tails. 

Isaac  Pain  Soldier,  brought  before  the  Court  for  Desertion, 
Prisoner  pleads  not  guilty 

EVIDENCE — Lt.  Reynolds  The  Court  finds  the  prisoner 
guilty  And  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  15  Lashes  &  to  be 
Discharged  from  the  Service. 

William  Watson  Brought  before  the  Court  for  mutiny  & 
Drawing  his  Bayonet  on  Lt.  Bowman  the  Court  Sentence  him 
to  receive  400  Lashes 

(March  30th   1777) 

Moses  Joab  a  Soldier  Brought  before  the  Court  for  taking 
of  a  waggon  and  Horses  the  Prisoner  pleads  guilty.  And  Sen- 
tence him  to  Receive  100  Lashes  &  have  3  Dollars  stop't  out 
of  his  Wages  to  be  paid  to  the  waggoner. 

James  Bartley  a  Soldier  Brought  before  the  Court  for  Steal- 
ing and  Selling  a  Shirt,  the  Prisoner  pleads  not  guilty.  The 
Court  finds  him  guilty.  And  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  100 
Lashes. 

Hopewell  Jewell  Brought  before  the  Court  for  Stealing  and 
imbezeling  a  Continental  Mare,  the  Court  finds  him  guilty, 
and  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  100  Lashes;  s'd  Jewell  is  to 
Receive  25  pr.  Day  untill  he  has  got  the  100  Lashes.  Should 
the  Mare  be  brought  before  Monday  night  he  then  Receives 
the  whole  at  once. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  53 

Jno  Bryan  A  Soldier  on  Suspicion  of  Desertion  James  Mur- 
phy for  persuaiding  Jno  Bryan  to  Enlist  with  Ens.  Carpenter 
knowing  that  he  Before  was  Inlisted.  the  Court  Sentence 
Bryan  to  Receive  100  Lashes  &  Murphy  to  Receive  50  Lashes. 

Samuel  M  Murry  brought  before  the  Court  for  getting 
Drunk  &  Stealing  1  pair  Shoes.  No  Evidence  appears  for 
Stealing  is  therefore  Sentenc'd  to  Receive  15  Lashes  for  get- 
ting  Drunk. 

Andrew  McCoy  A  Suttler  brought  before  the  Court  for 
fraud  &  Extortion,  the  Court  finds  him  guilty  &  Sentence  him 
to  Receive  100  Lashes  &  be  drummed  out  of  the  Camp  &  never 
permitted  to  Sell  any  more. 

The  Above  Sentence  has  been  approv'd  of  by  the  Genl. 


Apl  9th   1777 

The  Officers  of  the  Differrent  detachment  are  to  Attend  at 
Mr.  Days  Quarters  Adjst  to  the  2nd  Virgi.  Regt  for  orders 
and  Details  at  2  OClock  Presisely. 


Apl  10th  1777 

1  C,  1  L,  2  S,  2  C,  25  P  of  the  nth  Regt  with  three  days 
Provisions  to  parade  at  head  Quarters  to  morrow  morning  at  6 
OClock. 


Apl   15th   1777 

1  C,  1  L,  2  S,  2  C,  30  P  of  the  Delaware  Detachment  with 
three  Days  Provisions  to  march  to  the  Enemys  Lines  Tomor- 
row morning  &  Relieve  Capt.  Hines  now  on  Scout. 


54  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Genl  orders  from  Morriston  Apl  25  1777  Coins  and  Com- 
manding Officers  of  Corps  must  Cause  their  Reigmental  pay 
Masters  to  make  up  their  Pay  abstracts  to  the  first  of  this 
month,  &  order  them  to  attend  at  the  Paymaster  Generals  for 
the  Money. 

Proper  attention  to  genl  orders  of  this  nature  Issued  the  21st 
Last  month  would  not  only  have  moved  the  Complaint  of  the 
Soldiers  for  want  of  their  pay  to  frequently  made  to  the  Com- 
mander in  Chief,  but  would  have  saved  them  much  trouble  in 
Settling  their  Account  for  money  drawn  uppon  Acct.  and  the 
most  punctual  obedience  must  be  paid  to  this  order  no  Execuse 
for  delay  will  Admitted. 

They  are  also  to  make  Returns  of  the  medicins  and  Instru- 
ments in  their  Possession  to  the  Director  General  at  Head 
Quarters  on  Monday  next. 

The  Adjut  Genl  will  transmit  you  Copies  of  this  to  gentn 
Concerned. 


Apl  26  1777 

A   Court   of   Enquiry   to   Set  Tomorrow   at   9   OClock   at 
Major  Taylors  Quarters. 


Major  Taylor  to  Preside. 


Members 


Light  Horse  1  C  o  L 

Col.  And  1  C  1  L 

9th  V.  Reigt  oC  oL 

D.  B.  o  C  1  L 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  55 

Apl  30th  1777 
Procedings  of  A  Court  Martial  held  at  princeton 
Members  present 

in   ^  r 

Lt.  Wyat 


C.  Anderson  ^ 

Lt.  Wilds        knemberi 

Lt.  Purvis      J 


Ens.  Campbell 


Saml  McMurry  A  Soldier  brought  before  the  Court  for 
getting  Drunk  &  neglect  of  Duty. 

Prisoner  being  Called  pleads  guilty  The  Court  after  Con- 
sidering the  nature  of  the  offence  &  bad  tendency  of  Drunken- 
ness Sentence  him  to  Receive  50  Lashes  on  his  bare  back. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  May  4th  1777 

The  Following  orders  Came  from  his  Ecellency  this  Morn- 
ing and  is  to  be  Perticularly  Observed  By  the  Officers  in  this 
Division  of  the  Army. 

Every  Corps  must  put  their  Arms  in  the  best  firing  order 
and  compleatly  furnished  With  Amunition  the  Commanding 
Officers  will  see  this  done,  as  they  will  Answer  for  the  Least 
neglect  of  this  Important  duty. 

The  Qr  M.  Genl  to  Furnish  them  with  tents  and  proper 
Convenniencies  to  Carry  them,  that  they  may  be  Ready  to  move 
with  the  Troops  at  Shortest  notice. 

The  Genl  Laments  the  necessity  he  is  Laid  under  of  Repeat- 
ing his  orders  by  which  the  Officers  were  forbid  to  Ride  About 
the  Country  This  Absenting  themselves  from  their  Duty — if 
any  Sudden  Call  for  Offensive  or  Defensive  measures  Should 
be  made  during  their  Absence,  they  assuredly  will  be  Brought 
to  Severe  Acct. 


56  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

The  Major  Genrls  will  Publish  those  Orders  at  their  Re- 
spective posts,  for  which  purpose  the  Adjt  Generals  will  fur- 
nish them  wt  Copies. 

The  Commanding  Officer  of  Companies  or  Detachments  are 
Immediately  to  make  out  five  Muster  Rolls  of  Each  Company 
or  Detachment  Printed  forms  of  muster  Rolls  may  be  had  by 
Applying  to  the  deputy  Muster  Master  Gen.  at  Head  Quar- 
ters, Col.  Hazen's  Reg't  to  Parade  for  muster  at  io  OClock 
on  Tuesday  morning  and  the  other  Troops  in  Princeton  at 
three  in  the  Afternoon.  Those  at  Kingston  will  parade  on 
Wednesday  forenoon  at  io  OClock  and  then  at  Rocky  hill  at 
3  P.  M.  on  the  same  day. 

(May  4th  1777) 

Every  Soldier  whose  Absence  is  not  Accounted  for  on  the 
Muster  Rols  Must  without  fail  appear  on  the  parade — The 
Rolls  to  be  made  out  Alphabetically  &  the  non  effectives  to  be 
placed  After  the  Effectives. 


Proceedings  of  A  Court  Martial  of  the  Line  May  1st  1777 
Capt.  M    Connell  Prisident. 

Capt.  Anderson   "1  f  Lt.  Hoops 

Lt.  Gilbert  JmemberS{Lt.  Tallott 

Francis  Dougherty  of  Capt.  Dorseys  Comp.  tried  for  being 
insolent  &  Drunkness  sentenced  to  Receive  50  Lashes. 

Thomas  Donaldson  of  Capt.  Nevin's  Company  tried  for  be- 
ing Drunk  on  his  post  Sentenced  to  Receive  150  Lashes. 

Patrick  Ferrel  of  Capt.  M  Connell's  Company  for  being 
Drunk  and  Attempting  to  desert  Sentenced  to  Receive  200 
Lashes. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  57 

The  Genrl  Approves  of  the  Sentence  and  orders  them  to  be 
put  in  Execution  to  Morrow  at  the  Releiving  of  the  Guards. 

Timothy  Collins,  and  William  Man,  are  forgiven  for  their 
Crimes  and  ordered  to  Join  their  Reigt. 


Head  Quarters  May  4  1777 

The  Genl  again  orders  that  the  whole  of  the  Troops  turn 
out  and  are  on  the  Parade  at  the  beating  of  the  Ravalie  and 
the  Officers  Are  to  Maneuver  them  untill  Sun  Rise  the  Com- 
manding Officers  of  Corps  must  Remember  for  to  have  all 
their  men  Provided  with  three  Days  Provision  Ready  Cook'd 
The  Genl  Perticulary  forbids  the  Commanding  officers  of 
guards  not  to  suffer  any  of  the  guards  to  be  Absent  from  their 
guards  Either  day  or  Night  untill  properly  Relieved  it  is  with 
surprise  the  Genl  hears  it  is  A  Common  Practice  when  at  the 
Advanced  Posts  of  the  Enemy. 

Any  Officers  Commanding  guards  who  shall  suffer  any  of 
their  Officers  or  men  to  be  Absent  untill  Properly  Relieved 
may  Depend  on  his  being  Arrested. 

Officer  of  the  Day  Col.  Stone  a  Subaltern  from  the  Artilery 
to  Visit  the  Barracks  &  Hospital  to  Morrow. 

The  Genl  Positively  forbids  any  Person  whatever  found 
firing  or  Discharging  his  Arms  near  the  Camp,  Every  Officer 
or  Non  Commissioned  officer  who  finds  any  person  guilty  of 
that  Malicious  Practice  Must  Immediatly  tye  them  up  &  give 
them  20  Lashes  without  Tryal. 

The  Artilery  Must  Parade  on  the  Grand  Parade,  Every 
Morning  at  the  Break  of  Day  and  Fire  a  morning  gun  at 
which  time  all  the  Drums  in  Camp  Must  beat  the  Reivelie  all 
the  Drums  &  fifes  in  Camp  Must  attend  with  the  Drum 
Major  of  Col.  Antles  Reigt.  to  beat  the  troop  Retreat  &  Tatto 


58  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OE 

Such  who  do  not  Attend,  the  Drum  Major  Must  Confine 
them  &  they  Shall  be  punished. 

The  Following  order  came  from  his  Exellency  to  day  is  to 
be  perticularly  observed  by  the  Officers  in  this  Department. 

It  having  been  observed  that  no  truth  of  Adhering  to  A 
former  order,  but  the  Contrairey  some  officers  make  A  Prac- 
tice of  Riding  Continental  Horses  as  well  as  them  Belonging 
to  the  Inhabitants  in  the  Neighbourhood  of  the  Army. 

The  Commander  in  Cheif  posittively  Declares  that  if  any 
Off,  in  the  Returns  will  Dare  to  Presume  to  Ride  any  Horse 
Either  Publick  or  Private,  Without  Leave  first  obtain'd  from 
the  proper  Off,  if  a  Publick  Horse,  or  from  the  Owner  if 
Private  property;  Shall  Immediatly  be  Brought  to  tryal  by  A 
Genl  Court  Martial. 


Head  Quarters  May  15th  1777 
As  few  Vices  are  Attended  with  more  pernicious  Conse- 
quences in  Civil  life,  so  there  are  none  more  fatal  in  A  Mili- 
tary one  than  that  of  Gaming  which  often  brings  Disgrace,  & 
Ruin  upon  Offs  &  Injury  and  Punishment  on  Soldiers,  &  Re- 
ports Prevailing  which  it  is  to  be  feared  are  too  well  founded 
that  this  pernicious  Vice  has  Shead  its  banefull  influence  in  the 
Army  and  in  perticular  to  the  Prejudice  of  the  Recruiting 
Service  the  Commander  in  Cheif  in  the  most  pointed  &  Expli- 
cat  terms  forbids  all  Offs  &  Soldiers  Playing  at  Cards  or  Dice 
or  any  other  games  except  that  of  Exercise  for  Diversions  it 
being  impossible  if  the  practice  be  Allowed  at  all  to  Descrimi- 
nate  between  Innocent  play  for  Amusement  And  Criminal 
Gaming  for  Pecunary  Sordid  purposes. 

Offs  attentive  to  their  Duty  will  find  Abundant  Imployment 
in  training  and  Dissipling  their  Men,  providing  for  them  and 
Seeing  that  they  appear  Neat  &  Clean  and   Soldier  like,  nor 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  59 

will  any  thing  Redound  more  to  their  Honour,  Afford  more 
Solid  Amusement  or  better  Answer  the  End  of  their  Appoint- 
ment than  to  devote  the  Vacant  Moments  they  may  have  to  the 
Study  of  Military  Authors. 

The  Commanding  Off.  of  every  Corps  are  Strictly  enjoined 
to  have  the  orders  frequently  Read  and  Strongly  impressed 
upon  the  minds  of  them  under  his  Command,  Any  Off.  or 
Soldier  or  other  person  belonging  to  or  following  the  Army 
Whether  in  Camp,  in  Quarters,  or  on  the  Recruiting  Service, 
or  Else  where  presuming  under  any  pretence  to  Disobey  this 
order  Shall  be  tryed  by  A  Genl  Court  Martial. 

The  Genl  Offs  in  each  Division  of  the  Army  are  to  pay 
the  Strictest  attention  to  the  Due  execution  thereof. 

The  Adjt.  Genl  is  to  transmit  Copies  of  this  order  to  the 
Different  parts  of  the  Army  also  to  Cause  the  Same  to  be 
immediatly  Published  in  the  Gazzet  of  Each  State  for  the 
Information  of  Offs  Dispersed  on  the  Recruiting  Service. 

Field  Off.  of  the  day  tomorrow  Major  Forrest  An  Off.  from 
Col.  Adam's  Reigt,  to  visit  the  Barracks  to  Morrow. 

The  Genl  Court  martial  now  Setting  is  fully  Disolved. 


Head  Quarters  16th  May  1777 

A   Genl   Court   Martial   to   Sit   to   Morrow,  morning  at  9 
OClock  at  the  Meeting  House. 

Col.  Hall  Prisident 

Col.  Antle iC  2L 

Col.  Hall 1   C  1   L 

Col.  Stone   2C  2  L 

Col.  Adams iC  2L 

5  C  7  L 


60  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

The  Commissary  When  there  is  no  vegitables  to  be  had  is 
to  Deliver  (lower  to  the  Soldiers  in  Liew  of  their  Rations  of 
Rum. 

Feild  Off,  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Major  Stewart 

An  Off.  from  Col.  Antles  Rigt  to  Visit  the  Barracks  and 
Hospital. 

i  C,  I  L,  2  S,  2  C,  30  P  from  Col.  Stones  Detachment  to 
Parade  with  three  Days  Provisions  to  Morrow  Morning  to 
Relieve  the  Scout. 


Head  Quarters  17th  May  1777 

Field  Off.  of  the  day  Col.  Woodford  An  Officer  to  Visit 
the  Barracks  from  Col.  Adams. 


Head  Quarters  18th  May  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Col.  Stone. 
The  Adjutant  of  the  Congress'  own  Reigt  to  attend  at  Head 
Quarters  tomorrow,  to  Act  as  Adjt.  of  the  Day.  A  Court  of 
Inquiry  to  Sit  Tomorrow  morning  at  10  OClock.  Col.  Adams 
to  Sit  as  President  A  Capt.  from  each  Reigt  to  Attend  as  mem- 
bers this  Court  to  Inquire  into  the  Charges  Against  Daniel 
Williams  &  Ferguson  McClain,  Oonfin'd  on  Suspicion  of 
Having  held  Correspondence  with  the  Enemy,  and  Acting 
unfriendly  to  America;  the  Offs  of  the  Several  Corps  are 
desired  to  see  that  Proper  Returns  are  made  of  the  Waggons 
and  tents  that  are  Necessary  for  their  Respective  Reigts,  & 
the  Deputy  QrGl  is  to  Supply  them  Immediately  one  tent  only 
to  be  allowed  for  Six  men.  The  QrMGenl  of  the  Several 
Reigts  to  make  Return  of  what  Amunition  may  be  Wanting 
to  Compleat  each  man  to  24  Rounds. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  61 

£i  Head  Quarters  at  Princeton   19th  May   1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Col.  Stone. 

^h  Col.  Adams  to  furnish  the  Adjt.  of  the  day  The  Offs  of  the 

j3  Several  guards  are  Desired  if  one  Wm.   Delawin   Should  ap- 

«  pear  with  A  pass  from  his  Exellency  Genl  Washington  to  go 

£?  unto  Brunswick  that  they  cause  him  to  be  Sent  to  the  Genls 

x>  Quarters  Near  the  Colledge. 

rt  The  Court  of  Inquiry  appointed  to  Sit  yesterday  Are  also 

M  appointed  to  Inquire  unto  the  Conduct  of  Capt.  Ewing  in  the 

•£  Scrimage  with  the  Enemy  on  Thursday  last,  Capt.  Heron  and 

0  all  other  Witnesses  to  Attend  at  12  OClock  this  Day  and  wait 

•>  the  Courts  order. 

Q  Col.  Adams  to  be  Immediately  furneshed  with  A  Coppy  of 

3  this  order,  And  Capt.  Ewing  with  Another. 

*£  The  Genl  intreats  the  Offs  of  the  Several  Reigts  to  Improve 

-a  Every    Oppertunity    for    Menouvering    &    Desciplining    their 

c  Troops  and  he  further  Requests  them  to  be  perticularly  Care- 

|  full  to  have  the  Rolls  Called  twice  A  day.     As  Nothing  more 

^  Conducive  to  the  health  of  Soldiers  than  their  being  kept  neat 

§  &  clean,  the  Genl  Requests  the  Offs  to  be  Attentive  to  them, 

c  &  to  Confine  Such  as  will  not   (after  being  Admonished)   pay 

■J:  proper  attention  to  their  Dress  and  Appearance. 

J*  The  Morning  Reports  to  be  made  in  future  at  8  OClock, 

•75  The  Feild  Off.  day  is  to  be  regularlv  relieved  by  the  Field  Off. 
>-i 

c  of  the  Succeeding  day,  at  the  time  of  the  Guards  being  paraded, 

<u 

O  where  both  of  them  are  Requested  to  Attend  in  future. 

•~>  The  troop  is  to  beat  at  8  OClock  the  long  Roll  is  to  beat  in 

S  each   Reigt  at  half  past  Seven  at  which  time  the  Parade  for 

2  Guards  &  Fatagus  are  to  parade  Ready  to  march  to  the  Grand 

o  parade  as  Soon  as  the  Troops  begin  to  beat.     The  Adjts  of  the 
Several  Reigts  are  to  March  their  parties  on  &  Deliver  them 

£  over  to  the  Adjt  of  the  present  day,  who  is  to  Deliver  them 


62  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

over  to  the  Acljt  of  the  Preceiding.  The  Off.  of  Fatague, 
when  Such  as  is  appointed  is  to  attend  on  the  Parade  to  take 
Charge  of  the  fateague  party.  A  Subl.  &  20  men  for  fatague 
Tomorrow. 

All  the  Field  Offs  are  Desired  to  attend  at  head  Quarters 
this  Evening  at  6  OClock  except  those  on  Duty,  the  Adjt  to 
attend  orderly  time  at  Eleven  OClock  each  Day. 


Head  Quarters  Prince  Town  May  20th  1777 

Field  Officer  of  the  day  Major  Stuart,  Adjt  of  the  day  Col. 
Antill.  The  Troops  at  each  part  to  turn  out  at  Revellee'  beat- 
ing and  assemble  on  the  Grand  parade  and  remain  there  till  the 
sun  rises  up,  All  the  Officers  are  Desired  to  attend  the  Parade 
with,  their  Troops.  The  Drum  &  Fife  Majors  of  the  3  Reigts 
Stationed  at  Princeton,  and  one  Drummer  from  each  of  those 
Reigts  to  Attend  at  Head  Quarters  this  Afternoon  at  4  OClock 
to  receive  Some  orders  from  the  Genls  Aid  de  Camps,  the 
Qrms  of  the  Reigts  Stationed  at  Princeton  are  to  attend  at 
head  Quarters  at  5  OClock  this  Afternoon  all  non  Commis- 
sioned Offs  and  Soldiers  are  Strictly  forbid  to  hold  any  Corre- 
spondence or  Conversation  with  the  British  Soldiers  in  and 
about  this  town,  all  Commissioned  Offs  are  Directed  to  order 
under  Confinement,  any  non  Commissioned  Off.  or  Soldier 
which  they  may  discover  conversing  with  Such  British  Soldiers. 

The  Adjuts  are  in  future  to  have  the  Parole  and  Counter- 
sign delivered  out  to  give  at  orderly  time  Seal'd  up,  which  they 
are  not  to  open  till  Tattoo  beating,  &  then  Send  it  to  the  offs 
Commanding  the  guard,  in  their  Respective  Departments, 
Should  any  Sentry  Desert  his  post,  After  the  Countersign  is 
given,  the  Commanding  Off.  is  to  Alter  the  Counter  Sign  in 
the  Departments,  notice  of  which  is  to  be  immediatly  Sent  to 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  63 

Head  Quarters,  The  Sutlers  in  and  about  Princeton  to  make 
Returns  to  the  Adjt  Qm.  Genl  of  their  Names  and  the  man- 
ner of  appointment  As  soon  as  possible.  Col.  Hall  Command- 
ing at  Rock'y  hill  is  ordered  to  Send  And  relieve  Col.  Stone's 
Scouting  Party,  Consisting  1  Capt.  2  Subs  2  Serjts  2  Corps  & 
Forty  Privates,  this  Evening  at  6  OClock  they  to  provide 
themselves  with  4  days  Provision. 


Head  Quarters  21st  May  1777 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  Major  Howard,  Adjt  of  the  Day 
from  Col.  Adams,  Patrick  McCallaster  of  Capt.  Kirkwood's 
Comp.  of  the  Delaware  Reigt  Sentenced  by  a  Genl  Court 
Martial  to  Receive  50  Lashes  for  Stealing  a  Rifle  &  Selling  the 
Same,  the  Genl  approves  of  the  Sentence,  &  orders  it  to  be  put 
in  execution  at  the  head  of  the  Reigt  tomorrow  morning  at 
Guard  Mounting. 

Jas  Collins  of  the  2nd  Maryland  Reigt  Sentenced  by  the 
Court  to  Receive  100  Lashes  for  Desertion,  the  Genl  Approves 
the  Sentence  &  orders  it  to  be  put  in  Execution  at  the  head  of 
the  Reigt  to  morrow  morning  at  8  OClock,  Peter  Robinson  of 
Capt.  Herons  Comp.  Col.  Hazens  Reigt,  tryed  for  Leaving  his 
post  &  for  Desertion,  Sentenced  to  Receive  100  Lashes  for  each 
offence,  the  Genl  approves  the  Sentence,  &  orders  the  Execu- 
tion tomorrow  morning  at  8  OClock  at  the  head  of  the  Reigt. 

Hanna  Taylor  tryed  for  persuaiding  the  Soldiers  to  Desert, 
found  not  guilty  the  Genl  orders  her  immediatly  Released. 

John  Chard  2nd  Maryland  Reigt  tried  at  the  Same  Court 
for  Sleeping  on  his  post  Sentenced  to  Receive  100  Lashes  well 
laid  on,  the  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence,  &  orders  it  to  be 
executed   at  the   head   of   the   Reigt   tomorrow  morning  at   8 


64  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

OClock  the  Court  Martial  to  Sit  again  to  morrow  morning  at 
9  OClock  to  try  Such  persons  as  may  be  brought  before  them. 

Fergusson  M'Clain  trued  at  a  Court  of  enquiry  on  Suspicion 
of  being  an  enemy  to  his  Country. 

The  Court  finding  no  evidence  against  him,  the  Genl  orders 
his  immediat  Release. 

A  Return  of  the  Drums  &  fifes  wanting  in  the  Several 
Reigts  are  to  be  made  immediately. 


Head  Quarters  May  22nd   1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Major  Taylor. 
Adjut.  of  the  Day  Col.  Adams  Adjt. 
A  Weekly  Return  of  All  the  troops  in  this  Department  to 
be  made  at  Head  Quarters  on  Saterday  at  orderly  time. 

The  Court  of  Inquiry  Already  apponted  are  to  enquire  into 
the  Conduct  of  Mary  Quin  Confin'd  on  Suspicion  of  being  an 
Enemy  to  her  Country,  Also  into  the  Conduct  of  Daniel  Wil- 
liams, &  John  Jakel  taken  up  going  to  the  Enemy,  all  Wit- 
nesses to  attend  tomorrow  morning  at  nine  OClock. 


Head  Quarters  23rd  May  1777 

Feild  off.  of  the  Day 

Adjt  of  the  Day 
Barbara  Bowie  tryed  by  A  Genl   Court   Martial   for   Per- 
suaiding  the  Soldiers  to  Desert  &  found  not  guilty. 

The  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  &  orders  her  Release. 

(May  23rd   1777) 
Hugh  Wallace  of  Col.  Hazen's  Reigt  tryed  for  Desertion, 
from  that  Reigt  &  Joining  in  Another  of  the  Maryland  Reigts 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKJVOOD  65 

into  which  he  had  previously  Inlisted.  The  Court  Adjudge 
him  to  refund  the  money  he  Rec'd  of  the  Off.  in  Col.  Hazen's 
Reigt  though  the  Genl  Supposes  the  Court  must  have  had 
some  Mittigating  Evidence  before  them,  in  favor  of  the  Pris- 
oner, beside  what  accompanies  the  Sentence  to  Induce  them  to 
Pass  so  faivourable  A  Sentence  Yet  he  finds  himself  oblidged 
to  Disaprove  it  on  account  of  its  Incertainty,  &  orders  the 
Prisoner  to  Remain  for  further  Consideration,  the  Genl  orders 
for  the  future  the  Judge  Advocate  to  take  down  in  writing  the 
whole  Evidences  &  furnish  him  with  A  Coppy  at  the  time  he 
Received  the  Proceedings  of  the  Court  Martial. 

The  Court  finding  no  evidence  against  Danl  Williams  John 
Jakel,  Danl  McGuire,  &  James  Robinson,  the  Genl  orders 
their  immediet  Release. 

The  Genl  Cannot  forbear  expressing  his  astonishment  at 
the  number  of  prisoners,  Dailey  confined  in  this  Department 
as  those  Prisoners  as  well  as  the  Rest  of  the  Soldery  are  pos- 
sessed of  Rational  faculties,  He  desires  them  Seriously  to  Re- 
flect on  the  Differrence  that  Soldiers  Situation — who  Consious 
of  Doing  his  duty  Fears  no  Punishment  &  Reasonably  expects 
favour,  Countenance  and  prefirment,  and  that  of  a  Soldier 
whose  Constant  beheavour  Exposes  him  to  the  Censure  of  his 
Country,  the  Resentment  of  his  Offs,  and  the  Several  Punish- 
ments by  Sentence  of  Court  Martials:  punishment  not  only 
hard  to  endure,  but  must  in  their  Consequences  make  them 
infamous  among  their  fellow  Country  men  forever  After,  it 
is  truly  astonishing  that  Considerations  of  the  Sort  Should 
have  escaped  the  Lowest  Soldier  and  what  is  yet  more  Surpris- 
ing is  that  there  Should  be  persons  in  the  American  Army  so 
Lost  to  every  principal  of  virtue,  &  Since  of  his  own  Happi- 
ness as  to  Attempt  Desertion  to  an  Enemy  Already  Destressed 
by  famine  and  worn  out  with  fatigue,  and  who  Dailey  live  in 


66  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

fearfull  expectation  of  feeling  the  Weight  of  American  Resent- 
ment, that  this  is  the  Situation  of  the  British  Army  at  present 
all  the  prisoners  and  Deserters  agree.  And  the  wreched  Regu- 
lars now  among  them  with  tears  Confess  it  to  their  friends 
when  among  them,  while  all  Europe  is  arming  in  favour  of 
the  Americans,  while  volunteers  from  all  the  States  in  Europe 
are  coming  into  venture  their  Lives  in  favour  of  American 
freedom  and  while  the  Enemy  Acknowledges  that  they  have 
no  prospect  of  Conquering  this  Country,  what  can  Induce 
Persons  to  Desert  to  Such  A  Wreched  Enemy,  who  have  dis- 
tinguished themselves  by  their  Cruelty  to  the  misguided  Sol- 
diers who  have  Deserted  to  them,  as  by  their  inhumanity  to 
the  Inhabitants  of  this  State  who  have  fallen  into  their  Power. 

The  Sentence  of  A  Genl  Court  Martial  ordering  Richd 
Burrest  of  Col.  Hazen's  Reigt  to  be  Shot  for  Desertion  is 
approved  the  time  for  execution  will  be  fixed  in  future  orders. 

The  Bakers  in  the  Several  Reigts  to  Attend  the  Commissary 
to  morrow  morning  at  Eight  OClock  and  Receive  his  orders. 


Head  Quarters  24  May  1777 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  to  Morrow  Col.  Antill. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Antills  Adjt. 

The  Commander  in  Cheif  positively  Directs  that  all  offs. 
Stationed  at  out  posts  do  not  Come  to  Morristown  but  when 
their  Business  Absolutely  Requires  it,  and  in  that  case  that 
they  Return  to  their  posts  with  all  possible  expedition. 

Thos.  Mullen  Esqr.  is  appointed  Brigade  Major  to  Brigadr 
Genl  Debarre  &  is  to  be  respected  &  obey'd  as  Such,  A  number 
of  Horses  having  been  Drawn  from  the  QrM.   Gnl  for  per- 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  67 

ticular  Services  &  not  Returned  when  the  Business  was  per- 
formed, all  Offs  of  Regts  &  others  in  possession  of  Horses 
Belonging  to  or  hired  by  the  States,  are  immedietly  to  return 
to  the  QrM.  Genl  his  Deputy  or  Assistants  in  the  Districts 
they  may  be  at,  the  Genl  Offs  are  to  order  Returns  to  be  made 
of  any  publick  horses  imployed  in  their  families  that  the  States 
of  the  Horses  Belonging  to  the  Army  may  be  known. 

Valantine  Peers  Esqr.  is  appointed  Brigade  Major  to  Briga- 
dier Genl  Weeden  &  is  to  be  Respected  and  Obey'd  as  Such, 
Lewis  Woodruff  Esqr.  is  appointed  deputy  Muster  Master 
Cols  &  Commanding  Offs  of  Regts  and  Corps  must  Cause  their 
Reigmental  Paymasters  to  make  up  their  pay  Abstracts  to  the 
30th  day  of  April  or  exclusive,  &  order  them  to  attend  to  the 
paymaster  Genls  office  for  the  money,  they  must  be  examined 
&  Signed  by  their  Respective  Commanding  Offs  &  Brigadiers 
who  Will  Diligently  Compare  them  with  the  dailey  &  weekly 
Reigmental  Returns  &  Certify  them,  the  Company  Abstracts 
must  be  Deliver'd  into  the  paymaster  Genl  with  the  Regtl 
abstracts  that  the  great  and  necessary  purpose  of  Adjusting  the 
Rank  of  all  the  Offs  in  the  American  Army  may  be  effected 
with  all  expedition  his  exellency  the  Commander  in  Cheif,  is 
pleas'd  to  order  that  the  Feild  Offs  of  each  Continental  Batt. 
do  immediatly  examine  into  the  present  Rank  and  hear  their 
pretentions  thereto,  of  all  the  Capts  &  Subalterns,  Settle  them 
where  they  Can  to  the  Satisfaction  of  all  the  Gentlemen  Con- 
cerned and  make  a  full  &  fair  Report  of  all  their  proceedings 
to  the  Brigadier  commanding  their  Brigade;  &  that  the  Brig- 
adiers with  the  Assistance  of  the  field  Offs  of  their  Brigade 
do  upon  the  reports  of  such,  proceed  to  Adjust  the  Rank  of 
all  their  Offs  in  the  Seperate  Brigades  and  make  a  full  and 
fair  Report  of  their  proceedings.     To  the  Major  Genl  Com- 


68  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

manding  their  Divisions  that  Should  there  be  any  instance  of 
Dissatisfaction  in  the  Offs  they  Candidly  inumerate  by  such 
Feild  Offs  and  parties  Complaining  with  all  their  attending 
Circumstances  &  Report  it  to  their  respective  Brigades  Who 
Shall  Call  before  them  all  parties  interested  enquiring  into 
their  Claims  (&  if  it  Cannot  be  settled  with  Satisfaction) 
make  A  Special  &  Particular  Report  to  their  Major  Genl  upon 
receipt  of  which  Several  Reports;  A  board  of  Offs  will  take 
a  Dispationate  Comparative  view  of  the  whole  &  Determine 
the  Rank  in  the  Army,  untill  which  time  it  is  expected  the 
Service  will  not  be  injured,  in  Disputes  about  Rank,  but  that 
every  Off.  will  by  an  emolous  Discharge  of  his  Duty  recom- 
mend him  Self  to  his  Country,  &  to  the  promotion  he  ranks 
himself  intitled  to. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  25th  May  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Majr  Forrest. 
Adjt  of  the  Day  Col.  Adam's  Adjt. 

All  the  Troops  Stationed  at  Princeton  except  those  on 
guard  &  fatague  to  Parade  for  Exercise  to  morrow  10  OClock 
forenoon,  The  Sentence  Against  Hugh  Wallace  being  ex- 
plained to  the  Genls  Satisfaction  the  Genl  Approves  the  Sen- 
tence and  orders  that  as  Soon  as  he  refunds  the  Money  Reed 
of  Col.  Hazen's  Off.  or  of  the  Off.  with  whome  he  Stands 
Inlisted  in  the  Maryland  Regt  will  become  Responsible  for  it; 
the  Said  Wallace  be  Released  from  his  Confinement  and  return 
to  his  Duty  in  the  Maryland  Regt. 

The  Qrm.  to  See  the  Bridge  near  Kingston  mended  as  Soon 
as  possible. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  69 

Head  Quarters  May  26th  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Majr  Stewart. 
Adjt  of  the  Day  Col.  Antles  adjt. 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  to  Sit  to  morrow  morning  at  9 
OClock  to  try  Such  matters  as  may  be  brought  before  them. 
The  Court  of  Inquiry  to  Sit  at  the  Same  time  to  Inquire  into 
A  Complaint  against  Capt.  McConnel,  for  withholding  the 
Bounty  money  from  Jas  Irwing  also  to  Inquire  into  the  Con- 
duct of  Ens.  Hook  Accused  of  Embezling  Stores,  the  Court 
Martial  to  try  the  Complaint  of  Capt.  Herons  against  Capt. 
Ewings  for  misbehaving  before  the  Enemy — The  troops  at 
Rockey  hill  and  Kingston  to  parade  at  Kingston  to  morrow 
three  OClock  afternoon  for  Exercise. 

As  Catridges  are  now  arrived  the  QrMasters  are  to  make  an 
Immediet  Return  and  Draw  what  is  wanting  to  Compleat  each 
man  to  24  Rounds  all  firing  is  forbid  without  Special  orders. 

All  the  Armourers  and  Smiths  in  the  Several  Regts  to  appear 
at  Head  Quarters  to  morrow  morning  9  OClock. 

The  Genl  is  Surprised  that  there  has  not  been  more  atten- 
tion Paid  to  the  orders  of  the  21st  Inst.  Relative  to  A  Return 
of  the  Drums  and  fifes  Wanting  in  the  Several  Regts. 

The  Genl  Strictly  Injoins  it  upon  all  Offs  of  guards  and 
other  Offs  that  when  A  Considerable  firing  of  Cannon  or 
Musketry  is  heard,  they  give  him  immediate  notice  of  it;  the 
Adjt  of  the  Day  is  to  furnish  the  Captains  of  the  Main  Guard 
with  the  Countersign. 


7o  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Qurts  Princeton  27th  May  1777 
Off.  of  the  Day  Major  Stewart. 
Adjt  of  the  Day  Col.  Adams. 
Genl  orders,  all  the  Carpenters  &  Wheelrights  at  Princeton 
to  parade  at  Head  Qurts  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock.  A 
Scouting  party  Consisting  of  one  Capt.  one  Subl.  two  Serjts 
two  Corpls  &  36  privates  ordered  out  of  Col.  Stones  Regt 
to  Relieve  A  Scouting  party  at  the  Quaker  Meeting  house  on 
Brunswick  Road,  to  be  on  the  ground  to  morrow  morning  at  9 
OClock  to  try  Lt.  Sanford  for  Neglect  of  Duty  &  Lt.  Hanson 
for  the  Same  Offence  the  Genl  expects  in  future  when  any  Off. 
puts  another  in  Arrest  they  will  immedietly  Report  it  at 
Head  Quarters  with  A  Coppy  of  the  Charge  Similar  to  that 
which  he  leaves  with  the  Off.  arrested,  the  Genl  Strictly  en- 
joins it  upon  all  offs  to  use  their  utmost  endeavours  to  appre- 
hend all  persons  who  Shall  be  found  Discharging  their  piece  in 
and  about  the  Camp  that  they  may  be  punished.  The  Court 
of  enquiry  that  was  Ordered  to  Sit  upon  Capt.  M  Connell  is  a 
mistake,  so  it  appears  that  James  Irving  was  not  Inlisted  with 
Capt.  M  Connel  but  with  Capt.  Burns;  Majr  Taylor  to  Sit 
as  President  of  the  Court  of  Inquiry  to  day  in  the  Room  of 
Lt.  Col.  Adams  who  is  Sick. 

The  guard  to  be  furnished  with  one  Subl.  only;  as  nothing 
Can  be  attended  with  worse  consequences  than  the  Issuing  out 
a  Wrong  Countersign.  The  Genl  orders  that  in  Case  any 
Such  thing  Should  again  happen  that  the  Off.  of  the  Day,  put 
in  arrest  the  Off.  who  has  given  it  out.  As  frequent  Com- 
plaints has  been  made  of  the  Remisness  &  Ignorance  of  the 
Kingston  guards,  the  Genl  Desires  those  Offs  acquainted  with 
Camp  Duty  to  instruct  the  younger  Offs  in  that  Department, 
that  an  end  may  be  put  to  Such  Complaints  and  the  Duty  done 
in  a  Soldier  Like  manner. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  71 

Princeton  28th  May  1777 
Reigmental  Orders 

A  Reigmental  Court  Martial  to  be  held  this  Day  at  9 
OClock  for  the  Tryal  of  Several  Prisoners  of  the  Delaware 
Reigt  Commanded  by  Col.  David  Hall;  Whereof  Capt.  Robt 
Kirkwood  is  president. 

Lt.  Queenault  "1  fLt.  Duff 

Lt.  Bratten  I  Ens.  Horsman 

The  Court  Adjourned  to  9  OClock  Thursday  morning  29th 
May. 


Head  Qrts  Princeton  29th  May  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Col.  Woodford. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Antle's  Adjt. 

Wm.  Applegate  tryed  by  Genl  Court  Martial  for  Desertion 
no  Evidence  appearing  to  the  Court  against  him  the  Genl  or- 
ders him  to  be  Released;  Alxr  Cook  tryed  by  the  Same  Court 
for  Desertion;  the  Court  finds  that  he  inlisted  in  another  Regt 
through  ignorance  and  not  with  any  evil  Design,  &  that  he  has 
always  behaved  as  A  good  Soldier,  and  Adjudge  that  twenty 
Shillings  be  Stopped  out  of  his  Wages,  for  the  use  of  the  Sick 
in  the  Regt  to  which  he  Belongs,  and  that  he  do  Duty  in  Col. 
Hazens  Regt  till  his  proper  officer  (of  the  7th  Pensulvania 
Regt  apply  for  him. 

James  Duffy  tryed  at  the  Same  Court  for  Desertion  the 
Court  finding  no  evidence  against  him,  the  Genl  orders  his 
Release,  &  that  he  Joines  Capt.  Tories  Company. 

Alaxander  Graham  tried  by  the  Same  Court  for  Desertion, 
the  Court  finding  no  evidence  Against  him  orders  him  to  Join 
Capt.  Tories  Company  till  Capt.  Wilson  is  present;  the  Genl 


72  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

orders  him  to  be  released  from  the  guard  house  &  that  he  Con- 
tinue in  Capt.  Tories  Company  till  Capt.  Wilson  is  present. 

The  troops  at  Princeton  to  Assembel  for  exercise  to  morrow 
morning  at  io  OClock  at  the  Grand  parade,  to  have  Wooden 
knockers  instead  of  flints,  all  the  guns  to  be  Drawn  that  may 
be  Loaded ;  As  nothing  in  War  is  so  essentially  Necessary  as 
the  instructing  Troops  in  the  Loading  and  firing  motions,  & 
in  the  Different  Manuevres,  the  Genl  Desires  all  the  Offs  to 
pay  perticular  attention  to  these  essential  points  &  not  to  let 
too  much  time  be  spent  upon  the  unessensial  parts  of  the  Man- 
uel Exercise  which  in  time  of  Action  can  be  but  of  little  use. 

The  Genl  Strictly  orders  that  no  Horses  be  turned  into  any 
persons  inclosure  but  by  order  of  the  Qrm.  G,  Forrage  MrGl 
Waggon  Mr  G,  or  their  Deputies  or  assistants. 

The  Genl  Desires  that  in  future  all  Soldiers  for  Small 
offences  be  Confin'd  in  Qrtr  guards,  and  tryed  by  Reigmental 
Court  Martials,  also  in  future  one  Subl.  at  least  is  to  be  with 
every  fatague  party. 


Head  Quarters  29th  May  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day,  to  morrow  Lt.  Col.  Antle. 

Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Adam's  Adjt. 
The  Court  of  Inquiry  now  Sitting  to  inquire  into  the  Com- 
plaint against  Mary  Quin,  and  Elizabeth  Brewer  Confined  on 
Suspicion  of  being  an  enemy  to  their  Country. 


Head  Quarters  29th  May  1777 

Proceedings  of  a  Genl  Court  Martial  held  this  day  by  the 
Delaware  Regt  Commanded  by  Col.  David  Hall  for  the  Tryal 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  73 

of    the    undermentioned     Prisoners     belonging     to    s'd     Regt 
Whereof  Capt.  Robt  Kirkwood  is  Prisident. 

Lt.  Queenault  "1  fLt.  Duff 

t       ti  r  members  J  _        TT 

Lt.  Brattan  )  Ens.  Hpsman 

Saml  McMurry  of  Capt.  Andersons  Copany  Confin'd  10th 
May  by  Lt.  Col.  Antle  for  being  Drunk. 

Prisoner  being  Call'd  pleads  not  guilty,  and  no  evidence  ap- 
pearing against  him  this  Court  is  of  Opinion  that  he  ought 
to  be  Released  from  his  confinement,  therefore  orders  him  to 
Join  his  Company. 

George  Connoly,  a  Soldier  in  the  Same  Company  Confin'd 
27th  May  by  Serjt  Murphy  for  Drunkeness  &  on  Suspicion  of 
Theft. 

Evidence — James  Bennet  a  Soldier  in  the  Same  Company, 
being  duly  Sworn  deposeth  that  he  told  him  that 
he  had  found  A  pocket  book  with  about  twenty 
pounds  in  it,  that  he  Could  now  give  him  A 
treat,  &  Shewed  him  an  eight  Dollar  bill,  &  he 
Saw  Some  other  bils  in  his  hand. 

The  Prisoner  on  his  Defence  Sayeth  that  he  had  but  A  four 
Dollar  bill  that  he  Reed  of  his  Capt.  and  further  Sayeth  that 
he  had  an  eight  Dollar  Bill  between  him  and  his  Comrade. 

From  Circumstances  wich  appear  after  the  evidence  was 
duely  Examined,  the  Court  are  of  opinion  the  Prisoner  is 
guilty  of  the  Crimes  Laid  against  him,  and  do  Sentence  him 
to  25  Lashes  well  Laid  on  for  being  drunk  &  150  lashes  well 
laid  on  for  theift;  and  what  pay  may  be  Due  him  to  the  1st 
May,  stopt  and  25/c  pr  month  after  that  time  untill  he 
Refunds  the  Sum  of  Twenty  pound  twelve  Shillings  &  Six- 
pence. 


74  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Richard  Garret  a  Soldier  in  the  Same  Compy  Confin'd  27th 
May  by  Serjt  Murphy  for  Drunkeness. 

The  Prisoner  being  Calld  pleads  not  guilty. 

Evidence — Serjt  Murphy  being  Duly  Sworn  deposeth  that 

the  prisoner  was  drunk  and  he  thought  unfit  for 

Duty,   but  that  he   is  a  Quiet   harmless   fellow 

when   Sober,   &  that  he  never  Saw  him  drunk 

before. 

Prisoner  in  his  Defence  Saith,  that  being  ordered  on  A  party 

with  Capt.  Anderson,  and  on  his  Return  from  the  party,  was 

put  on  guard  and  on   fatague  till  with   in   Some   few  hours 

before  he  was  Confin'd  and  therefore  Left  it  to  the  Court  to 

Judge  if  he  had  time  to  get  Drunk,  from  Circumstances  that 

appears  after  the  evidence  was  called  and  Duely  examined,  the 

Court  are  of  opinion  that  the  prisoner  is  guilty  of  the  Crime 

of   Drunkeness,   but  taking   into   Consideration  the   Character 

he  bears  when  Sober,  &  that  he  is  not  apt  to  be  in  Liquor, 

and  being  the  first  time  he  has  been  Confin'd  for  any  fault 

Do  acquit  him,  on  Conditions  that  he  promises  to  do  the  Like 

no  More. 

Head  Quarters  Princeton  30th  May  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Majr  Howard. 
Adjt.  of  the  day  Col.  Antles  Adjt. 
Lt.  Sanford  Tryed  by  A  Genl  Court  Martial  for  behaving 
Unlike  A  Gentleman  and  an  Off.  to  Capt.  O'Hara,  the  Court 
find  him  not  guilty  of  the  Charge,  the  Genl  approves  the  Sen- 
tence and  orders  that  he  Return  to  his  duty. 

The  troops  at  Kingston  &  Rocky  hill  to  Assembel  to  Mor- 
row three  OClock  afternoon;  the  Soldiers  are  to  have  wooden 
knockers  instead  of  flints. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  75 

Head  Quarters  Princeton  31st  May  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Col.  Gunby. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Adam's  Adjt. 

The  Court  Martial  Whereof  Col.  Hall  is  President  to  Sit 
on  Monday  Morning  9  OClock  to  try  Capt.  Longstreet,  who 
is  Arrested  by  Majr  Taylor,  for  making  use  of  Impertinent  & 
Abusefull  Language  to  him,  unbecoming  an  Off.  or  Soldier. 

A  Return  to  be  made  Immediatly  of  all  the  Catridges  on 
hand,  the  Off.  Commanding  the  Several  Regts  are  to  See  that 
their  arms  &  accoutriments  are  in  good  order  and  fit  for 
Action. 

The  QrMaster  is  once  more  Requested  to  furnish  the  Sev- 
eral Regts  with  their  Quoto  of  Waggons  Immediatly. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  June  1st  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Lt.  Col.  Ramsey. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Antle's  Adjt. 

Capt.  Ewing  tryed  by  A  Genl  Court  Martial  for  Misbe- 
having before  the  Enemy,  the  Court  are  of  opinion  that  the 
Charge  has  Some  foundation  as  he  did  not  Act  in  Conjunction 
with  Capt.  Heron  According  to  his  agreement,  or  give  him 
notice  when  he  went  off — but  as  the  Circumstance  of  his  not 
being  made  Acquainted  with  the  Signal  agree'd  on  Between 
Capt.  Longstreet,  &  Capt.  Heron  and  his  former  good  Con- 
duct Appeard  in  mittigation  of  the  offence  the  Court  Sentence 
him  to  be  Reprimanded  by  the  Genl  in  presence  of  Capt. 
Heron — The  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  &  orders  him  and 
Capt.  Heron  to  Attend  at  Head  Quarters,  or  as  Soon  as  Capt. 
Heron  Returns,  all  the  Soldiers  to  furnish  themselves  to  Day 


76  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

with  two  Days  Provisions  Ready  Dressed  &  hold  themselves 
to  march  on  the  Shortest  notice. 

The  QrMaster  &  Commissary  to  Acquaint  themselves  every 
day  with  the  Genl  orders,  &  Send  Some  person  to  take  them 
off  and  take  the  Countersign. 

After  orders  will  be  issued  this  Day  at  5  OClock  P.  M. 
All  Adjts  and  others  whose  business  it  is  to  take  off  orders  to 
attend  punctually. 

The  Off.  of  the  Day  by  no  means  to  go  the  Grand  Rounds 
without  a  Serjt  and  proper  escort  when  Gr.  Rounds  are  to 
be  performed  on  Horseback,  it  is  usual  for  him  to  take  Some 
officers  of  the  Regt  to  which  he  belongs  &  A  Serjt  with  him 
on  horseback. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  June  2nd  1777 
Parole  Washington  C.  S.  Stephens. 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Col.  Stone. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Gunby's  Adjt. 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  w-hereof  Col.  Hall  is  Prisident 
that  was  to  Sit  to  Day  is  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  9  OClock. 

Col.  Stone  to  Send  A  party  Consisting  of  1  C,  1  L,  2  S,  2  C, 
36  P  to  Releive  a  Scouting  party  on  Brunswick  Road  at  or 
near  the  Quaker  Meeting  house  to  be  on  the  ground  tomorrow 
morning  at  9  OClock  well  equip't  with  five  Days  Provisions. 

Col.  Stone  to  give  them  their  Necessary  orders. 


Head  Quarters  June  3rd  Princeton  1777 

Feild  off.  of  the  Day  to  morrow  Majr  Forrest,  Adjt.  of  the 
Day  Col.  Harzen's 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  77 

Head  Quarters  Princeton  June  4th  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Majr  Stewart. 

Adjt.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Col.  Hazen's  Adjt. 

The  Adjt.  in  future  to  take  of  orders  themselves  unless  when 
Sick  or  Absent  from  their  Regt.  And  then  A  Subaltern  must 
take  the  orders. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  June  5th  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  to  morrow  Majr  Stewart. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Hazen's  Adjt. 

The  Court  Martial  Whereof  Col.  Hall  is  President  is  Ad- 
journed. A  Genl  Court  Martial  to  Sit  at  ten  OClock  this 
Morning  to  try  Deserters  Col.  Gunby  President,  Col.  Hazen 
to  furnish  Out  of  his  Regt  only  for  to  day  4  C,  4  L.  Col. 
Gunbys  Regt  to  furnish  1  C,  1  L,  the  Del.  Reigt  to  furnish 
1  C,  1  L.  The  Troops  at  Princeton  to  furnish  A  party  to  Re- 
lieve A  Scouting  party  on  the  Brunswick  Road  at  or  near  the 
Quaquer  Meeting  house,  to  be  on  the  ground  tomorrow  morn- 
ing 9  OClock  the  Party  to  Consist  of  1  C,  3  L,  4  S,  4  C, 
100  P  Well  equipt  with  five  Days  provisions. 

A  party  to  be  Sent  from  the  3  Regts  at  Princeton  to  Relieve 
Capt.  Heron  at  Cranbury  to  Consist  of  1  C,  1  L,  4  S,  4  C, 
60  P. 

A  Genl  Court  Martial  to  Sit  to  morrow  morning  at  9 
OClock  to  try  Such  matters  a  Shall  be  laid  before  them,  Col. 
Gunby  President. 

Col.  Hall  to  furnish  1  C,  1  L  as  members;  Col.  Stones  to 
Summon  from  the  3  Regts  under  his  Command  2  C,  3  L  as 
members  of  Sd  Court.     Col.  Hazen  to  furnish  from  his  Regt 


78  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

2  C,  2  L  Col.  Gunby  to  furnish  i  C,  i  L  and  the  D.  Regt 
i  L  all  to  be  members  of  the  Genl  Court  Martial.  The  Genl 
flattered  himself  that  tenderness  to  all  Soldiers  under  his  Com- 
mand, and  A  Proper  attention  to  this  Comfort,  when  Join'd 
With  due  Consideration  of  the  Justice  of  the  Cause  we  are 
engaged  in,  would  Strongly  operate  to  Prevent  Desertions;  but 
finding  Some  Soldiers  are  deaf  to  all  calls  of  Justice  &  Reason, 
&  void  of  these  gratefull  feelings  which  every  Soldier  Should 
possess,  when  treated  with  tenderness  &  Humanity,  he  finds 
himself  under  the  Disagreeable  Necessaty,  to  punish  Deserters 
with  the  greatest  Rigour,  therefore  orders  that  Richd  Burress 
be  Shot  on  the  Publick  parade  between  the  hours  of  ten  in  the 
forenoon  &  two  in  the  Afternoon  tomorrow. 

That  the  Court  Martials  in  future  try  Persons  for  Desertion 
before  they  proceed  to  any  other  Business,  that  they  may  be 
punished  as  Soon  as  possible;  he  further  orders  the  Offs  Com- 
manding the  Scouting  parties,  &  out  parties  that  if  any  of  their 
party  attempt  to  Desert  and  are  Retaken  that  they  Cause  them 
Instantly  to  be  hanged  or  Shot  on  the  Spot,  he  further  orders 
that  when  any  of  our  out  Guards  Discover  any  Soldier  attempt- 
ing to  Desert  to  the  Enemy  that  they  Immedietly  fire  on  them 
&  kill  them  on  the  ground.  Every  Soldier  who  may  in  future 
be  Discovered  near  our  advanc'd  lines  without  A  pass  in  Writ- 
ing Shall  be  Deem'd  Deserters,  &  punished  as  Such  without 
further  evidence;  that  no  plea  of  Ignorance  of  orders  may  be 
offered  in  excuse.  The  Genl  orders  that  all  orders  be  Read  at 
the  head  of  the  Companies  at  Roll  Calling  in  the  Evening  &  at 
the  head  of  the  Companies  in  the  morning  at  Roll  Calling,  and 
that  every  Capt.  of  a  guard,  or  picket,  or  Scouting  party  Shall 
Before  he  Dismisses  his  party  Cause  all  orders  Issued  while  he 
was  on  Duty  to  be  Distinctly  Read  to  them,  Copy  of  these 
orders  to  be  immedietly  Communicated  to  the  Offs  Command- 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  79 

ing  at  the  out  posts  &  to  the  Commanding  offs  at  Cranbery. 
The  Genl  Court  Martial  that  is  to  Sit  tomorrow  is  to  try  Lt. 
Price  who  is  under  arrest  for  Neglect  of  Duty  when  on  guard. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  6th  June  1777  P  Hancock,  C  L 
Trumbull 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Col.  Hall. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  to  morrow  Col.  Harzen's  Adjt. 
James  Irving  tried  by  A  Genl  Court  Martial  for  Deserting, 
found  guilty,  the  Court  Sentence  him  to  receive  100  Lashes  on 
his  Bare  back.  Thos.  Larkin  tried  by  a  Genl  Court  Martial, 
being  Charged  with  an  Intention  to  Desert.  Upon  a  full  ex- 
amination the  Court  think  proper  to  Acquit  him,  the  Genl 
approves  the  Sentence  And  orders  him  to  be  immedietly  Re- 
leased from  his  Confinement  And  to  go  in  his  Regt. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  7th  June  1777  Pari.  Arnold  C  S 
Scott 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Lt.  Col.  Woolford. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Hazens  Adjt. 

Robt  Buckannon  is  appointed  Judge  advocate  unto  this 
Division  untill  further  orders.  The  Genl  Directs  that  all  the 
pay  Rolls  be  made  up  untill  the  30th  of  April  agreeable  to 
former  orders,  the  Pay  Drawn  and  all  the  men  paid  off  imme- 
dietly; Francis  Ward  and  Henery  Barrier,  both  tried  by  a 
Genl  Court  Martial  for  attempting  to  Desert  to  the  enemy  the 
Court  finds  them  guilty  and  Sentence  them  to  Suffer  Death, 
his  Exellency  Genl  Washington  has  Approv'd  the  Sentence  the 
time  of  execution  will  be  notified  in  future  orders. 


80  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

The  following  Regts  are  of  Genl  De  Boris  Brigade;  Col. 
Hazens,  2nd  Maryland,  Col.  Price,  4th  do.  Col.  Hall,  6th  do. 
Col.  Williams,  Genl  De  Bore  is  to  take  Command  of  his 
Brigade  &  march  those  Regts  at  Princeton  to  Kingston  &  take 
possession  of  Kingston,  Rockey  hill  &  Scudders  mill,  he  is  to 
furnish  the  Picquet  at  the  7  Mile  Tavren,  also  the  guards  at 
Greggs  tavren,  all  the  other  troops  Belonging  to  the  Division 
of  the  Army  are  to  march  to  Princeton;  &  take  up  the  ground 
of  Encampment;  the  Troops  to  prepare  to  Day  and  to  March 
to  Morrow  at  9  O Clock. 

A  Corporal  &  4  Men  to  be  Sent  Dailey  from  the  Main 
guard  to  Obdikes  hill  to  guard  the  Beacon  the  Corporal  to  take 
his  orders  from  Head  Quarters,  the  Main  guard  to  furnish  A 
Sentry  at  the  Beacon  at  Princeton  daily. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  June  8th  1777 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Col.  Antill. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  Col.  Ramseys  Adjt. 

Lt.  Price  tryed  by  a  Genl  Court  Martial  for  neglect  of 
Duty  when  on  guard,  found  guilty  and  Sentenced  to  be  Repri- 
manded By  the  Genl  in  prisence  of  Col.  Stone  is  also  required 
to  Attend  Wm.  Steel  &  Thomas  Jonston  of  Capt.  Henerys 
Company  5th  Maryland  Regt,  tried  by  the  Same  Court  for 
Attempting  to  Desert  &  Sentenced  to  Receive  100  Lashes  each 
the  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  &  orders  them  to  be  put  in 
execution  to  morrow  morning  at  guard  Mounting.  Col.  Stone 
to  take  command  of  Genl  Smallwoods  Brigade  till  further 
orders,  he  is  to  appoint  Some  Suitable  person  to  Act  as  Brigade 
Major,   no   light  horse   is   to   Stand    Sentry  on   our   advanced 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  81 

posts,  but  Remain  in  the  Rear  Ready  to  give  intilligence  of 
the  Enemys  movement  if  necessary  all  the  Mecanicks  of  Genl 
Smallwoods  Brigade  to  attend  upon  the  Assistant  QrMaster 
General  tomorrow  morning  at  8  OCloclc  to  Receive  his  orders. 
The  Court  of  Inquiry  Whereof  Majr  Taylor  is  president 
is  Disolved;  The  troops  at  princeton  to  furnish  A  Scouting 
party  Consisting  of  i  C,  2  L,  4  S,  4  C,  100  P  to  releive  A 
Scouting  party  on  Brunswick  Road  at  or  near  the  Quaker 
Meeting  house  to  have  five  Days  Provision  to  be  well  equipt 
&  to  be  on  the  ground  tomorrow  morning  at  9  OClock. 


Head  Quarters  9th  June  1777   P.  Crambery  C  S  Philada. 

Feild  Off.  of  the  Day  Col.  Ramsey. 

Adjt.  of  the  day  tomorrow  Col.  Ramseys  Adjt. 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  Whereof  Col.  Gunby's  President 
to  Sit  to  morrow  morning  to  try  Capt.  Ewing  for  breach  of 
Genl  orders.  Major  Sherburn  to  furnish  the  Court  with  A 
Coppy  of  the  Sentence  of  the  Court  martial  Against  him  As 
also  with  A  Coppy  of  Gnl  orders  of  the  7th  Inst,  respecting 
Capt.  Ewings  Attendance  at  Head  Quarters,  Major  Sherburn 
&  Capt.  Heron  to  Attend  the  Court  as  Witnesses  to  prove 
Capt.  Ewings  non  Attendance;  the  guard  at  the  7  Mile  tavren 
is  to  be  by  no  means  Commanded  by  A  Subaltern,  the  Genl 
is  much  Surprised  to  hear  that  after  express  orders  was  given 
for  a  Capt.  &  fifty  men  that  so  unsoldierly  a  manner  Should 
be  gone  into  as  to  Send  A  Subl.  to  Command  50  men  which 
is  properly  A  Capt.  guard,  the  Main  guard  to  consist  for  the 
future  of  1  C,  2  L,  4  S,  4  C,  58  P  the  Several  Regts  to  have 
Qr.  Guards  established  which  is  to  furnish  the  Necessary  Sen- 


82  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

tries  for  the  Field  Off. ;  as  Catridges  are  now  at  hand  the 
Soldiers  amunition  to  be  immedietly  Compleated  each  Brigade 
to  furnish  a  field  off.  of  the  Day  to  visit  their  Respective  Sepa- 
rate guards. 

Brigade  Orders  June  9th 

Genl  Smallwoods  Brigade  Consisting  of  the  1st  3rd  &  7th 
Maryland  Regt  &  D  R  to  be  on  the  parade  every  morning 
at  Revellie  Beating  in  the  field  in  the  front  of  the  encampment 
every  Off.  to  be  on  the  field  with  their  Regts  agreeable  to 
Genl  orders,  morning  reports  to  be  made  from  each  Regt  & 
Deliver'd  to  Col.  Stone  at  his  encampment,  every  Soldier  for 
guard  to  be  dress'd  neat  and  Clean  &  head  powdered  each 
Regt  to  Draw  what  Catridges  are  Necessary  to  Compleat  each 
man  with  24  Rounds. 


Head  Quarters  10th  June  1777 

The  Commissary  to  pick  out  of  any  Company  at  Princeton 
any  Baker  or  Bakers  that  he  thinks  Necessary  to  Carry  on  the 
Baking  Business  for  this  Brigade. 

It  is  Suppos'd  that  a  number  of  Deserters  now  coming  out 
are  employ'd  by  the  enemy  as  Spies,  the  Genl  Strictly  orders 
that  no  off.  or  Soldier  except  those  that  have  them  immedietly 
in  Charge,  Shall  attempt  to  Speak  to  or  hold  any  Conversation 
with  them;  the  parties  having  them  in  Charge  Shall  bring 
them  immedietly  to  head  quarters  all  offs  are  requested  imme- 
dietly to  Confine  every  non  Commissioned  off.  or  Soldier  who 
Shall  be  Seen  gathering  Round  or  holding  any  Conversation 
with  any  Deserter  that  they  may  be  punished  for  breach  of 
Genl  orders. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  83 

Brigade  Orders  June  10th 

Field  off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Majr  Sterrit. 

Adjt.  of  the  day  tomorrow  3rd  Maryland  Regt  Adjt. 

The  Adjt,  of  the  Day  is  to  See  the  Different  guards  march 
in  proper  time  to  Releive  the  main  guard  &  to  Receive  the 
Countersign  &  deliver  it  to  the  offs  of  the  guard  Each  Regt 
to  parade  precisely  at  half  past  three  P.  M. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  nth  1777 

Off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Majr  Forrest. 

Adjt.  of  the  Day  to-morrow  1st  Maryland  Regt. 

The  troops  at  Princeton  to  parade  to  day  precisely  at  half 
past  3,  OClock  in  the  afternoon. 

James  Whight,  &  Jonathan  Wright  of  Col.  Harzens  Regt 
tryed  by  A  Genl  Court  Martial  for  Suffering  a  prisoner  to 
escape,  the  Court  find  them  not  guilty;  the  Genl  approves 
the  Sentence  &  orders  them  to  be  Releas'd. 

James  Cox  of  Col.  Hazens  Regt  tried  by  the  Same  Court 
for  Attempting  to  Desert  to  the  Enemy  &  Sentenc'd  to  Receive 
100  Lashes  on  the  Bare  back  &  be  Confin'd  During  the  War, 
the  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence,  &  that  he  Receive  the  100 
Lashes  to  Morrow  morning  at  guard  mounting,  that  Col. 
Hazen  Discharge  him  from  his  Regt  &  Send  him  to  Philada 
with  a  Coppy  of  the  orders  that  he  may  be  Confin'd  in  Such 
place  as  the  Commanding  off.  Shall  Direct. 

Mary  Quin  try'd  by  the  Same  Court,  for  acting  as  an  Enemy 
to  her  Country,  no  Evidence  appearing  the  Genl  orders  her  to 
be  Releas'd.  Elizabeth  Brewer  try'd  by  the  Same  Court  & 
found  guilty  of  acting  as  a  Spy  in  the  Service  of  the  Enemy, 


84  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

do  Sentence  her  to  be  Confin'd  During  the  War,  the  Genl 
Approves  the  Sentence  &  orders  her  to  be  Sent  to  Morrow  in 
Company  with  James  Cox  to  Philada  with  a  Coppy  of  her 
Sentence  &  to  be  there  Confin'd  in  Such  place  as  the  Com- 
manding off.  Shall  direct  during  the  War.  Genl  De  Bores 
Brigade  to  furnish  A  Scouting  party  to  Consist  of  i  C,  2  L, 
4  S,  4  C,  60  P  to  Releive  the  Princeton  Scouting  party  on  the 
Brunswick  Road  at  or  near  the  Quaquer  Meeting  house,  to 
be  on  the  ground  tomorrow  morning  at  9  OClock  with  5 
Days  Provision  &  well  equipt. 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  Majr  Forrest. 
Adjt.  of  the  Day  1st  M.  Regt. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  June  12th  1777 

All  the  Paymasters  in  their  Divisions  are  ordre'd  to  attend 
at  the  Paymaster  Genl  at  Middle  Brook  to  Morrow  morning 
at  10  OClock  presisely  each  to  take  paper  with  them  to  take 
A  Coppy  of  the  pay  Roll  formed  agreeable  to  the  New  estab- 
lishment; those  Regts  who  are  Destitute  for  Paymasters  are 
to  Send  Some  Carefull  off.  for  that  purpose  those  offs  Com- 
manding the  Different  Brigades  are  Desired  to  See  that  their 
men  are  Supplied  with  amunition  Immedietly  and  that  their 
arms  are  in  good  order,  &  for  their  Men  to  be  Ready  at  a 
Moments  warning  to  march,  &  by  no  means  for  Off.  or  Sol- 
dier to  absent  himself  from  Camp  &  the  Waggons  Belonging 
to  the  Different  Regts  are  not  to  be  out  of  the  Way  but  to 
keep  with  their  Respective  Regts.  The  Sick  are  to  be  Removed 
to  Trenton  Immedietly,  the  Court  Martial  of  which  Col. 
Gunby's  president  is  Disolved  All  the  troops  in  the  Division 
to  have  three  Days  provision  Cooked  Immedietly. 


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C^FT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  85 

Brigade  Orders 

All  the  Muskets  that  are  Charged  are  to  immedietly  drawn 
and  the  Muskets  to  be  Cleaned  &  put  in  the  best  order  for 
Action,  the  Offs  Commanding  Comps  are  to  See  this  done, 
the  Brigade  to  parade  this  afternoon  at  4  OClock  to  Examin 
their  Arms,  Returns  to  be  made  immedietly  for  Catridges  & 
flints,  the  Provision  to  be  Drawn  immedietly  to  furnish  each 
man  with  3  Days  the  Offs  and  Soldiers  of  this  Brigade  to  have 
their  Baggage  Packed  up  &  Ready  to  put  into  the  Baggage 
Waggons  at  a  moments  warning  the  Commanding  Offs  to  See 
their  Sick  Removed. 

THe  QrMaster  to  provide  waggons  for  that  purpose;  in 
Case  of  any  alarm  immedietly  the  Waggons  to  be  guarded 
by  those  Soldiers  that  are  Lame  or  Muskets  may  be  out  of 
order  as  to  Render  them  unfit  for  action.  No  Soldier  as  Able 
Bodied  to  Bare  arms  &  those  Muskets  that  is  out  of  Repair 
to  be  detain'd. 

Field  Off.,  for  tomorrow  Majr  Sterrett. 
Adjt.  for  tomorrow  Jas.  Lucas. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  13th  June   1777 

All  the  Troops  to  have  their  tents  Struck  Immedietly  and 
their  Baggage  Waggons  Loaded  and  be  Ready  to  March  by  3 
OClock  in  the  Afternoon,  All  the  guards  about  Princeton 
Kingston  and  Senders  Mills  to  be  Call'd  in,  the  Prisoners  to 
move  on  their  Respective  guards. 


Brigade  Orders 
Provision   to   be   Immedietly   Drawn    to    furnish   each    man 
with  3  Days,  and  to  be  immedietly  Cook'd.     Field  Officer  of 


86  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

the  Day  to  morrow  Col.  Gunby,  Adjt.  of  the  Day  from  the 
3rd  Regt  Col.  Stone  is  Surprised  that  each  Regt  has  not  fur- 
nished the  Artilery  with  the  number  of  men  ordr'd  for  that 
purpose  The  Commanding  Off.  of  each  Regt  is  to  order  2 
men  the  best  Qualified  to  Serve  in  the  Artilery  Immedietly 
to  Join  Capt.  Stewell. 

Flemington  18th  June  1777 
The  Genl  orders  that  all  the  troops  be  immedietly  furnished 
with  3  days  Provision  to  have  it  Cook'd  Dirictly  &  that  no 
Soldier  make  any  plea  after  the  3  Days  is  expired,  that  he  has 
no  provisions  As  the  Genl  is  Determined  None  Shall  be  Drawn 
till  that  time  is  Expired,  the  troops  to  hold  themselves  in  Read- 
iness to  march  at  A  Moments  Warning  with  their  Knapsacks, 
Blankets  &  provisions.  Proper  guards  to  be  left  with  tents  & 
Baggage  Composed  of  those  persons  who  are  least  able  to 
undergo  a  March  the  Weomen  who  are  left  at  the  other  Side 
of  Corrells  ferry  &  the  men  who  are  left  to  guard  the  Bag- 
gage to  be  Brought  forwards  immedietly  to  this  Camp  the 
QrMaster  to  furnish  each  Brigade  immedietly  for  the  future. 
An  orderly  Serjeant  from  each  Brigade  to  attend  at  Head 
Quarters  Daily  A  Main  guard  consisting  of  one  Capt.  1  Sub. 
2  Serjts  &  36  Privates  to  be  established  immedietly  for  the 
tryal  of  Such  persons  as  may  be  Brought  before  them. 

Col.  Hazen  President;  Six  Captains  &  Six  Subalterns  to 
be  furnished  from  each  Brigade  to  Sit  as  Members ;  John 
Powell  Esqr.  is  appointed  Brigade  Major  to  Genl  Smallwood 
&  is  to  be  Considered  as  Such. 


Brigade  Orders  18th  June 
Each  Regt  of  Genl  Smallwood's  Brigade  to  have  their  bag- 
gage pack'd  up  &  parade  in  the  Road  immedietly,  and  march 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  87 

to  the  place  of  encampment,  the  loads  to  be  all  Drawn  &  the 
arms  to  be  put  in  the  best  order;  The  Brigade  to  parade  at  6 
this  afternoon,  the  Commanding  Off.  of  each  Regt  to  examine 
their  Armes,  The  3rd  Maryland  Regt  to  occupy  the  Barns  & 
where  Col.  Gunby  is  now  Quarter'd  the  Catridges  to  be  exam- 
ined &  those  that  may  be  wet  to  have  others  put  in  their  Room, 
any  Catridges  that  may  be  wanting  may  be  had  by  Sending 
their  Returns  to  Col.  Stone. 


Flemington  June  19th  1777 
<5  00    Genl  Orders 

2  •-        The  troops  to  parade  immediately  &  march  to  Prospect  hill 
,u    the  Baggage  to  be  left  at  Flemington,  under  the  Command  of 


j=. 


£    Major  Vaughen. 


j    c  ^  Brigade  Orders  June  19th 

<     s    ^ 

,    c    o        All  the  Troops  to  parade  this  evening  on  the  brow  of  the 
\  J  ^    hill  for  Scout. 

Delaware  Regt  1  Capt.  40  Privates  &  2  Subalterns. 


Regimental  Orders  Rockey  hill  June  20  1777 

A  Court  Martial  to  set  immedietly  for  the  tryal  of  Sundry 
prisoners:  Whereof  Capt.  Robt.  Kirkwood  is  President,  Lt. 
MKennon,  Lt.  Qenocualt,  Lt.  Bratton  and  Ens.  Skillington 
Members. 

Proceedings  of  the  Above  Court  Martial. 

Pr  order  of  Col.  David  Hall,  for  the  tryal  of  Sundry  pris- 
oners Belonging  to  the  Delaware  Regt.     Members  as  Above. 

Robt.  Hoskins  Joseph  Brown  William  Black  John  Lays 
John  Randam  William  Skinner  Belonging  to  Capt.  Thomas 
Holand's  Compy. 


88  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Confin'd  by  Col.  David  Hall  for  plundering  A  house  of  an 
Inhabitant  of  the  United  States  near  prospect  hill,  The  above 
prisoners  being  brought  Before  the  Court  pleads  guilty. 

The  Court  after  Duly  Considering  the  Offense  do  Sentence 
John  Random  to  receive  75  Lashes  on  the  bare  back  50  for 
the  Above  offence,  &  25  for  lying  Before  the  Court,  Robt. 
Hoskins,  Joseph  Brown  Wm.  Black  John  Lays,  to  receive  50 
each  on  their  bare  backs. 

Wm.  Skinner  to  receive  39  Lashes,  &  the  whole  of  them 
to  have  half  a  months  pay  each  Stop'd  out  of  their  pay  for  the 
use  of  the  Sick  Soldiers  of  the  Regt.  Sign'd 

Robt.  Kirkwood 

Capt.  DR  president 

The  Above  Sentence  is  approv'd  of,  &  order'd  to  be  put  in 
execution  this  Evening  at  parading  time  Except,  Wm.  Skinner 
who  on  Acct.  of  his  Youth  is  ommitted. 

David  Hall 

Col  DR 


Head  Quarters  Sampton  June  23rd  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Field  Off.  of  the  day  from  Genl  Smallwood's  Bridage. 

Field  Off.  of  the  day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Debres  Bri- 
gade. 

Adjt.  of  the  Day  from  Genl  Debores  Bridage,  an  orderly 
Serjt  to  be  sent  from  each  Brigade  to  Genl  Sullivans  Head 
Quarters,  A  Picquet  to  be  established  Consisting  of  2  C,  2  L, 
4  S,  4  C,  100  P.  A  main  guard  of  1  C,  1  L,  2  S,  2  C,  36  P, 
guard  for  Genl  Sullivan  to  be  taken  from  Col.  Hazen's  Regt 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  89 

of  Genl  Debores  Brigade  to  consist  of  1  L,  2  S,  2  C,  24  P  to 
be  a  standing  guard  until  further  orders,  Genl  Debores  Quota 
for  guard  is  2  C,  3  L,  6  S,  6  C,  100  P,  Col.  Stones  Quota 
is  I  C,  1  L,  2  S,  2  C,  60  P.  Adjt  of  the  Division  for  tomor- 
row from  Col.  Stones  Brigade,  the  Brigade  Major  to  see  the 
Picquets  posted  in  Rotation,  except  when  the  business  of  the 
Brigade  requires  their  immediet  attendance,  &  then  the  Adjt 
of  the  Day  must  see  it  done,  and  who  is  to  attend  the  parading 
of  all  guards  The  Genl  is  inform'd  that  the  Soldiers  under 
his  Command  have  of  late  made  it  their  business  to  plunder 
the  inhabitants  in  their  march  thr'o  the  Country  he  therefore 
Desires  the  Offs  Commanding  Regts  in  the  Several  Brigades 
under  his  command  to  find  out  those  Soldiers  who  have  been 
guilty  of  that  Scandelous  practice,  and  immedietly  Confine 
them,  in  order  that  they  meet  with  Punishment  Aduquet  to 
their  crimes,  &  for  the  future  to  take  such  methods  as  will 
prevent  the  like  again. 

From  Rockey  hill  we  march  to 
Brunswick  which  is  12  Miles 
and  from  thence  to  Sampton 
which  is  6  Miles  where  our 
Regt  Lay  at  a  Saw  Mill  where 
we  had  prepar'd  our  Selves  for 
an  attack. 


Head  Quarters  Middle  Brook  26  June  1777 
Genl  Orders 

The  Troops  are  all  to  be  compleated  with  3  days  provisions, 
one  of  fresh  and  two  of  Salt  if  to  be  had,  &  to  hold  them- 
selves in  readiness  to  march  at  A  moments  Warning;  The 
Troops   will   lodge   themselves   in    the   best   manner   they   can 


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90  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

this  night,  near  the  gaps  of  the  mountain  from  every  gap 
proper  picquets  ought  to  he  posted  and  patroles  sent  out  During 
the  night  all  the  Troops  are  to  Draw  Spirits  if  it  is  to  be  had 
at  the  Commissaries  at  Old  Head  Quarters. 


Head  Quarters  Lincoln  Hill  June  29th  1777 

Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Green. 

Brigadier    Muhlenburgh. 

Field  Off Col.  Spotswood. 

Brigade  Major Swain. 

The  QrMaster  Gen.  is  to  make  a  proper  Destribution  of 
Waggons  among  the  Brigades  and  Corps  of  the  Army,  and  in 
proportion  to  their  Respective  numbers,  to  ascertain  which,  he 
will  Apply  to  the  Adgt.  Genl. 


Division  Orders 


The  Picquest  to  parade  as  usual  A  Corporal  and  four  men 

of  Genl  Smallwood's  Brigade  to  Relieve  the  same  number  of 

Genl    Debores   to   morrow   morning   at   Genl    Sullivans   Old 

Quarters. 

.  Milton 
Parole  Manchester       Countersign  -> 

Medford 


Regimental  Orders  June  29th  1777. 

Proceedings  of  a  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  at  Lincoln 
Hill  by  order  of  Col.   David   Hall,   for   the  trial  of   Sundry 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  91 

Prisoners  Belonging  to  the  Delaware  Regiment  Whereof  Capt. 
Nathaniel  Mitchel  is  president. 

Lt.  Corse  "|  f  Lt.     Queenoucalt 

Lt.  MKennon  ^  Ens.   Skillington. 

Serjt  Johnston  Confin'd  by  Col.  Hall  for  Insolence  and 
Breach  of  Orders; 

The  Prisoner  Being  brought  before  the  Court  Pleads  Igno- 
rance and  Saith  that  being  rais'd  from  his  Sleep  he  was  Quite 
Stupified  and  knew  not  to  whom  he  Spoak  neither  what  he 
Said. 

The  Court  after  due  Consideration  of  the  Nature  of  the 
offence  are  of  opinion,  that  he  Should  ask  Pardon  for  his 
offence,  and  be  Reprimanded  by  the  Col. 

Serjt  Stenson  Confin'd  by  Majr  Vaughen  for  Insolence  and 
breach  of  orders. 

The  Prisoner  being  brought  Before  the  Court  pleads  not 
Guilty.  Evidence  —  Major  Vaughen  being  Duely  Sworn 
Deposeth,  that  as  he  was  Walking  by  the  QrMaster  &  the  pris- 
oner, he  heard  the  Prisoner  Say,  after  the  QrMaster  had  or- 
dered him  to  make  a  provision  Return;  that  he  thought  there 
was  no  Necessity  of  making  one  as  he  has  already  given  in  one, 
&  likewise  when  the  Major  ordered  him  to  go  immedietly  & 
make  one  he  went  away  Grumbling  And  Saying  that  it  was 
better  not  to  be  a  Serjt  in  this  Regt  then  be  one,  upon  which 
the  Major  Ask'd  him  what  he  Said  he  turning  Short  about 
Said  thats  what  I  Say  repeating  what  he  Said  before. 

Evidence — QrMaster  Trussum  being  Duely  Sworn  depo- 
seth and  Says  the  same  against  the  Prisoner  as  the  Major 
except  that  he  Absolutely  refus'd  to  make  out  A  Return  when 
order'd. 


92  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

The  Prisoner  in  his  Defence  saith  that  he  did  not  Absolutely 
Refuse  to  make  out  A  Return  but  that  he  Told  the  QrMaster 
that  he  had  already  made  out  one  and  Delivered  it  him  the 
Day  before. 

The  Court  after  Due  Consideration  of  the  Offence,  do 
Sentence  him  to  be  reduced  to  the  Rank  And  Serve  as  A  Pri- 
vate Centinel. 

Patrick  Davis  A  Soldier  in  Capt.  Learmoths  Compy  Con- 
fin'd by  Lt.  Morris  of  the  7th  Maryland  Regt  for  Behaving 
in  an  Insolent  manner  to  him. 

The  Prisoner  Pleads  not  guilty.  Evidence — Lt.  Morris 
being  Duely  Sworn  Deposeth  that  the  prisoner  Came  up  to 
their  Baggage  waggons,  &  took  gun  &  immedietly  hallow'd 
out  that  the  Centry  was  asleep  upon  hearing  this  he  went  to 
the  waggons  &  Saw  the  Centry  at  the  other  Side  of  the  Wag- 
gon doing  his  Duty,  he  order'd  the  Prisoner  to  go  to  his  Regt 
or  else  he  would  Confine  him,  at  which  the  Prisoner  told  him 
he  might  do  his  worst,  for  he  did  not  Regard  him,  upon  which 
he  Confin'd  him. 

Evidence  —  Edward  Murray  A  Soldier  in  7th  M.  Regt 
Being  duely  Sworn  deposeth,  that  when  the  prisoner  was  in 
Confinement  &  going  to  the  guard  house  he  Damm'd  the  Off. 
that  Confin'd  him  for  A  son  of  a  Bitch  &  Said  if  he  was  at  Lib- 
erty, he  Could  knock  fifty  Such  down  the  hill. 

The  Prisoner  although  he  pleads  not  guilty  yet  Can  make 
no  Defence  for  himself. 

The  Court  order  him  100  Lashes  on  the  bare  Back  well 
laid  on  by  the  Drummers  of  the  Regt. 

The  Sentence  is  approv'd  off  and  order'd  to  be  put  in  execu- 
tion to  morrow  evening  on  the  parade. 

David  Hall 

Col.  DR. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKfVOOD  93 

Middle  Brook  Head  Quarters  30th  June  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  to  morrow  Sullivan. 
Brigadier  Debore,  Field  Offs  Cols.  Matthews  &  Willis 
Brigade  Major  Mullen,  A  Special  Court  Martial  to  set  tomor- 
row morning  at  9  OClock  at  the  Usual  Quarters,  for  the  trial 
of  Major  Stewart  of  2nd  M.  Regt.  Col.  David  Hall  is 
appointed  president  of  this  Court  All  Commissioned  Offs  who 
have  in  their  Corps  any  non  Commissioned  Offs  or  Soldiers 
orriginally  Inlisted  in  the  Regt  lately  Commissioned  by  Col. 
Smallwood  are  on  Demand  to  Deliver  them  to  Col.  Stone  who 
now  Commands  the  Same  Regt  upon  his  making  it  appear 
that  they  were  so  inlisted.  A  Large  Horesmans  tent  mark'd 
I.  H.  Stone  first  M.  Regt  together  with  4  Common  tents, 
taken  from  a  Waggon  on  the  march  from  Quible  Town  and 
put  into  another,  whoever  has  them  are  to  send  them  to  Col. 
Stone  without  Delay. 


Division  Orders. 
Adjt.  for  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Smalwood's  Brigade, 
the  Picquet  as  Usual,  Major  Powell  to  attend  at  Head  Quar- 
ters tomorrow  for  orders,  &  for  the  Parole  &  Countersign  and 
Leave  them  at  Genl  Sullivan's  Quarters  An  orderly  Sergt 
from  each  Brigade  to  attend  dailey.  A  Return  of  the  Brigade 
to  be  made  immetietly. 


Lincoln  Mountain  July  1st  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

That  an  Off.  of  each  Company  constantly  attend  the  Draw- 
ing of  Provisions  for  their  Respective  Companies  and  take 
Care  that  no  unsound  Provision  be  delivered  to  them. 


94  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

That  George  Reynolds  is  appointed  to  act  as  Qr  Maters 
Serjeant  to  the  Regt  &  to  be  obeyed  as  Such. 

That  the  Weomen  belonging  to  the  Regt  be  paraded  tomor- 
row morning  &  to  undergo  an  Examination  from  the  Serjeon 
of  the  Regt  at  his  tent,  except  those  that  are  married,  &  the 
husbands  of  those  to  undergo  said  examination  in  their  Stead, 
all  those  that  do  not  attent  to  be  immedietly  Drum'd  out  of 
the  Regt. 


Lincoln  Mountain  July  2nd  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Col.  Stone. 
Brigade,  Adjt.  of  the  Day  from  Genl  Debores  Brigade. 

All  the  Troops  to  hold  themsleves  in  Readiness  to  march  at 
a  moments  Warning,  the  Troops  to  Draw  3  Days  Provisions, 
one  of  which  at  least  must  be  cook'd. 

The  Soldiers  who  are  not  Compleat  with  Ammunition  are 
to  draw  it  immedietly,  the  QR  Masters  &  Commissaries  to 
have  their  waggons  in  Readiness  to  move  their  Stores  at  A 
Moments  Warning.  The  Brigade  Majrs  to  take  orders  at 
Head  Quarters  in  Rotation. 


Middle  Brook  Head  Quarters  2nd  July  1777 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow ...  Lord  Sterling. 
Brigadier  Genl  do         ...Woolford. 

Field  Offs    Lt.  Col.  Palmer  Majr  Byard. 

Brigade  Major    Day. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  95 

Lincoln  Mountain  2nd  July.  1777 

Proceedings  of  A  Regimental  Court  Martial  of  the  Dela- 
ware Regt  held  by  order  of  Col.  David  Hall  this  day. 
Capt.  John  Patten  President. 

Lt.     Duff  1  r  Ens.  Hosman 

Ens.  MClean     j  1  Ens.  Skillington 

Abram  Meers  of  Capt.  Kirkwood's  Compy  of  Sd  Regt 
brought  before  the  Court,  for  Stricking  and  abusing  A  Drum- 
mer for  doing  his  Duty  Prisoner  Pleads  not  guilty.  Evidence 
— Thos.  Clark  Drummer  being  duely  Sworn  deposeth  &  Saith, 
that  he  went  into  the  tent  where  the  prisoner  was  at  Breakfast 
with  whome  he  mest  the  prisoner  ask'd  him  if  he  did  not  want 
some  Breakfast  he  Replied  yes  &  thank  him  too,  the  Prisoner 
then  said  he  did  not  Deserve  any  for  whiping  A  man  so 
hard  &  farther  Said  if  he  ever  whip'd  him  so  hard,  and  he 
met  him  in  a  bye  place,  he  would  give  him  A  knock  that  he 
would  not  be  aware  of,  &  after  abusing  him  gave  the  Depo- 
nent a  stroake  in  the  Side  which  almost  Deprived  him  of  his 
breath.  Thomas  Tool  at  the  Request  of  the  Prisoner  being 
called  before  the  Court  &  duly  qualified,  sayeth  that  the 
afores'd  Thos.  Clark  went  into  the  Prisoners  Tent,  &  the 
Prisoner  asked  him  if  he  did  not  want  some  Victuals  upon 
which  the  said  Clark  answer'd  Yes  on  which  the  Prisoner  said 
are  you  not  a  Man  that  meses  by  your  self,  if  so  go  &  get  your 
own  Victuals  to  eat,  upon  which  the  said  Clark  made  up  of 
very  provoking  Language  to  the  Prisoner,  the  Prisoner  said  he 
did  not  know  how  to  whip  or  else  he  would  not  have  abus'd 
the  man  so  that  he  whipp'd  yesterday  the  Drummer  answer'd, 
he  was  oblig'd  to  do  his  Duty  &  that  perhaps  some  day  or  other 
he  might  fall  into  his  hands  &  then  he  would  know  whether 
he  understood  whipping  or  not. 


96  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Christopher  Wilier,  at  the  request  of  the  Prisoner  being 
brought  before  the  Court  and  duely  Qualified  Saieth  that  he 
was  imployed  in  cutting  up  meat  in  order  to  Cook,  when  Clark 
came  in  to  the  tent,  &  that  the  prisoner  bantred  him  about 
his  whiping  &  told  him  to  be  more  moderate  in  whiping  &  not 
to  whip  as  if  he  was  in  A  passion  or  else  he  would  get  the  ill 
will  of  the  whole  Compy  upon  which  the  Drummer  seem'd  to 
be  angry  but  the  Deponent  says  he  could  not .  Recollect  the 
words  the  Drummer  Said. 

Charles  Hamelton  A  Corporal  in  Capt.  Kirkwood's  Compy 
at  the  request  of  the  Prisoner  being  brought  before  the  Court 
&  Sworn,  sayeth  being  at  the  Prisoners  tent  doore  heard  the 
Drummer  and  Prisoner  using  Reproachfull  language  to  each 
other  he  likewise  saieth  he  heard  the  Drummer  daring  the 
Prisoner  to  Strike  him. 

The  Court  having  Duely  Considered  the  evidence  for  and 
against  the  prisoner  are  of  opinion  that  he  is  guilty  of  a  breach 
of  the  first  Article  of  War,  Sect.  7th  &  do  Sentence  him  to 
ask  pardon  of  the  party  offended  in  the  Presence  of  his  Com- 
manding Off. 

Patrick  Davis  a  Soldier  in  Capt.  Learmonths  Compy  Con- 
fin'd  by  Adjt.  Lucas  for  a  buseing  Serjt  Jordan  in  his  duty, 
Pleads  not  guilty;  Serjt  Jordan  Being  Brought  before  the 
Court  &  duely  Qualified  deposeth  &  Saieth,  that  the  Prisoner 
yesterday  Evening  ask'd  him  for  a  Screw  to  Draw  his  Load, 
the  Deponent  told  him  to  go  to  the  Serjts  tent  where  he  would 
get  one  out  of  his  Catridge  box,  upon  which  the  prisoner  went 
&  ask'd  for  the  Screw  but  not  getting  it  immedietly  he  Call'd 
for  the  Deponent  to  come  &  get  it  for  him  &  abus'd  him,  saying 
if  he  did  not  come  &  get  it  for  him  he  would  fire  off  the  Load, 
upon  which  the  Sd  Jordan  told  him  if  he  would  fire  his  gun 
off  it  would  be  nothing  to  him,  but  that  the  punishment  would 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  97 

fall  on  himself,  the  Prisoner  Came  like  wise  this  morning  to 
Serjts  Jordan's  tent  where  he  was  making  out  a  Provision 
Return,  and  ask'd  him  if  he  had  Return'd  him  fit  for  Duty, 
upon  which  Serjt  Jordan  told  him  he  had  by  order  of  Lt. 
MKennon  the  prisoner  Replied  if  he  (the  Sd  Jordan)  had 
receiv'd  what  he  had  he  would  not  be  fit  for  duty  &  abused 
him;  the  Serjt  Desir'd  him  to  go  off  peaceably;  the  Prisoner 
threatened  to  Shake  him,  &  the  Adjt.  overhearing  him  ordered 
that  he  Should  be  Confin'd  Serjt  Cox  of  Capt.  Learmonths 
Compy  being  Duely  Sworn  Sayeth  that  the  prisoner  having 
asked  Serjt  Jordan  if  he  had  Returned  him  fit  for  Duty  the 
Serjt  Replied  Yes,  upon  which  the  Prisoner  us'd  Reproachfull 
words  to  him  after  he  had  Desired  him  to  go  to  his  tent  & 
make  no  Desturbance. 

The  Court  having  Duely  Considered  the  Evidence  are  of 
opinion  that  he  is  guilty  of  A  Breach  of  the  5th  Article  of 
War  1 8th  Sect.  &  do  sentence  him  to  receive  50  Lashes  on 
the  bare  back  well  laid  on  with  the  Cat  o'  nine  tails. 

The  Sentence  is  Approv'd  off  and  order'd  to  be  put  in  exe- 
cution to  morrow  evening  on  the  parade. 

David  Hall 

Col.  DR. 


Brigade  Orders  Head  Quarters  July  4th  1777 

The  troops  of  Genl  Smallwoods  Brigade  to  Refresh  them- 
selves have  their  Cloath's  wash'd  and  provisions  Cook'd. 

A  Genl  Return  to  be  made  tomorrow  morning  by  8  OClock 
that  Buckets  &c.  may  be  Drawn  for  each  Regt  also  the  num- 
ber of  Arms  wanting  and  Canteens,  also  all  the  Baggage 
Horses  to  be  Shod  to  morrow,  to  expediate  which  each  Regt 


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98  77/£    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

will  order  their  Smiths  to  parade  &  be  Ready  to  go  to  work 
early  in  the  morning,  each  Regt  will  furnish  waggons,  &  their 
QRMaster  to  go  to  Morristown  for  what  ever  may  be  want- 
ing. 


Regimental  Orders  July  5th  1777 

The  Offs  of  the  Regt  are  once  more  Requested  to  attend 
morning  and  evening  Parade,  and  an  Off.  of  each  Compy  to 
attend  whilst  the  Sert  calls  over  the  Roll  &  to  see  that  none 
of  the  men  are  absent  it  is  expected  that  no  off.  signs  A  report 
of  his  Compy  without  first  examining  of  it. 


Within  6  Miles  of   Pompton   5th  July   1777 
Brigade  Orders 

Col.  Gunby's  Regt  to  take  the  front  Delaware  next  1st 
Maryland  Regt  next,  3rd  M.  Regt  in  the  Rear  the  front  to 
march  verry  slow,  the  Artilery  in  front,  the  Baggage  in  ye 
Rear,  the  Baggage  Waggons  of  each  Regt  to  follow  agreeable 
to  orders  of  March,  1  C,  2  S,  2  C,  20  P  as  a  Rear  Guard, 
the  Off.  Commanding  these,  is  not  to  Suffer  any  Soldier  to 
Straggle  or  Stay  behind,  and  Soldier  Staying  unnecessarily  will 
be  confin'd  and  punished,  no  Off.  to  Quit  his  Division  without 
Leave  from  commanding  Off.  of  ye  Compy  at  every  Conveni- 
ent place  the  Brigade  will  be  halted  to  get  water,  so  that  it 
will  prevent  the  Soldiers  much  fatigue  &  prevent  their  staying 
in  the  rear  &  doing  great  damage  to  the  inhabitants  if  they  are 
kept  with  their  Regt  the  waggons  to  be  Loaded  Immedietly. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKJVOOD  99 

Head  Quarters  Pompton  July  6th. 

Division   Orders 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl.  Debores  Brig- 
ade, Field  Off.  of  the  Bouns  to  night  from  Col.  Stones,  Adjt. 
of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl.  Debores;  A  Special  Court 
Martial  Sit  to  morrow,  to  try  Such  Offs  as  are  under  arrest 
in  the  Division. 

1  S,  2  L,  2  C,  20  P  to  be  posted  as  A  Picquet  on  the  Road 
Leading  to  Haverstraw — 1  S,  2  L,  2  C,  20  P  to  be  posted  as 
A  Picquet  leading  to  Rivers — 1  S,  2  L,  2  C,  20  P  to  be 
posted  as  A  Picquet  from  the  Brigade  the  Troops  Came  over 
— 1  S,  1  C,  8  P  order'd  as  A  guard  to  the  Amunition  the 
Detail  is  as  follows. 

From  Genl.  De  Bores  Brigade  1  S,  3  L,  3  C,  42  P  from 
Col.  Stones  do.  2  "    4        4  "     26 

3  "    7  "    7  "     68 

A  Main  guard  to  be  established  to  morrow  morning  to  Con- 
sist of  1  S,  1  L,  1  C,  22  P  from  Genl.  Debores  Brigade. 
1   "    1   "     1   "     14  from  Col.  Stones  do. 

The  Brigade  Majors  to  meet  in  the  morning  to  fix  A  proper 
place  for  the  guard  house  where  the  Main  guard  is  established, 
its  to  furnish  the  Necessary  guard  for  the  amunition,  the  Pic- 
quet to  be  continued  in  the  same  manner  or  as  Above  De- 
scribed until  further  orders. 

Col.  Price  is  appointed  of  the  Court,  Martial  which  is  to 
sit  tomorrow  morning,  the  Court  to  meet  at  9  OClock. 

2  Capts,  2  Subs,  from  Genl.  DeBores  Brigade     "j 

3  do.     3      do.  from  Genl.   Smallwoods  do.       J 
members  of  this  Court  Martial. 


ioo  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Head  Quarters  July  6th    1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  to  morrow  from  Col.  Stones  Brigade 
Adjt  of  the  Day  to  morrow  from do 

The  Commanding  off.  of  each  Regt  are  to  be  punctual  in 
Sending  in  their  Returns  of  their  Respective  Brigades  from 
which  the  Brigadeers  are  to  send  A  Weekly  Return  to  the 
Majr  Genl  of  the  Division  every  Saturday.  A  Forrage  guard 
Consisting  of  1  S,  1  C,  12  P  to  be  taken  in  Rotation  from  the 
two  Brigades,  the  Serjt  to  apply  to  Majr  Sherriff  for  orders. 

AFTER    ORDERS 

A  Court  of  Inquiry  to  Sit  this  afternoon  at  5  OClock  to 
Inquire  into  the  Conduct  of  the  Surjeons  of  the  Genl  Hospital 
Respecting  the  Reception  of  the  Sick  of  this  Division.  Col. 
Gunby  President. 

3  Capts,  3  Subs,  from  Genl  Debores  Brigade    "|  to  sit  as 
3    do.       3    do.     from  Genl.  Smallwoods  do.        f  members. 


Head  Quarters  Princeton  July  7th  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Off.  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl.  De  Bores 

Brigade. 
A-djt  of  the  Day  from  Genl.  De  Bores  Brigade. 

Twelve  hunderd  Men  well  Officer'd  to  be  selected  from  the 
two  Brigades  with  Six  Days  provisions  &  to  hold  themselves 
in  Readiness  to  march  at  a  moments  warning,  they  are  to  take 
with  them  only  their  Knapsackes  and  Blankets,  the  Command- 
ing Off.  to  See  that  their  arms  &  Accoutriments  are  in  good 
order,  two  Days  Provisions  to  be  Cook'd  immedietly. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  101 

Head  Quarters  July  8th   1777 
Division  Orders 

Field    Off.    of    the    Day    tomorrow    from    Col.    Stones 

Brigade. 
Adjt  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Col.   Stones  Brigade. 

The  Commanding  Offs  of  Regts  are  to  see  that  Necessaries 
are  provid'd  for  their  Sick,  &  proper  bills  kept  and  presented 
to  the  Genl  that  he  may  order  payment;  as  little  Spirits  re- 
main on  hand  for  this  Division,  the  Commissary  is  not  issue 
any  more  only  to  fatigue  parties  &  Scouting  parties  till  further 
orders,  the  troops  to  parade  at  4  OClock  this  afternoon  for 
Exercise. 

A  Genl  Court  Martial  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  to  try  such 
matters  as  may  be  brought  before  them. 

Ensign  James  Arrested  by  Capt.  Ridgely  for  neglect  of  Duty 
and  Disobedience  of  orders,  try'd  by  a  Genl  Court  Martial 
whereof  Col.  Gunby  was  President,  the  Court  were  of  opinion 
that  Ens.  James  is  not  guilty  of  the  charge  Exhibited  against 
him  &  think  he  ought  to  be  Releas'd  immedietly.  The  Genl 
approves  the  Sentence  and  orders  him  to  be  Released  Accord- 
ingly. 

Lt.  Lee  arrested  by  Majr  Taylor  for  Disobedience  of 
Orders  the  Court  are  of  opinion  that  Mr.  Lee  is  guilty  of  a 
Breach  of  Major  Taylors  Orders,  &  that  he  ought  to  be  Rep- 
rimanded By  the  Commanding  Off.  of  the  Regt  in  presence  of 
the  Offs  belonging  to  the  Regt,  the  Genl  approves  of  the  Sen- 
tence and  orders  it  to  take  place  to  morrow  morning. 

Lt.  Erskine  Arrested  by  Genl.  De  Bores,  ought  to  be  ac- 
quited  from  his  arrest  for  Stricking  A  Waggoner,  the  Court 
having  examined  the  evidence  &  finding  nothing  against  him 
the  Genl  approves  the  Sentence,  &  orders  him  to  be  acquitted 
from  his  arrest  immedietly. 


102  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

It  is  Required  that  Genl  DeBores  Brigade  Majr  make  a 
Return  of  the  Strength  of  that  Brigade  to  Head  Quarters  as 
soon  as  possible. 

Brigade  Orders  July  8th  1777 

Col.  Stone  orders  each  Regt  in  Genl  Smallwood's  Brigade  to 
have  Necessary  houses  Dug  immedietly  in  the  rear  of  the  en- 
campment, as  near  the  River  as  possible  the  men  to  be  ordered 
to  do  their  occations  there  and  no  where  else. 


Camp  At  Pompton  July  8th  1777 

Proceedings  of  the  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  this  Day 
By  order  of  Col.  David  Hall  of  the  Delaware  Regt  for  the 
trial  of  Such  Prisoners  as  may  be  Brought  Before  them,  be- 
longing to  said   Regt. 

Cord   Hazord   Capt.  President. 

Lt.  M  Kennon     1  f  Lt.  Duff 

Lt.  Queenoucalt  J  1  Ens.  Bennett 

Wm.  Kelly  A  Soldier  in  Capt.  Kirkwood's  Compy  Confin'd 
by  Lt.  Duvall  of  the  2nd  Maryland  Regt  for  Desobeying  of 
Orders,  &  insulting  said  Officer. 

Prisoner  being  brought  before  the  Court  pleads  guilty;  Evi- 
dence— Lt.  Duvall  being  duely  Sworn  Deposeth  and  Saieth, 
that  the  prisoner  came  to  where  he  was  on  guard,  over  a  bridge 
Beyond  the  Genls  Quarters  he  was  hal'd  by  the  Centry,  who 
would  not  let  him  pass  without  a  permit,  that  the  prisoner 
Curs'd  &  Swore,  &  used  verry  insulting  Language  to  the  Said 
Off.,  &  would  not  Return  when  he  bid  him,  upon  which  he 
Confin'd  him. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKfVOOD  103 

The  Court  having  duely  consider'd  the  Evidence  do  find  the 
prisoner  guilty  of  A  breach  of  the  5th  Article  of  the  7th  Sec- 
tion and  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  100  Lashes  on  the  Bare 
back,  well  laid  on  by  the  Drummers  of  the  Regt. 

Cord  Hazord 

Capt.  President 

The  Sentence  is  approve'd  off  and  order'd  to  be  put  in  Exe- 
cution tomorrow  evening  at  guard  Mounting. 

David  Hall 

Col.  D  R. 

Head  Quarters  Pompton  9th  July 
Division  Orders 

The  Division  to  be  in  Readiness  to  strike  their  tents,  pack 
up  their  Baggage,  and  to  march  at  A  moments  Warning  for 
Peaks  Kiln  Genl  Debores  Brigade  to  march  in  front,  proceeded 
by  the  Light  horse  an  advance  guard  and  the  artilery,  the  Bag- 
gage of  the  Brigade  to  them  Col.  Stones  advance  Guard  is  to 
follow,  then  his  artilery,  then  his  Brigade,  after  which  the  Bag- 
gage, the  rear  guard  of  each  Brigade  is  to  Consist  I  Capt.  & 
fifty  men  attended  by  4  light  horse,  they  are  by  no  means  to 
Suffer  any  officer  or  Soldier  to  stragle  from  the  Brigade,  or  fall 
in  the  rear,  when  the  Division  is  on  the  march  if  any  accident 
Should  befall  the  Waggons,  or  any  of  them,  A  Lighthorseman 
is  to  be  Despached  to  the  front  to  Desire  a  halt  till  the  Wag- 
gons are  Repaired,  if  any  person  is  sick  or  lame  on  the  road  he 
is  not  to  fall  back  without  A  permit  from  his  Officer  any  Sol- 
dier found  from  his  Division  without  permit  in  writing,  is  to 
Receive  39  lashes  on  the  Spot,  and  Off.  and  Six  light  Horse- 
men to  be  sent  to  Col.  Stone  four  of  which  to  be  with  the  Rear 
Guard ;  the  Division  to  halt  every  4  or  5  miles  that  the  men 


io4  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

83  may  have  an  oppertunity  to  refresh,  the  Commanders  of  Brig- 

^  ade  to  Correspond  with  each  other  &  agree  upon  the  best  place 

■*  of  halting,  &  the  time  for  Beginning  the  march,  the  Sick  of  the 

.2  Division  to  be  left  under  the  Care  of  an  Off.,  A  Surjeon  and 

"c  Surjeons  mate,  in  the  most  Convenient  place  about  Pompton, 

j  who  are  to  provide  necessaries  for  them,  the  Surjeon  &  mates 

2  of  the  Division  to  Draw  for  persons  to  remain  with  the  sick, 

3  the  Commanders  of  the  Brigade  to  agree  upon  an  Off.  the  Sick 
t;  to  be  sent  forwards  to  Peaks  Kiln  as  soon  as  able  to  march. 


3  

o 

4_,     Camp  at  Clove  between  2  Mountains  New  York  Govermen 

^g  nth  July  77 


o 


fcf    Brigade  Orders 

.S         Weekly  Returns  to  be  made  out  this  Day,  &  Delivered  to 
c     Majr  Powell  this  evening  or  early  tomorrow  morning;  no  rails 


^  to  be  Burnt  or  Destroy'd  any  non  Commissioned  Off.  or  Sol- 

:=5  dier  Offending  by  Destroying  any  property  belonging  to   the 

rt  Inhabitants  may  depend  upon  being  Severly  punished,  A  Camp 

ho  Guard  of  I  S,  2  L,  2  C,   18  P  to  be  Immediatly  established, 


*g  proper  guards  to  be  placed  on  the  front  and  left  of  the  en- 

<u  campment  to  prevent  the  Soldiers  from  Destroying  Rails  &c. 

p2  the  Off.  is  to  give  positive  orders  to  the  Sentinals  to  Confine 

„  every  Soldier,  who  may  be  Destroying  any  kind  of  property, 

*J  the  Waggon  Master  is  positively  order'd  to  provide  forrage  for 

+-1  the  Horses  immedietly,  and  see  that  they  are  pastur'd  in  the 

o  publick  pastures,  which  he  has  much  neglected,  each  Regt  Will 

g  eent  out  a  Fatugue  party  to  cut  wood  for  their  Regiments. 

o 

g  N.  B:     This  Clove  is  18  Miles  from  ye  Peaks  Kiln. 

2 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  105 

July  nth  1777 

Proceedings  of  A  General  Court  Martial. 

Lt.  M  Callaster  of  the  1st  Maryland  Regt  tried  for  Leaving 
his  Guard  on  the  Haverstraw  Road,  The  Court  finds  him 
guilty  of  the  Crime  alledg'd  Against  him  &  Sentence  him  to  be 
Reprimanded  by  Col.  Stone  in  the  presence  of  the  Offs  of  the 
Regt,  to  which  he  belongs,  the  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  and 
orders  it  to  be  put  in  execution  tomorrow  morning  at  8 
OClock. 

Capt.  De  Vernesure  of  the  Light  Horse  tried  by  a  Genl 
Court  Martial  for  Disobedience  of  orders  and  insulting  Col. 
Stone  in  the  Execution  of  his  Duty,  The  Court  finds  him  guilty 
of  Insulting  Col.  Stone  and  Sentence  him  to  ask  Col.  Stones 
pardon,  the  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  &  orders  it  to  be  put 
in  Execution  tomorrow  morning  at  8  OClock. 


July  12th  1777 
This  Day  there  was  a  Women  Duct  and  Drum'd  out  of  our 
Encampment;  For  giving  the  men  the  Venerial  Disorder. 


In  Congress  Sept.   16th   1777 

Resolved  that  Eighty  eight  Battallions  be  enlisted  as  soon  as 

possible  to  Serve  During  the  War,  and  that  each  State  fur- 
nish their  respective  Quotas  in  the  following  proportions  viz. 

New   Hampshire    3  Batallions 

Maschuesetts  Bay    15    do 

Rhode    Island     2    do 

Connecticut    8    do 


106  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

New  York   4  do 

New  Jersey    4  do 

Pensylvania    12  do 

Delaware    1  do 

Maryland    8  do 

Virginia    15  do 

North  Carolina   9  do 

South  Carolina 6  do 

Georgia 1  do 


Total . 


That  20  Dollars  be  given  as  A  bounty  to  each  non  Com- 
missioned Officer  and  Private  Soldier,  who  shall  Inlist  During 
the  War,  unless  sooner  Discharged  By  Congress;  That  Con- 
gress make  provision  for  granting  Lands  in  the  following  pro- 
portions to  the  Offs  and  Soldiers  who  Shall  so  ingage  in  the 
Service  &  Continue  therein  to  the  Close  of  the  War,  or  until 
Descharg'd  by  Congress,  &  to  the  Representatives  of  Such  Offs 
and  Soldiers  as  Shall  be  Slain  by  the  Enemy;  Such  Lands  to 
be  provided  by  the  United  States  and  Whatever  expense  Shall 
be  Necessary  to  procure  Such  Lands,  the  Said  expence  shall  be 
paid  and  Borne  by  the  States  in  the  same  proportion  as  the 
other  Expense  of  the  War. 

To  A  Colonel   500 Acres 

A  Lt.  Col 450 do 

A  Major 400 do 

A  Captain   300 do 

A  Lieutenant    200 do 

An  Ensign 150 do 

Each  non  Commissioned  Officer  &  Soldier.  100 do 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  107 

That  Appointment  of  all  officers  &  filling  up  Vacancies  (ex- 
cept Genl  Offs)  be  left  to  the  Governments  of  the  several 
States  and  that  every  State  provide  Arms,  Cloathing  and  every 
Necessary  for  its  Quota  of  Troops  According  to  the  foregoing 
estimate,  the  expense  of  the  Cloathing  to  be  Deducted  from  the 
pay  of  the  Soldiers  as  usual. 

That  all  Offs  be  Commissioned  by  Congress  That  it  be  Rec- 
ommended to  the  Several  States  that  they  take  the  most  Speedy 
and  effectual  measures  for  enlisting  their  Several  Quotas,  that 
the  money  to  be  given  for  Bounties  to  be  paid  by  the  Paymaster 
in  the  Department  where  the  Soldiers  Shall  inlist. 

That  each  Soldier  Receive  pay  and  Subsistance  from  the  time 
of  their  Enlistment. 

September  18th  1776 
Resolved,  that  if  the  Rations  be  Received  by  the  Officers  or 
privates  in  the  Continintal  Army  in  money,  they  be  paid  at  the 
rate  of  Eight  Ninetieth  part  of  a  Dollar  pr.  Ration.  That  the 
Bounty  and  grants  of  land,  Offered  by  Congress  by  a  Resolu- 
tion of  ye  1 6th  inst.  as  an  encouragement  to  the  Offs  and  Sol- 
diers to  engage  to  serve  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States 
during  the  War,  Shall  extend  to  all  who  are  or  Shall  be  en- 
listed for  that  term,  the  Bounty  of  ten  Dollars  which  any  of 
the  Soldiers  have  Received  from  the  Continent  on  an  account 
of  a  former  enlistment,  to  be  Reckoned  in  part  payment  of  ye 
twenty  Dollars  Offered  by  Said  Resolution: 

That  no  Off.  in  the  Continintal  Army  is  allowed  to  hold 
more  than  one  Commission. 

September   19th   1776 
That  the  Adjts  of  the  Regts  in  the  Continintal  Army  Be 
allowed  the  pay  and  Rations  of  Captains,  and  have  the  rank 
of  first  Lieutenants. 


108  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

In  order  to  prevent  the  Offs  and  Soldiers  Who  shall  be 
entitled  to  the  Lands  hereafter  to  be  granted  By  the  Resolution 
of  Congress  of  the  16th  inst,  from  Desposing  of  the  Same 
During  the  War. 

Resolved  that  this  Congress  will  not  grant  Lands  to  any 
person  or  persons  Claiming  under  the  Assignment  of  an  Officer 
or  Soldier. 

By  Order  of  the  Congress. 

Signed  John  Hancock 

President 


Head  Quarters  Ramapaugh  Clove  July  12th  1777 
Parole  Putman  C:    Sign  M  Dugall. 

Those  Regts  who  are  in  want  of  Shoes,  are  to  have  an  Off. 
Sent  to  Morristown  to  procure  them  as  soon  as  may  be,  and 
any  other  Articles  are  to  be  immedietly  applied  for,  that  no 
Delay  may  happen  when  orders  are  given  to  March. 

The  Court  Martial  Whereof  Col.  Price  is  President  to  Sit 
tomorrow  at  9  OClock  to  try  Such  Prisoners  as  may  be 
Brought  Before  them. 

The  Commissary  to  Deliver  out  one  Gill  of  Rum  this  Day 
to  each  man  in  this  Division. 


Countrey  Men,  and  fellow  Soldiers. 

When  I  Consider  the  Cause,  for  which  we  have  Drawn  our 
Swords,  and  the  Necessaty  of  Striking  an  effectual  Blow,  before 
we  Sheath  them  again,  I  feel  Joifull  hopes  arising  In  my  mind, 
that  in  one  day  an  opening  Shall  be  made  for  the  Restoration 
of  American  Liberty,  and  for  shaking  off  the  Infamous  Yoke 
of  British  Slaverv. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  109 

America  is  yet  free,  the  all  grasping  power  of  Briton  has 
not  yet  been  Able  to  seize  our  Liberty,  but  it  is  only  by  Valor. 
As  it  is  by  Arms,  that  the  brave  Acquire  Immortal  fame,  so 
it  is  by  arms,  that  the  sordid  must  defend  their  lives  6c  Prop- 
erties, or  lose  them.  We  are  the  verry  men,  my  friends,  who 
have  hitherto  set  bounds  to  the  Unmeasureable  Ambition  of  the 
Britons. 

In  Consequence  of  our  Inhabiting  the  more  inaccessable 
parts  of  the  Continent,  to  which  the  Shores  of  those  Countries 
on  the  Continent  are  enslaved  by  the  Britons  are  Invisible,  We 
have  hitherto  been  free  from  the  Common  Disgrace,  and  the 
Common  Sufferings,  We  lay  almost  out  of  the  Reach  of  fame 
itself.  But  We  must  not  expect  to  enjoy  this  untroubled 
Security  any  longer,  unless  we  Bestir  our  Selves  so  effectually, 
as  to  put  it  out  of  the  power  of  the  Enemy  to  Search  out  our 
Retreats,  and  Desturb  our  Repose.  If  we  do  not  curiosity 
alone  will  Set  them  a  Prying,  and  they  will  conclude,  that 
there  is  Some  what  worth  the  Labour  of  Conquering,  in  the 
Interior  parts  of  the  Continent,  merely  because  they  have  never 
Seen  them.  What  is  little  known  if  often  Coveted,  because  so 
little  known.  And  We  are  not  to  expect,  that  we  should 
escape  the  Ravage  of  the  General  Plunderers  of  mankind ;  by 
any  Sentiment  of  Moderation  in  them,  When  Provinces,  which 
are  more  Accessable,  come  to  be  Subdued,  they  will  then  force 
their  way  into  those,  which  are  harder  to  come  at.  For  We 
See,  that  if  A  Country  is  thought  to  be  powerfull  in  arms, 
the  Britons  attact  it,  Because  the  conquest  will  be  Glorious; 
if  Inconsiderable  in  the  Military  Art,  Because  the  Victory  will 
be  easey;  if  Rich,  they  are  drawn  thither  by  the  hope  of  plun- 
der; if  poore  by  the  desire  of  fame.  The  East  and  the  West, 
the  South  and  the  North,  the  face  of  the  whole  earth,  is  the 
Scene  of  their  Military  Atchievements ;    the  World  is  too  little 


no  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

for  their  ambition,  &  their  Avarice.  They  are  the  only  Nation 
ever  known  to  be  equally  desirous  of  Conquering  a  poor  king- 
dom as  A  Rich  one.  Their  Supreme  Joy  Seems  to  be  Rav- 
ageing,  fighting,  and  Shedding  of  blood;  and  when  they  have 
unpeopled  a  Region,  so  that  there  are  none  Left  alive  able  to 
bear  arms,  they  Say,  they  have  given  peace  to  that  Country. 
Nature  itself  has  pecularly  endeared  to  all  men,  their  Wives 
and  their  Children.  But  it  is  known  to  you  my  Countrymen 
that  here  to  fore  Our  Young  Men  were  daily  Draughted  off 
to  supply  the  Deficiencies  in  the  British  Army.  The  Wives, 
the  Sisters,  and  the  Doughters  of  the  Conquered  are  either 
exposed  to  their  Violence,  or  at  least  Corrupted  by  the  arts  of 
these  Cruel  Spoilers.  The  Fruits  of  our  Industry  are  plun- 
dered, to  make  up  the  taxes  imposed  on  us  by  oppressive  Aver- 
rice.  Americans  Sow  their  fields;  and  the  greedy  Britons 
Reap  them.  Our  verry  bodies  are  wTorn  out  in  carrying  on 
their  Military  Works;  and  our  toils  are  Rewarded  by  them 
with  abuse  and  Stripes.  Those,  who  are  born  to  Slavery,  are 
bought  and  Maintained  by  their  master.  But  this  Happy 
Continent  will  pay  for  being  enslaved,  and  feed  those  who 
enslave  it.  And  our  Portion  of  Disgrace  will  be  the  Bitterest, 
as  the  Inhabitants  of  America  are  the  last,  who  have  fallen 
under  the  galling  yoke.  Our  native  bent  against  tyrany  is  the 
Offence,  which  most  sensibly  irritates  those  Lordly  Usurpers. 
Our  Distance  from  the  Seat  of  Goverment,  and  our  natural 
Defence,  by  the  Ocean  render  us  obnoxious  to  their  Suspicions ; 
for  the  know  that  the  Americans  are  born  with  an  instinctive 
love  of  liberty ;  and  they  Conclude,  that  we  must  be  naturaly 
led  to  think  of  taking  the  advantage  of  our  Situation,  to  Dis- 
engage ourselves,  one  time  or  other  from  their  oppressions. 

Thus,  my  Countrymen  and   fellow  Soldiers,   suspected   and 
hated,  as  we  ever  must  be  by  the  Britons,  there  is  no  prospect 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  m 

of  our  enjoying  even  a  tolerable  State  of  Bondage  under  them. 
Let  us,  then,  in  the  name  of  all  that  is  Sacred,  &  in  defence 
of  all  that  is  dear  to  us,  resolve  to  exert  our  Selves,  if  not  for 
Glory,  at  least  for  Safety;  if  not  in  vindication  of  American 
honor,  at  least  in  Defence  of  our  lives.  How  near  were  the 
Brigatines  to  shaking  off  the  Yoke — led  on  too  by  a  Women; 
they  burnt  A  Roman  Settlement;  they  attacked  the  Dreaded 
Roman  Legions  in  their  Camp  had  not  their  partial  Success 
drawn  them  into  a  fatal  security,  the  business  was  done.  And 
shall  not  We,  of  the  United  States  Whose  territories  are  yet 
free,  <S:  whose  Strength  entire,  Shall  we  not,  my  fellow  Sol- 
diers, attempt  Some  what,  which  may  shew  them  foreign  Rav- 
agers,  that  they  have  more  to  do,  than  they  think  of,  before 
they  be  masters  of  the  whole  Continent. 

The  Brigantines,  according  to  Ptolemy,  inhabited  what  is 
now  called  Yorkshire  the  Bishopwick  of  Durham,  &c. 

But  after  all,  who  are  these  mighty  Britons;  are  they  Gods; 
or  Mortal  men,  like  ourselves;  Do  we  not  see,  that  they  fall 
into  the  same  errors,  and  Weaknesses,  as  others;  does  not 
peace  effiminate  them ;  Does  not  abundance  Debauch  them ; 
Does  not  Wantoness  enervate  them ;  Do  they  not  even  go  to 
excess  in  the  most  unmanly  vices  and  can  you  imagine,  that 
they  who  are  Remarkable  for  their  Valor;  What  then  do  we 
Dread;  Shall  I  tell  you  the  verry  truth,  my  fellow  Soldiers; 
It  is  by  means  of  our  intestine  Divisions,  that  the  English  have 
gained  so  great  advantages  over  us.  They  turn  the  misman- 
agement of  their  enemies  to  their  own  praise.  They  boast  of 
what  they  have  done,  &  say  nothing  of  what  we  might  have 
done,  had  we  been  so  wise  as  to  Unite  against  them.  What 
is  this  formidable  British  Army.  Is  it  not  Composed  of  a  Mix- 
ture of  People  from  Defferent  Countries ;  some  more,  some 
less;    disposed   to   Military  Atcheivements ;    some  more,   some 


ii2  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

less  Capable  of  bearing  fatigue  and  Hardship.  They  keep  to 
gether,  while  they  are  Successful.  Attack  them  with  Vigor 
Distress  them ;  you  will  see  them  move  Desunited  among  them- 
selves, that  we  are  now.  Can  any  one  Imagine  that  English, 
Irish,  Hessians  Hanoverians  and  with  Shame  I  must  add  Amer- 
icans, who  basely  lend,  for  a  time,  their  limbs,  and  their  lives, 
to  build  up  a  Forreign  tyrany;  can  one  imagine  that  these 
Will  not  be  longer  Enemies,  than  Slaves;  or  that  Such  an 
army  is  held  together  by  Sentiments  of  fidelity  or  affection; 
No;  the  only  body  of  union  among  them  is  fear.  And  when- 
ever terror  ceases  to  work  upon  the  minds  of  that  mixed  Mul- 
titude, they  who  now  fear,  will  then  hate,  their  tyranical  Mas- 
ter, On  our  side  there  is  every  possible  excitement  to  valour, 
the  British  Courage  is  not  as  ours,  In  flamed  by  the  thoughts 
of  Wives  and  children  in  danger  of  falling  into  the  hands  of 
the  Enemy.  They  have  no  parents  as  we  have  to  reproach 
them,  if  they  Should  Desert  their  infirm  old  age,  They  have 
no  Country  here  to  fight  for.  They  are  a  Motley  Collection 
of  Forreigners,  in  a  Land  wholly  unknown  to  them,  cut  off 
from  their  Native  Country,  hemmed  in  by  the  Surrounding 
Ocean  and  given  I  hope  a  prey  into  our  hands,  without  all 
possibility  of  escape.  Let  not  the  Sound  of  the  British  name 
affright  your  ears.  Nor  let  the  glare  of  gold  or  silver,  upon 
their  Armour,  dazzel  your  eyes,  It  is  not  by  gold,  or  Silver, 
that  men  are  either  Wounded  or  Defended ;  though  they  are 
Rendered  a  Richer  Prey  to  the  Conquerers.  Let  us  boldly 
attact  this  desunited  Rabble.  We  shall  find  among  them 
selves  a  Reinforcement  to  our  army.  The  Irish,  who  are  in- 
corporated into  their  forces,  will  through  shame  of  their  Coun- 
try's Cause  Deserted  by  them,  Quickly  leave  the  English,  and 
Come  over  to  us.  The  Scotch  Remembering  their  former 
Liberty,  and  that  it  was  the  English  who  deprived  them  of  it, 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  113 

will  forsake  their  tyrants,  and  join  the  assertors  of  Freedom. 
The  Hessians  who  Remain  in  their  army  will  follow  the 
example  of  their  Countrymen.  And  what  will  there  then  be 
to  fear.  On  our  Side,  an  Army  united  in  the  Cause  of  their 
Country,  their  Wives  their  Childres,  their  Aged  Parents,  their 
Liberties,  their  lives,  at  the  head  of  this  army  I  hope  I  do  not 
offend  against  Modesty  in  Saying,  there  is  a  general  Ready  to 
exert  all  his  Abilities,  and  to  Hazard  his  life  in  Leading  us 
to  Victory,  and  to  freedom. 

I  Conclude,  my  Countrymen  and  Fellow  Soldiers,  with 
puting  you  in  mind,  that  on  your  Beheavour  Depends  your 
future  enjoyment  of  peace  and  liberty,  or  your  Subjection  to 
a  Tyranical  Enemy,  with  all  its  Griveous  Consequences. 
When  therefore,  you  Come  to  engage — think  of  your  Ances- 
tors— &  think  of  your  posterity. 


Head  Quarters  Ramapaugh  Clove  13th  July  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  following  orders  of  march  to  be  observed  by  the  Divis- 
ion on  their  march  to  New  Windsor,  the  first  day  the  Brigade 
Commanded  by  Col.  Stone  to  march  in  front,  having  his  Bag- 
gage in  the  Rear,  the  Same  Advance  and  Rear  Guards  of 
Horse  and  foot  as  Specified  in  the  last  marching  orders,  the 
Baggage  in  Genls  DeBores  Brigade  to  follow  the  Rear  guard 
of  Col.  Stones  Brigade;  which  is  to  be  followed  by  Genl  De 
Bores  Brigade,  he  is  to  have  the  Same  advane'd  &  Rear  Guards 
of  Horse  &  foot  as  Specified  in  the  last  marching  orders,  &  the 
same  orders,  Respecting  the  Halting  &  Refreshing  the  men,  & 
to  prevent  their  Straggling  is  to  be  observed,  the  Artilery  of 
Col.  Stones  to  march  between  his  Advanced  guard  &  Brigade, 
that  of  Genl  DeBores,  to  march  Between  his  Rear  guard  & 


ii4  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

main  body,  the  Second  Day  Genl  De  Bores  to  march  in  front 
with  his  Baggage,  and  Col.  Stone  with  his  in  the  Rear,  keeping 
up  the  Same  order  of  march  as  to  guards,  Artilery,  Baggage, 
and  Troops,  only  changeing  the  front  Brigade  with  the  Artil- 
ery, Baggage  &c.  to  the  Rear,  &  the  Rear  to  the  front  Alter- 
nately. 

The  whole  Division  to  be  in  Readiness  to  march  as  soon  as 
the  Weather  will  permit. 

After  Orders  13th  July  1777 

Returns  of  the  Sick  in  Camp  to  be  made  immedietly  that 
proper  Offs  may  be  appointed  to  see  them  Convey'd  to  Pomp- 
ton,  each  Regt  to  have  two  Days  Provisions  immedietly 
Cook'd  for  tomorrow  and  next  day,  the  arms  to  be  Cleaned, 
immedietly  &  put  in  the  best  order  for  Action. 


Camp  at  Newborough  16th  July  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

That  a  Court  Martial  be  held  immedietly  for  the  Trial  of 
Such  Prisoners  as  may  be  brought  before  them,  the  Court  to 
Consist  of:  Capt.  Hazzard  President. 

Lt.  Quenouault  "^  "1   Lt.  Jordan 

Ens.  Bennet  *  J  Ens.  Kidd 

Sign'd  David  Hall  Col.  DR 
Proceedings  of  the  above  Court. 

Ellis  Flowers  of  Capt.  Hazzard  Compy  Confln'd  by  order 
of  Majr  Vaughen  for  Deserting  twice. 

The  Prisoner  being  Brought  before  the  Court,  Saith  that  be- 
ing Inlisted  when  in  Liquor;  &  having  had  liberty  to  go  for 
his   Cloaths,   and   being  over  persuaded   by  several   of  his   ac- 


3      >> 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  115 

quaintance  who  lived  in  Carlisle  County  was  the  Cause  of  his 
Deserting,  and  that,  he  was  unacquainted  with  the  Conse- 
quences of  Deserting. 

The  Court  find  the  Prisoner  guilty  of  a  Breach  of  ye  1st 
Article  of  the  6  Section  &  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  100 
Lashes  on  his  bare  back  well  Laid  on  and  Stoppage  to  be  made 
out  of  his  pay,  till  the  expences  for  taking  him  up  are  paid. 

James  Addams  of  Capt.  Pattens  Company  Confin'd  by  said 
Capt.  for  leaving  his  guard  at  Philada. 

2  ^        Evidence — Serjt   Davis  of   Capt.    Hollands   Compy   being 
i/T  J3    duely  Sworn,  Deposeth  that  the  prisoner  was  on  guard  with 

3  &    him   at   Philadelphia,   &  that   two   days   Before  they  were  to 
.22    march  from  thence,  Strict  orders  were  issued  that  no  Soldier 

Should  leave  his  post,  that  the  prisoner  informed  some  of  the 

guard,  that  he  wanted  to  go  and  have  his  fire  lock  chang'd, 

^  'I    that  he  and  another  soldier  went,  the  other  Returned,  but  the 

3    0.    Prisoner  did  not,  that  he  had  not  seen  him  since  till  this  day 

o     ° 

o  *«    then  he  Confin'd  him  by  order  of  Capt.  Patten. 

Q       C  . 

£    rt        Prisoner  Saith  on  his  Defence  that  he  went  to  see  a  friend 
5    °    in  Tun  Alley,  was  taken  sick  there  &  that  Before  he  was  able 

to  march  the  guard  was  gone  that  he  took  A  passage  in  a 

Wilmington  boat,  and  applied  to  Lt.  Purvis  there,  that  he  was 
[3  v  Desirious  to  join  his  Compy  but  the  Lt.  told  him  A  Detach- 
^  ment  was  going  to  Camp  and  that  he  might  Stay  and  go  with 

~    *""    them  that  he  had  Liberty  to  go  and  see  his  Wife,  &  returned 
a    at  the  time  limited  him,  was  Sick  there  at  his  Return  three 

Days,  and  that  he  did  several  services  there  as  ordered  him  by 

Lt.  Purvis. 

The  Court  having  duely  Considered  the  evidence  and  the 

Prisoner  Defence,  do  find  him  guilty  of  a  Breach  of  the  2nd 
E  ^  Article  of  the  6th  Section  and  do  Sentence  him  to  receive  100 
2  rS    Lashes  on  his  bare  back  well  laid  on. 


bJD    o 
53     «j 


> 


•4-1 

'— 
o 


u6  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

The  Commanding  Off.  Approves  the  Sentence  &  orders  it  to 
be  put  in  execution   this  afternoone  when   the  Regiment  Pa- 

David  Hall 

Col.  DR 


Head  Quarters  New  borough  16th  July  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  Where  of  Col.  Price  is  president  to 
sit  to  morrow  at  Sun  Rise,  on  the  other  side  the  North  River 
to  try  Lt.  Seymour,  &  the  QR  Master  of  Capt.  De  Vernegour's 
troop  of  Horse  Jas  M  Mullen  alias  King  alias  Cain  McMullen 
confin'd  on  Suspicion  of  being  an  Enemy  to  America  by  Majr 
Powell  try'd  by  a  Genl  Court  Martial  Whereof  Col.  Presi- 
dent, the  Court  are  of  opinion  that  he  is  not  guilty  of  the 
Charge,  the  Genl  approves  the  Sentence  and  orders  him  to  be 
released. 

Phillip  McDonald  Corporal  &  Dennis  McCalahan  Private 
try'd  by  the  Same  Court  martial  for  Desertion ;  the  Court  are 
of  opinion  that  they  are  guilty  of  the  Charge;  &  having  De- 
signed by  sold  their  arms  &c.  and  do  Sentence  the  Corporal  to 
be  Reduced  to  a  private  Sentinal,  and  each  to  Receive  200 
Lashes  on  the  bare  back  well  laid  on,  the  Genl  Approves  the 
Sentence  and  orders  it  to  take  place  to  morrow  at  6  OClock; 
Joseph  Wood  A  Private  try'd  by  the  same  Court  for  Stealing 
nine  Stamp'd  Handkfs,  the  Court  are  of  opinion  he  is  guilty 
of  the  theift,  &  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  150  Lashes  on  his 
bare  back  will  laid  on,  the  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  and 
orders  it  to  take  place  to  morrow  at  6  OClock. 

Col.  Stone  immedietly  to  supply  the  Commissary  with 
Butchers. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   K1RKW00D  117 

After  Orders  16th  1777 

The  Qr.  Master  &  Adjutants  of  each  Regt  immedietly  to 
make  out  returns  to  Head  Quarters  of  the  Number  of  men 
and  tents  on  hand  &  the  number  wanting  to  Compleat. 

Lost  the  15th  Instant  in  or  near  the  Encampment  of  this 
Division  A  Red  morocco  pocket  book  Containing  one  30  Dollar 
bill,  some  small  bills  &  some  Accounts,  which  will  be  useless  to 
any  person  except  the  owner,  if  any  person  has  found  Said 
book,  &  will  Return  it  to  Majr  Morris  A.D.C.  or  any  of  the 
Brigade  Majors  so  as  the  owner  may  have  it  again,  shall  have 
20  Dollars  Reward  from  Andrew  Taylor  Deputy  QR  M  Genl. 


Wednesday  16th  Inst. 
A  Women  duck'd  belonging  to  this  Division  for  stealing  & 
Insolence. 


Thursday   17th 
Our  Brigade  Cross'd  the  North  River  to  Fish  Kiln  Landing 
about  one  mile,  &  from  thence  to  Fish  Kiln  Town   5   Miles 
Distance  from  Sd  Landing  where  we  Encamp'd  in  an  Orchard. 


Head  Quarters  Fish  Kiln's  in  Dutchess  County 

New  York  State  18th  July  1777 
Division  Orders 

A  trusty  Serjt.  and  12  men  to  be  Draughted  from  each  Regt 
of  the  Division  who  are  to  act  as  Pioneers  &  to  be  Severally 
furnished  with  4  handsaws,  &  8  axes  and  that  each  Brigade  of 
the  Division  be  furnished  with  one  Grindstone  for  the  purpose 


n8  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

of  keeping  their  Tools  in  proper  order  Lt.  Seymour  of  the  light 
Dragoons  tried  by  a  Genl  Court  Martial  for  Saying  (when 
Capt.  De  Vandejour  ordered  him  to  see  the  mens  Accoutri- 
ments  was  in  good  order)  that  it  was  the  Business  of  the  Ser- 
jeants &  Corporals,  the  Court  are  of  opinion  unanimously  that 
Lt.  Seymour  be  Released  with  Honor  from  his  Arrest  &  Join 
his  troops  the  Genl  approving  the  Sentence,  at  the  same  time 
Requests  that  Officers  in  future  will  be  more  Carefull  of  arrest- 
ing others  without  a  sufficient  Cause,  as  such  Conduct  will  be 
Attended  with  Serious  Consequence  the  Commanding  Officers 
of  Regts  to  examine  into  the  Amunition  of  the  men  and  Com- 
pleat  them  to  24  Rounds  Pr  man. 

1  Capt.,  2  Subt.,  2  Serjts,  2  Corpls,  1  Drum,  1  Fife  &  50 
Privates  to  be  Stationed  as  A  Picquet  at  the  forks  of  the  Road 
Leading  to  the  Ferry  &  New  York  as  the  Genl  expects  to 
move  tomorrow  he  Desires  the  Division  to  hold  themselves  in 
Readiness  for  that  purpose,  and  Draw  three  Days  Provisions 
immedietly.  A  Main  guard  to  Consist  of  I  C,  I  S,  2  C,  24  P 
who  are  to  Collect  and  take  care  of  all  prisoners  from  Quarter 
Guards  of  Regts  who  come  within  cognizance  of  a  Genl  Court 
Martial;  Field  Officer  of  the  Day  from  Genl  De  Bores  Brig- 
ade Adjutant  of  the  Day  from  the  same. 

Those  QR.  Masters  who  have  not  made  out  their  Returns 
for  tents  to  make  them  immedietly  to  Col.  Sherriff  D  Qr.  Mr. 
General.  Phillip  McDonald  being  try'd  by  a  Genl  Court  Mar- 
tial &  to  Receive  200  Lashes,  the  Genl  at  the  Request  of  Col. 
Antill  &  some  Faivourable  Circumstances  having  appeared  in 
his  faivour  from  steady  adherance  to  his  Duty  remits  the  Sen- 
tence as  an  Encouragement  to  others  to  behave  equally  well,  & 
orders  him  to  be  Restored  to  his  Rank  &  dismis'd  from  his 
guard. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  119 

Head  Quarters  Fish  Kiln  19th  July. 
Division  Orders 

The  Several  Paymasters  immedietly  to  make  out  their  ab- 
stracts &  have  them  properly  examined  that  the  troops  may 
Draw  their  pay  as  soon  as  possible,  Should  they  not  be  able  to 
Draw  it  on  this  Side  the  River,  they  will  apply  to  Head  Quar- 
ters for  it. 

Field  Officer  of  the  Day  to  morrow  from  Col.  Stones  Brig- 
ade.    The  Adjutant  of  the  Day  from  ye  same. 

The  Picquets  at  the  forks  of  the  Road  to  be  properly  Re- 
leived. 


Camp  at  Fish  Kiln  19th  July  1777 

Regimental  Orders 

That  A  Court  Martial  be  held  immedietly  for  the  tryal  of 
Such  Prisoners  as  may  be  brought  before  them,  the  Court  to 
Consist  of  Capt.  Nathaniel  Mitchel  President. 

Lt.  John  Wilson     1  ,         f  Lt.  M  Kennon 

^members  J 
Lt.  James  Bratton  J  1  Ens.  Skulington 

Proceedings  of  the  Court: 

John  Pemberton  of  Capt.  Kirkwood's  Company  Confin'd  by 
Ens.  Truelock  on  Suspicion  of  Stealing  A  Watch;  Prisoner 
being  brought  before  the  Court  Pleads  not  guilty.  Evidence 
— John  Chambers  being  duely  Sworn  deposeth  that  when  he 
was  in  the  Barracks  at  Philada  the  Prisoner  came  frequently  to 
his  Room  to  see  some  of  his  Acquaintance  who  were  there,  and 
Seeing  a  Watch  hanging  up  in  the  Room,  the  Prisoner  ask'd 
him  whose  Watch  that  was,  upon  which  he  Reply'd  that  it  be- 
long'd  to  Joseph  Purdie  a  Drummer  in  Capt.  Henery's  Compy, 
the  Prisoner  then  asked  him  if  he  knew  whether  or  not  Purdie 


iao  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

would  Sell  it,  he  answer'd  he  believed  he  would,  the  Prisoner 
took  down  the  watch  &  opened  her  he  farther  Saith  that  from 
that  time  since  he  has  never  seen  the  Watch.  Evidence — 
Gregory  Peirce  being  Duely  Sworn  Deposeth  that  in  the  Bar- 
racks at  Philada  he  saw  the  prisoner  have  the  watch  in  his 
hand,  but  whether  he  took  her  or  not  he  Cannot  Say. 

Prisoner  on  his  Defence  saith  he  was  in  Liquor  at  the  time 
he  went  into  the  Room  in  the  Barracks  &  seeing  the  Watch 
took  her  down,  &  looked  at  her,  and  then  put  her  up  again. 

The  Court  after,  a  Due  Consideration  of  the  matter  before 

them,  are  of  opinion  that  he  is  not  guilty  of  the  Charge  laid 

against  him,  &  that  he  should  be  immedietly  Releas'd  from  his 

Confinement. 

Natt.  Mitchel  President 

Approved  of  &  ordered  that  the  Prisoner  should  be  imme- 
dietly released  from  his  Confinement. 

David  Hall 

Col.  DR. 

After  Orders  19th  July  1777 

The  Genl  Desires  the  Qr  Master  of  each  Regt  to  make  A 
Return  of  Cloathing  wanting,  &  send  it  by  a  trusty  Off.  to- 
morrow morning,  this  Officer  is  to  receive  A  Letter  from  Genl 
Sullivan  to  Head  Quarters  where  he  will  be  supplied. 


Head  Quarters  Fish  Kiln  20th  July  1777 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  to  sit  tomorrow  to  try  Barney 
M  Manus  of  Col.  Gunby's  Regt,  and  others  confin'd  by  Col. 
Antill's  order  on  Suspicion  of  theft,  the  Division  to  march  to 
morrow  morning  between  day  Break  &  Sun  rise  towards  peeks 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  121 

Kiln,  about  12  or  15  Miles  to  the  most  Convenient  ground,  & 
there  incamp  till  further  orders  The  Qr  Masters  of  Regts 
to  make  a  Return  of  the  number  of  Waggons  belonging  to  each 
Regt  to  the  QR  Master  Genl  of  the  Division ;  this  afternoon 
at  4  OClock  &  the  QR.M  Genl  is  to  proportion  the  number  of 
teams  agreeable  to  the  Regulations  of  Congress,  and  those  that 
have  neglected  to  make  their  returns  to  the  QR.  M  Genl  are 
to  send  them  in,  and  Draw  their  tents  immedietly. 


Monday  21st  July  marched  from  Fish  Kiln  to  Peeks  Kiln 
being  18  Miles  we  pass'd  through  A  Continental  Village  where 
they  Informed  us  that  23  Horses  had  Died  that  morning  Be- 
ing over  heated  by  Drawing  Cannon  the  Day  before;  And 
encamp'd  on  the  Brow  of  a  hill;  Westchester  County.  Tues- 
day 22nd  we  struck  out  tents  and  March'd  5  Miles  further  on 
the  Road  Leading  to  North  Castle  where  we  encamped  on  A 
verry  stony  hill.  Wednesday  23  Struck  our  tents  and  march'd 
4  miles  further  on  the  same  Road  and  encamped  near  the  fork 
of  the  Road  that  Leads  to  Danbury. 


Head  Quarters  Courtlands  Mannor  July  23rd  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Genl  desires  Offs  commanding  Regts  and  others  to  be 
verry  exact  in  observing  the  orders  he  gave  at  the  arival  of  the 
Division,  that  no  Off.  leave  the  Camp  without  leave  from  his 
Superior  Off.  &  that  no  soldier  stray  beyond  the  Confines  of 
the  encampment  without  a  written  Licence  from  the  Com- 
manding Officer  of  the  Compy  he  Belongs  to,  the  Genl  is  sorry 
to  observe  that  the  orders  he  issued  this  morning,  were  not  so 
Strictly  observed  as  they  ought  to  have  been,  he  therefore  Re- 


122  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

quests  that  all  Officers  observe  and  see  them  executed  with  the 
greatest  Punctuality,  and  to  have  the  Offenders  punished  on 
the  Spot:  If  any  Soldier  leave  the  encampment  and  are  guilty 
of  any  outrages  or  unsoldier  like  behaviour,  the  Commanding 
Officer  of  the  Compy,  he  or  they  belonging  to  will  be  Con- 
sidered culpable,  the  Rolls  to  be  Called  at  troop  and  Retreat 
beating,  when  if  there  be  any  absent  they  must  be  immedietly 
Sought  for,  &  Confln'd  for  Disobedience  of  orders,  the  Sol- 
diers to  parade  at  all  times  Arm'd  and  accoutred. 

Brigade  Major  for  tomorrow  Powell. 

Adjutant  for  do  Bartholmew. 

The  Picquet  to  be  Relieved  at  10  OClock. 


Head  Quarters  July  24th  1777 
Division  Orders 

Each  Regt  to  Clear  a  Parade  in  front  of  their  encampment 
and  to  clear  their  Streets  of  the  Stones,  which  Stones  must  be 
thrown  in  the  front  of  the  Parade,  a  fatigue  party  from  each 
Regt  of  20  men  under  the  QR.  Mr.  Serjants  to  dig  necessary 
holes  in  the  rear  of  the  encampment,  &  close  to  the  edge  of  the 
Woods;  any  Soldier  &c.  who  shall  be  caught,  doing  his  occa- 
tions  any  where  but  in  the  holes  dug  for  that  purpose  will  be 
severely  punished,  the  Camp  Colour  men  to  cover  the  excre- 
ments in  the  holes  of  their  Respective  Regiments  every  morn- 
ing, &  also  take  care  that  no  filth,  bones  &c.  be  found  within 
their  Respective  Districts,  A  Camp  Colour  man  to  be  appointed 
to  each  Company,  who  together  with  the  Pioneers  will  parade 
every  morning  when  the  Pioneers  march  beats,  the  Pioneer  to 
cut  wood  for  their  Regts  under  the  Inspection  of  an  Officer,  & 
fatigue  parties  to  be  sent  from  each  Regt  to  bring  in  wood  for 
the  use  of  their  Respective  Regts. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  123 

After  Orders  24th  July  1777 

Genl  Debores  orders  that  there  be  5  Capts  10  Subs  10 
Serjts  10  Corps  5  Drums,  5  Fifes  &  250  Privates  out  of  each 
Brigade  Commanded  by  Genl  Sullivan,  to  be  ready  to  march 
any  hour  the  Genl  chuses  to  call  for  them,  they  must  have 
their  Knapsacks,  Blankets,  and  two  days  Provisions,  every  man 
of  them  must  have  their  Arms  in  good  order,  and  have  their 
Amunition  Compleated  to  24  Rounds. 


Camp  on  a  Hill  Cortlands  Manor  24th  July  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

The  men  to  have  their  arms  in  good  order  &  their  Flints 
well  fix'd  in  their  Pieces,  with  lead  or  leather,  the  Serjts  of 
each  Compy  to  see  this  put  in  execution. 


Evening  Orders  22nd  July  near  Cramp  Pond.     (Omitted) 

John  Murphy  of  the  2nd  &  Daniel  Brown  of  the  7th  Mary- 
land Regts  &  Canady  Bay  of  the  Delaware  Regt  tried  by  a 
Genl  Court  Martial  whereof  Col.  Price  is  president  for  house 
breaking,  Stealing  and  Beating  the  Inhabitants  the  Court  are 
unanimously  of  opinion  that  Murphy  and  Brown,  are  guilty  of 
the  Charge  &  that  they  should  suffer  Death,  &  therefore  do 
Sentence  them  to  be  hanged  until  they  are  dead ;  The  Court 
do  Sentence  Canady  Bay,  to  Receive  50  Lashes  well  laid  on 
Barney  M.  Manus  of  Col.  Gunby's  Regt.  Tried  by  the  same 
Court  for  Marauning  and  absenting  himself  all  night  from 
Camp,  the  Prisoner  Confessing  the  Crime,  the  Court  do  Sen- 
tence him  to  receive  100  Lashes  well  Laid  on;  The  Genl 
Approves    the    above    Sentence    and    orders    the    execution    of 


124  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Canady  Byay  and  Barney  M.  Manus  to  take  place  to  morrow 
at  9  OClock  on  the  march,  the  time  for  the  execution  of  the 
other  two,  to  be  made  known  in  future  order. 


July  25th  1777 
This  Evening  our  Division  were  ordered  to  parade  to  see 
Jn    Murphy   &   Daniel    Brown    Hanged,    they   being   brought 
under  the  gallows  the  Genl  granted  them  3   Days  longer  to 
live. 


Saturday  26th  July 
Struck  tents  and  march'd  to  Peaks  hill  Landing  from  thence 
to  Kings  Ferry  to  the  North  River  being   14  Miles  and  en- 
camp'd  there. 

Head  Quarters  Kings  ferry  26th  July  1777 

Parole  Peeks  Hill  C  Sign  Ramsey. 

Brigadier  Genl  DeBores  orders  that  the  Division  by  ready 
to  Cross  the  North  River  to  morrow  morning  at  Day  break 
the  Baggage  to  be  ready  at  the  same  time,  Genl  Deborres 
Brigade  to  Cross  first. 

His  Excellency  Genl  Washington  has  ordered,  that  a  Suffi- 
cient number  of  Waggons  be  ordered  to  Carry  the  tents,  no 
other  Baggage  to  be  put  in  them,  and  they  must  not  be  heavy 
loaded,  that  nothing  might  hinder  us  of  Arriving  in  time  where 
we  are  to  go ;  the  Commissary  will  Strive  all  means  to  get 
hard  Bread  for  the  use  of  the  Division  on  the  Road.  The 
Waggon  M.  Genl  to  order  two  Waggons  to  be  ready  to  march 
in  the  Rear  of  each  Brigade,  to  take  in  the  Sick  &  the  lame. 
The  remainder  of  the  Baggage  will  Stay  behind  the  Division 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  125 

under  the  Command  of  1  C,  2  L,  2  S,  2  C,  60  P,  1  D,  1  F 
which  each  Brigade  will  furnish  an  equal  number,  Genl  De- 
bores  to  furnish  1  C,  1  L,  1  S,  1  C,  1  D,  1  F,  30  P  Col. 
Stones  1  L,  1  S,  1  C,  30  P  the  Capt.  that  Commands  will 
strive  and  bring  up  the  Baggage  in  the  Rear  of  the  Division, 
as  soon  as  possibly  he  can;  His  Excllency  Genl  Washington 
has  wrote  to  Genl  Debores  this  Day,  that  Several  Complaints, 
came  to  him  of  our  Division  Plundering  the  Inhabitants  as 
they  pass,  Genl  DeBores  begs  the  Superiors  will  order  their 
Capts  not  to  let  any  of  their  men  out  of  Camp  without  a 
permit  in  Writing.  No  Women  to  go  with  the  Division,  they 
are  to  stay  with  the  Baggage  &  none  of  them  allowed  to  go 
on  the  Waggons  except  such  Weomen,  as  the  Capt  may  judge 
is  realy  Sick. 

Camp  Near  Kings  Ferry  28th  July  1777 

Brigade  Genl  Debores  orders  the  Division  will  be  Ready  to 
march  at  2  OClock.  Col.  Stones  in  the  front  two  Pieces  of 
Artilery  in  the  front  with  their  Baggage,  and  after  that  each 
one  Alternately,  Genl  Devores  Requests  the  former  order  for 
the  Waggons  may  be  observed,  each  Commander  of  each  Regt 
will  take  Care  to  suffer  nothing  to  be  put  into  the  Waggons 
but  the  tents,  the  Rest  of  the  Baggage  will  follow  after  the 
Division  the  Genl  also  Requests  all  the  field  Officers  and 
others  of  the  Division  to  take  Care  that  the  Greatest  Care  be 
observed  on  the  march  every  day  that  no  Soldier  be  going 
before  to  enter  into  the  Houses,  burn  the  fences  or  Commit 
other  abuses. 

Sunday  being  ye  27th  inst.  our  Division  Cross'd  the  North 
River  and  encamped  1^  Miles  from  the  ferry  on  the  28th  we 
marched  9  Miles  to  A  place  called  Cackgat  on  ye  27th  Ult  the 


126  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Revd  Mr.  Leonard  thought  to  have  deprived  himself  of  his 
life  by  Cutting  his  throat  with  A  Rasor  but  Unfortunately 
mist  his  aim ;  the  wound  was  so  deep  that  his  life  was  much 
despair'd  of. 

Evening  Orders  28th  July  1777 
The  Genl  Orders  the  Division  will  be  in  Readiness  at  Break 
of  Day,  Genl  Devores  Brigade  will  march  in  front  with  the 
Artilery  belonging  to  them  and  their  amunition  and  Baggage 
after  marches.  The  Tent  Waggons  of  each  Brigade,  and  Ye 
Comp'y  stores  after  them  wich  will  be  followed  by  Col.  Stones 
Brigade,  after  that  the  Baggage  of  all  the  Division  will  follow 
with  a  guard  of  60  men  as  Usual.  Genl  Debore  Requires 
the  last  time,  all  the  Field  Offs  and  others  of  the  Division 
take  care  that  the  greatest  order  in  the  march  may  be  observ'd 
every  Day;  no  Soldier  to  go  on  Before  it  is  Strictly  order'd 
that  no  Soldier  go  into  the  Houses  or  Barns  to  take  straw  or 
any  other  thing  belong  to  the  Inhabitants,  It  is  like  wise 
Strictly  ordered  upon  pain  of  50  Lashes  to  burn  fences  or  any 
thing  belonging  to  the  Inhabitants;  The  straw  will  be  Dis- 
tributed Regularly  to  all  Soldiers  at  every  Camp  they  come  to. 


29th  do. 
Struck  tents  and  march'd   to  A  place  Called   Paramus    13 
Miles  distant  from  Carkgat  Bergen  County  West  Jersey. 


Camp  Paramus  29th  July  1777 

C.  Sign  Gunby. 

By  Genl  Debores  orders  the  Division  will  be  in  Readiness 
at  Break  of  Day;    Col.  Stones  Brigade  to  march  in  front  the 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  127 

same  orders  for  the  Waggons  will  be  observed ;  the  Genl  Re- 
quires that  the  Gentlemen  Offs  will  be  exactly  in  the  Road 
with  their  Divisions  and  Encamp  in  the  order  of  their  Compy. 
No  Gentlemen  Officers  will  lodge  in  any  house  Without  leave 
from  the  Genl,  the  same  Orders  to  be  observed  Respecting  the 
Soldiers  Commiting  Hostilities. 

30th  July.  Wee  Struck  our  tents  and  Marched  9  Miles  to 
A  Place  Called  Psaic  falls  which  place  afforded  two  great 
Curiosities,  the  one  was  the  Cataracks  or  falls  which  fell  about 
100  foot  from  the  upper  part  of  Sd  falls  to  the  Surface  of  the 
River;  the  other  was  A  Man  of  23  years  of  age  Who  Lay 
in  a  Cradle  from  his  youth  his  head  Being  the  Most  Remark- 
able, was  In  my  opinion,  Between  22  &  24  Inshes  long,  his 
forehead  about  12  Inshes  broad  across  the  Eyes  with  out  any 
fall  on  either  Side,  his  Body  of  the  Common  Size,  his  arms  & 
hands  about  the  Size  of  a  Child  of  7  years  old,  having  no  use 
of  his  Right  arm,  but  Could  wave  the  other  so  much  as  to 
keep  the  flies  of  his  face,  he  had  no  use  of  his  leges  which  was 
like  a  Child  of  the  same  age  with  the  other  he  could  talk  both 
Low  Dutch  and  english  but  in  a  verry  low  voice,  Could 
Repeat  the  most  of  the  Shorter  Catachism  by  heart,  from 
thence  we  Proceeded  the  Same  Day  3  Miles  Blow  the  Acquac- 
anack  Bridge  on  Sd.  River  in  Essex  County  which  Days  march 
was  20  Miles. 

N.  B.  This  man  whome  I  have  Been  Describing  upon  Seeing 
Some  of  our  Weomen  form'd  a  laugh  and  looked  with  the 
greatest  earnestness  at  them  and  at  the  Same  time  I  saw  him 
put  his  left  hand  under  the  Cloaths  But  Shall  write  no  more 
of  what  I  saw. 

July  31st.  We  struck  our  tens  and  march'd  2  Miles  to  the 
West  of  Newark  where  we  Stop'd  to  Refresh  at  Which  time 
there  was  a  Court  Martial  held  on  one  of  the  Inhabitants  of 


128  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

the  place  where  We  encamped  the  night  before,  his  crime  was 
Perswaiding  the  Soldiers  to  Desert  to  the  Enemy  his  Name 
w  as  Richard  Ennis,  The  Court  found  him  guilty  by  his  own 
Confession,  and  sentenced  him  to  be  hanged,  which  was  put  in 
execution  in  two  hours  after,  being  about  5  OClock  P.  M. 

Our  Division  march'd  from  thence  and  left  him,  Hanging 
for  his  Brethern  to  Cut  him  down ;  We  marched  within  one 
Mile  of  Spring  Field,  our  Days  March  was  about  13  Miles. 
Said  Ennis  was  not  cut  down  from  where  he  was  Hanging 
until  the  next  day  about  8  OClock. 


August  1  st.     By  Day  Break  Struck  our  tents  and  march'd 
by  the  way  of  the  Scotch  Plains  to  Quible  Town  which  is  15 

Miles. 


August  2nd.  From  Quibble  we  Proceeded  on  our  march  to 
Bon  brook  and  encamp'd  one  Mile  West  Said  town  which 
days  march  Consisted  of  8  Miles;  here  we  Stop'd  the  Remain- 
der part  of  the  Day  to  give  our  men  an  oppertunity  of  Clean- 
ing their  Cloaths. 

Somerset  County. 


Bon  brook  2nd  Augst  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

That  the  Offs  of  each  Compy  take  perticular  care  that  the 
Arms  immidietly  be  put  in  good  order  belonging  to  their  Re- 
spective Companies. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  129 

Head  Qrtrs  Bond  brook  2nd  Augst  1777 
Division  Orders 

Genl  Deborre  orders  the  Surjeons  of  the  Division  to  make 
an  immediet  Return  of  all  the  Sick  in  the  Respective  Regts  to 
the  Deputy  Qr  M.  General  this  order  to  be  Complied  with 
by  6,  OClock  this  evening; 

After  Orders 
E.  Sign  Vanhorne. 

The  Division  will  Beat  the  Genl  at  y2  after  four  OClock 
&  be  ready  to  march  at  five,  Col.  Stone's 

Brigade  to  march  in  front,  the  Sam'e  order  for  the  Waggons 
&  the  guards  will  be  observed.  The  Genl  is  verry  thank  full 
for  the  good  order  the  Gentlemen  Offs  have  observed  on  the 
Road,  he  is  well  Satisfied  with  the  greatest  part  of  the  Sol- 
diers; but  some  of  them  last  night  have  Robbed  a  man  of  A 
Hundred  Dollars,  he  hopes  that  if  the  good  and  honest  Sol- 
diers descover  that  Crime,  they  will  give  notice  to  me  or  to 
their  Field  Officers. 


Sunday  Augst  3rd.  Struck  tents  &  March'd  about  7  Miles 
to  A  place  Call'd  Pluckanim  in  Somerset  County  from  thence 
to  Veal  town  in  Morris  County  being  about  8  Miles,  &  there 
encamp'd  (in  all  15  Miles. 


Camp  Near  Veal  town  3rd  Augst  1777 
Division  Orders 

C.  Sign  Lee. 
The  Genl  to  Beat  to  morrow  at  5  OClock,  the  Division  to 
march  at  y2  past  5  Brigdr  Genl  De  Borres  Brigade  in  front, 


i3o  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

the  same  orders  for  the  Waggons  &  guards  will  be  observed, 
20  Pioneers,   10  from  each  Brigade  Commanded  by  A  Subn. 
will  march  at  5,  Before  the  Division  to  repair  the  Roads,  the 
Offs  will  take  Care  to  Conduct  them  in  the  best  order. 
I.  G.  Hamelton  A.  B.  Majr. 


Monday  4th  August  1777 
Strick  tents  &  march'd  through  Morris  town  to  a  Village 
Called   Hannover   in   Morris   County  being  About    10   Miles, 
there  Encamp'd   in  A  Stony  Orchard;    this  day  arrived  here 
Majr  Genl  Sullivan  having  been  sick  at  the  Fish  Kills. 


Camp  at  Hanover  4th  Augst  1777 

Proceedings  of  A  Genl  Court  Martial. 

Jas.  Carter  of  the  3rd  Maryland  Regt  tryed  by  Said  Court 
on  Suspicion  of  having  Stole  money  from  Micaia  Dunn  the 
Court  is  of  opinion  that  Jas  Carter  is  guilty  of  the  Charge  & 
do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  500  Lashes  &  to  return  to  Maica 
Dunn  all  the  money  found  in  his  possission  amounting  to  26 
Dollars  i/3rd  of  a  Dollar,  &  that  35  Dollars  be  Stop'd  out  of 
his  pay,  at  the  rate  of  25  pr  month  by  his  commanding  Offs  & 
to  be  paid  to  Said  Dunn  or  his  order. 

The  Genl  approves  the  Sentence  and  orders  it  to  be  put  in 
exectuion  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock. 


Camp  at  Hanover  5th  Augst  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

A  Weekly  Return  to  be  made  and  Delivered  to  Mr.  Lucas 
of  the  Delaware  Regt  this  Day. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  131 

Camp  at  Hanover  5th  July  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

That  the  Commanding  Officers  of  Companies  take  Perticular 
care  that  their  Arms  are  forthwith  put  in  good  order;  That 
they  immedietly  make  out  their  pay  Rolls  for  the  month  of 
July;  That  they  use  their  utmost  diligence  in  preventing  any 
Inquiry  being  done  to  the  properties  of  the  Inhabitants  of  this 
place. 

Head  Quarters  Hanover  Township  Morris  County 

5th  August  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Court  Martial  Whereof  Col.  Price  was  President  is 
Desolved,  the  Genl  Returns  them  his  hearty  thanks  for  their 
service. 

A  Genl  Court  Martial  to  Sit  to  morrow  Morning  at  9 
OClock,  to  try  Ens.  Farmer,  for  beating  Thos  Allen  a  Soldier 
in  Col.  Prices  Regt  also  to  try  Adjt  Edley  for  beating  a  Negro 
Belonging  to  the  3rd  Maryland  Regt,  likewise  to  try  Majr 
Mullen,  Brigade  Major  to  Genl  Deborre,  for  Ungentleman 
like  and  unsoldier  like  beheaviour,  and  for  giving  Impertinent 
language  to  Genl  De  Borre  at  the  Head  of  his  troops,  and  for 
being  intoxicated  with  Liquor,  And  Contemptiously  tearing  A 
Coppy  of  his  arrest ;  the  Court  to  try  such  other  matters  as  may 
be  brought  Before  them,  &  to  exist  till  further  orders.  Prisi- 
dent  of  the  Court  Lt.  Col.  Smith,  2  Captains  &  4  Subalterns 
from  Genl  De  borre's  Brigade,  3  Captains  &  3  Subalterns  from 
Col.  Stones,  the  Brigade  Major  to  Notify  them  immedietly. 

Nothing  can  be  more  pleasing  to  the  Genl  than  to  hear  from 
Genl  De  borre,  &  from  the  other  officers  of  the  Division  of  the 
Regular  and  orderly  Beheaviour  of  the  Soldiers  of  this  Division 


132  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

while  he  was  absent,  a  continiance  of  Such  conduct,  will  not 
only  wipe  of  the  Aspersions  Cast  upon  this  by  Divisions  but 
raise  it  high  in  the  eye  of  the  Commander  in  Cheif,  the  Army 
in  General  and  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Country,  in  order  to 
effect  this,  the  Genl  earnestly  requests  of  the  faithful  &  honest 
Soldiers  that  they  use  every  means  in  their  power  to  discover  & 
Inform  against  Such  persons  as  may  in  future  by  their  Licen- 
tious Behaviour,  attempt  to  bring  infamy  in  this  Division. 

In  order  that  the  Soldiers  may  as  much  as  posssible  be  en- 
abled to  rest  themselves  from  their  fatague,  the  guards  to  be  as 
Small  as  possible,  &  no  duty  to  be  done  but  what's  realy  nec- 
essary. 

The  Field  Officers  of  this  Division  are  to  attend  at  the 
Genls  Quarters  at  5  OClock  this  Afternoon. 

The  D.  QrM.  Genl  to  Regulate  and  assign  the  Waggons  to 
Day,  to  the  Several  Regts. 


Head  Qurts  Hannover  August  6th  1777 

Parole  Lima  C.  Sign  Perill. 

Field  Officer  of  the  Day  from  Genl  De  borres  Brigade  The 
Acting  Brigade  Major  is  to  Send  an  Adjt  of  the  Day  to  attend 
at  Head  Qrs  from  day  to  day  taking  the  Brigades  in  turn. 

A  Court  of  inquiry  to  Sit  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock 
to  inquire  into  A  Complaint  against  Capt.  Patten  and  Lt. 
Sewell  for  Beating  Edward  Rock  of  Col.  Hazens  Regt  Col. 
Hall  of  the  Delaware  Regt  President  of  the  Court  of  inquiry, 
A  Captain  and  two  Subalterns  of  each  Brigade  to  attend  as 
members. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  133 

Head  Quarters  Hanover  7th  Augst.  1777 

Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  day  to  morrow  from  Genl  Small- 
wood  Brigade,  Adjutant  of  the  Same. 

An  orderly  Serjt  from  each  Brigade  to  be  Sent  to  Hd  Qrs 
daily;  if  any  Cartridges  Boxes,  or  Bayonett  belts  are  Wanting, 
the  officers  commanding  the  Different  Regts  are  Desired  to 
Call  upon  the  Commissary  of  Artilery  Stores,  who  Shall  supply 
them  with  what  they  Shall  want  to  compleat  their  Regts. 
The  Brigade  Return  to  be  made  regularly  every  Saturday;  the 
Brigade  Majors  to  call  at  Head  Quarters  for  A  form  of  A 
Brigade  Return;  Ens.  Farmer  try'd  by  A  Genl  Court  Martial 
for  Stricking  A  Soldier,  whereof  Col.  Smith  was  president  the 
Court  were  Unanimously  of  opinion  that  Ens.  Farmer  was 
Justifiable  in  Striking  Thomas  Allen,  for  his  Insolence  and  Dis- 
obedience of  his  orders,  &  that  Mr.  Farmer  ought  to  be  Ac- 
quitted of  his  Arrest  with  Honour,  the  Genl  Highly  Approves 
the  Sentence  and  orders  Mr.  Farmer  ought  to  be  Acquitted  of 
his  Arrest  with  honour,  the  Genl  highly  approves  the  Sentence 
and  orders  Mr.  Farmer  to  be  Released  from  his  Arrest  the 
Genl  also  orders  Thos  Allen  released  from  his  Confinement. 
Though  the  Genl  would  by  no  means  encourage  Officers  in 
Stricking  Soldiers  upon  every  Trivial  occation,  yet  he  can  never 
think  of  Countinanceing  the  Soldiers  in  giving  Impertinent  & 
abusive  language  to  Officers,  &  he  desires  that  in  future  no 
Officer  may  put  another  in  Arrest  where  there  is  only  A  Sus- 
picion of  his  guilt,  but  that  instead  thereof  an  Application  may 
be  made  for  A  Court  of  inquiry;  Patrick  Ivory  Drum  Majr  & 
Edward  Crossgrove  of  the  1st  Maryland  Regt  Accused  of 
Stealing,  tried  by  the  Sd  Court,  they  are  of  opinion  unani- 
mously that   the  are  both   guilty  of  the   Charge   laid   against 


134  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

them.  And  do  sentence  Patrick  Ivory  to  be  Reduced  to  A 
Private  Drum  &  Receive  ioo  Lashes  &  Crossgrove  300  well 
laid  on  the  bare  back,  the  Genl  approves  the  Sentence  of  both 
&  orders  it  put  in  execution  to  Morrow  morning  at  Troop 
beating  at  the  head  of  the  Regt  to  which  they  Belong. 


Head  Qrtrs  Hannover  8th  August   1777 

Division  Orders 

Field   Officer   of   the   day   to   morrow   from    Genl    De 
borres  Brigade;  Adjt  from  the  Same. 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  whereof  Lt.  Col.  Smith,  was 
President,  Abm  Phillips  try'd  by  Said  Court  for  Desertion  the 
Court  are  unanimously  of  opinion  that  the  Said  Phillips  is 
guilty  &  do  Sentence  him  and  do  Sentence  him  to  be  Shot,  the 
Genl  approves  the  Sentence  and  orders  it  put  in  execution  be- 
tween the  hours  of  10  in  the  morning  &  3  OClock  to  morrow 
Basil  Dennis  try'd  by  the  Same  Court  for  Desertion  the  Court 
are  of  opinion  that  the  Said  Dennis  is  Guilty  of  the  Charge, 
but  being  over  persuaded  when  in  liquor  by  Phillips  &  from 
his  General  good  behaviour,  the  Court  do  Sentence  him  to  Re- 
ceive 100  lashes,  the  Genl  approves  the  Sentence  &  orders  it  put 
in  execution  to  morrow  morning  at  guard  mounting,  Wm. 
Wood,  Geo.  Phillips,  &  Jas  Taylor  try'd  by  the  Same  Court 
for  Stealing,  the  Court  are  of  opinion  that  James  Taylor  is  not 
guilty  of  the  Charge,  &  that  he  ought  to  be  releas'd  from  his 
Confinement,  but  are  of  opinion  that  Wm  Wood  &  Geo.  Phil- 
lips are  guilty,  &  do  Sentence  Phillips  to  receive  100  Lashes  & 
Wood  60  well  laid  on,  the  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  &  or- 
ders it  put  in  execution  to  morrow  morning  at  guard  Mount- 
ing;    The  Court  of  inquiry  whereof  Col.  Hall  was  Prisident 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  135 

have  reported  that  Capt.  Patten  who  was  unjustifiably  accused 
of  beating  Edw.  Rock  of  Col.  Hazens  Regt  is  in  no  Respect 
guilty  of  the  Charge,  but  that  the  Sd  Rock  was  unjustifiably 
beat,  &  that  Lt.  Sewell  who  Commanded  the  Guard  did  not 
behave  out  of  the  line  of  his  duty,  in  what  he  did  to  Said  Rock. 

The  Court  having  not  Reported  what  officers  were  guilty  of 
that  inhumane  abuse,  the  Genl  thinks  Necessary  to  observe, 
that  th'o  the  officers  who  bring  up  the  Rear  of  any  Corps,  on 
the  March  may  with  Propriety  Strick  Such  Soldiers  as  will 
neglect  obeying  orders,  or  Stragle  behin'd,  yet  this  only  to  be 
adopted  from  the  necessaty  of  the  Case,  &  is  by  no  means  to 
be  brought  to  Such  a  degree  of  wanton  cruelty  as  appears  by 
the  Evidence  in  the  Present  Case,  espacially  when  the  offender 
does  not  aggravate  his  Crimes  by  giving  the  officer  Abusive 
Language  nothing  of  which  appears  by  the  evidence  before  the 
Court  of  inquiry,  had  the  Soldier  off' red  any  insult  to  those 
officers  either  by  word  or  Action  it  would  undoubtedly  been 
compleat  Justification  for  their  Chastising  him  so  long  as  his 
insolence  continued,  but  this  not  appearing  to  be  the  Case, 
nothing  can  Justify  such  Conduct. 

The  Brigade  Majors  or  those  who  act  as  such  to  attend  at 
Head  Quarters  for  orders  Precisely  at  10  OClock. 


Head  Quarters  Hannover  Augst  9th  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Execution  of  Abm  Phillips  is  suspended  untill  Afternon 
&  then  to  be  between  the  hours  of  3  &  5  OClock  at  which  time 
the  Division  to  be  under  Arms,  Genl  De  borre  to  appoint  some 
person  to  receive  one  half  the  Saws  and  axes  from  Col.  Stone, 
that  was  delivered  him  at  Fish  Kills  for  the  use  of  the  Pioneers, 


136  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Col.  Stone  is  desired  to  give  orders  for  the  Delivery  of  them 
when  apply'd  for. 

A  Court  of  Inquiry  to  sit  on  Monday  morning  at  9 
OClock,  Major  Adams  Prisident,  3  Caps  &  3  Subs,  from  each 
Brigade  to  form  the  Court,  to  inquire  into  the  Complaint  of 
Col.  Wall  against  Commissary  Durrah  for  Beating  and  abus- 
ing Patrick  Burk  a  Soldier  in  Col.  Halls  Regt. 


Saturday  Augst  9th  the  Division  Paraded  about  4  OClock 
this  afternoon  &  march'd  in  field  in  the  Rear  of  our  encamp- 
ment to  see  the  execution  of  Abm  Phillips  of  the  2nd  Mary- 
land Regt  he  was  Shot  about  6  OClock,  his  crime  was  attempt- 
ing to  Desert  to  the  Enemy  but  did  not  effect  it. 


Camp  Hanover  10th  Agst  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

Col.  Stone  Requests  the  Officers  &  Soldiers  of  Genl  Small- 
woods  Brigade,  to  attend  Divine  Service  at  10  OClock,  this 
forenoon,  every  Soldier  to  be  neat  and  Clean  &  the  greatest 
Decency  to  be  observed. 


Head  Quarters  Hanover  August  nth  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Smallwood's 
Brigade,  Adjutant  of  the  day  from  ye  Same  The  Genl  think- 
ing it  necessary  for  the  health  of  the  Soldiers,  that  Genl  De 
borres  Brigade  Should  be  Removed  from  their  present  ground 
of  Encampment  he  requests  of  Genl  Deborre  to  order  A  Con- 
venient place  as  near  the  present  Encampment  as  he  can. 

The  Picquetts  as  in  orders,  with  the  other  guards  Remain 
till  further  orders. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  137 

A  Genl  Court  Martial  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at  9 
OClock:  Lt.  Col.  Antill  President,  3  Captains  &  3  Subs, 
from  each  Brigade,  to  form  Said  Court,  to  try  Ensign  Hillary 
for  being  Drunk,  profane  Swearing,  and  Behaving  very  inde- 
cent, also  to  try  Such  matters  as  may  be  brought  Before  them. 

The  main  Guard  to  be  augmented  immedietly  to  1  L,  2  S, 
2  C,  33  P;  The  Court  of  Inquiry  that  was  to  sit  this  Morn- 
ing whereof  Major  Adams  was  President  is  desolved.  A  Court 
of  inquiry  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at  9  OClock  Lt.  Col. 
Ramsey  President;  3  Captains  and  3  Subs,  from  each  Brigade 
to  form  Said  Court,  to  inquire  into  A  Complaint  by  Col.  Hall 
alledged  against  Commissary  Durrah  for  Beating  &  Abusing 
Patt.  Burk  a  Soldier  in  his  Regt  also  to  inquire  into  A  Com- 
plaint lodged  against  Lt.  Jordan,  for  taking  A  horse  the  prop- 
erty of  Mr.  Buchannon,  also  for  abusing  and  Suffering  him  to 
be  abused  by  A  party  under  his  command,  &  for  not  giving 
Mr.  Buchannan  proper  Satisfaction  for  hay  he  had  taking  for 
the  use  of  the  States. 

After  Order  nth  Augst  1777 

The  Commanders  of  Brigades  to  give  orders  to  their  Qr- 
Masters  to  see  that  their  Artilery  and  Waggons  horses  are  well 
Shod,  that  when  the  Division  is  order'd  to  march,  there  might 
be  no  Excuse  or  Delay;  &  that  the  Brigade  be  in  Readiness  to 
march  immedietly  when  notice  is  given. 


Camp  Hanover  August  nth  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

That  the  officers  of  the  Regt  are  once  more  Requested  punc- 
tually to  attend  parade  &  to  take  Particular  Care  that  their 


138  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

men  are  present  that  no  non  Commissioned  officer  or  Soldier 
presuming  to  appear  on  parade  when  In  Camp  with  uncomb'd 
hair  or  unshaven,  the  Officers  are  Desired  to  take  Care  that 
this  order  be  punctually  observed.  That  as  nothing  is  more 
Conduceive  to  the  Healthiness  of  A  Camp  than  Cleanliness, 
they  are  therefore  whilst  in  Camp  to  keep  themselves  as  neat 
and  clean  as  their  cloathing  will  allow;  upon  pain  of  being 
Court  Martial'd.  Returns  to  be  made  out  immedietly  of  what 
Cloathing  may  be  wanting  for  each  Company. 


Proceedings  of  A  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  by  orders 
of  Col.  David  Hall  for  the  tryal  of  Such  Prisoners  as  may  be 
Brought  before  them  belonging  to  the  Delaware  Regiment. 
Thomas  Holland  Capt.  President. 

Lt.  Wilson        \  rEns.  M  Clane 

Ens.  Hosman    j  1  Ens.  J  Lidd 

Saml  M  Murry  of  Capt.  Andersons  Company  Confin'd  by 
Lt.  Queenouault  for  being  Drunk  &  offering  to  Sell  A  Razor 
belonging  to  Jno  Purnell  of  Said  Company,  Evidence — Wm 
Guttrie  of  Capt.  Andersons  Compy  declared  that  he  Saw  the 
Prisoner  offer  the  Razor  for  Sale  to  A  Soldier,  went  up  and 
told  him  not  to  buy  the  Razor  for  it  was  not  his  own  the  pris- 
oner Said  it  was,  on  which  Guttrie  took  him  to  Lt.  Quenou- 
ault. 

Evidence — Jno  Purnell  Saith  that  he  was  Sick  and  had 
leave  to  put  his  knapsack  in  the  Waggon,  but  when  he  Came 
to  Camp  could  not  find  it,  but  on  hearing  that  A  Razor  was 
offer'd  for  Sale,  he  went  to  the  Lieut  for  leave  to  Search  the 
rest  of  his  things  when  he  found  Some  of  them  in  the  prisoners 
Knapsack;     The  Prisoner  told  him  he  did  not  know  he  was 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  139 

come   from   Morriston   that   he   knew   they   ware  his   and    in- 
tended to  take  care  of  them  for  him. 

Prisoners  Defince — Saith  that  when  the  Waggon  came  to 
Camp,  the  things  were  all  loose  &  toss'd  about,  &  having  lost 
all  his  things  was  looking  for  them,  when  he  found  his  Knap- 
sack with  Purnels  things  in  it,  But  who  put  them  there  he 
could  not  tell,  but  said  he  would  take  Care  of  them  for  him. 

Evidence  for  the  Prisoner — Fredrick  Vanlip,  saith  that 
he  Saw  the  Prisoner  take  up  the  Knapsack  and  look'd  at  the 
things,  and  Said  they  Belong'd  to  Jno.  Purnell  &  that  he  would 
take  Care  of  them  for  him ;  Prisoner  further  Saith  that  he  has 
A  Razor  of  the  Same  Mark  &  make  as  Jno.  Purnells,  &  that 
he  did  not  offer  the  Razor  for  Sale  intending  to  Defraud  any 
Person : 

The  Court  having  taking  the  whole  into  consideration  are 
of  opinion  the  Prisoner  did  not  intend  any  Defraud,  but  that 
he  is  guilty  of  the  unpardonable  Crime  of  Being  Drunk,  & 
order  him  to  be  Severly  reprimanded. 

Thos  Holland 

Capt.  President 

The  Sentence  of  the  Court  Approv'd  and  order'd  to  be  put 
in  Execution  by  Lt.  Jordan. 

Davd  Hall 

Col.  D  R 


Monday  nth  August.  Brigadier  Genl  Smallwood  Arrived 
here  at  Camp  and  took  Command  of  our  Brigade  Consisting 
of  the  Delaware  Regt  1st  3rd  &  7th  Maryland  Regts. 


i4o  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Tuesday  August  12th.  Struck  tents  About  9  OClock  in  the 
morning  &  march'd  about  one  mile  and  encamp'd  near  A  Grist 
&  Saw  Mills. 


Head  Quarters  Hannover  12th  August  1777 

Division  Orders 

Field  officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Deborres 

Brigade, 
Adjt  of  the  Day  from  the  Same. 

The  Genl  having  obtaned  licence  from  the  Commander  in 
Cheif,  &  in  consequence  thereof  granted  A  Pardon  to  John 
Murphy  &  Daniel  Brown  he  Sincerely  hopes  that  this  act  of 
Lenity  may  not  serve  to  incourage  that  Spirit  of  Disorder  and 
Licentiousness  which  has  always  Prevailed  too  much  in  this 
Division,  he  wishes  it  may  Shew  the  Soldiers  the  Advantage 
of  A  good  Character;  And  the  good  opinion  of  their  officer 
which  was  the  real  foundation  for  the  Lenity  Shown  them 
Unhappy  Persons,  he  trusts  the  future  Conduct  of  those 
unhappy  men,  will  wipe  off  the  Stain  brought  upon  them  by 
their  Inconsiderate  Conduct,  and  he  Strictly  forbids  the  Sol- 
diers to  Cast  any  kind  of  Reflections,  or  upbraid  them  for  the 
Crime  for  which  they  have  Received  A  General  Pardon. 

Captain  Seward  to  Join  General  Smallwoods  Brigade,  leav- 
ing Such  officers  and  men  to  Command  the  Artilery  of  Genl 
Deborres  Brigade  as  he  Shall  think  proper;  The  Paymasters 
to  make  out  their  Abstracts  to  the  1st  of  August  immedietly, 
till  which  time  (Genl  Washington  who  is  on  his  march  to- 
wards us;   has  ordered  this  Division  to  be  paid  up. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  141 

Head  Quarters  Hanover   13th  Augst   1777 

Division  Orders 

Feild  officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Small- 
woods  Brigade, 
Adjt  of  the  Day  from  the  Same. 

The  Genl  is  much  Surprised  that  the  orders  of  the  nth 
inst.  is  not  complied  with  (Respecting  the  Court  Martial 
whereof  Lt.  Col.  Antill  is  president)  the  President  having  at- 
tended at  Several  times,  &  could  not  proceed  to  Business  for 
want  of  members  to  form  Said  Court.  The  Brigade  Major 
to  See  the  Court  form'd  Agreeable  to  Genl  orders  immedietly 
Brigade  Major  Powell  for  the  Day  tomorrow  an  orderly  Ser- 
jeant in  future  to  be  Sent  by  the  Brigade  Major  of  the  Day  to 
attend  upon  Such  Court  as  may  be  Setting  agreeable  to  Genl 
orders. 


Hannover  13th  August  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

The  Commandants  of  Regts  in  Genl  Smallwoods  Brigade, 
are  Requested  immedietly  to  furnish  Returns  of  their  Regts, 
and  Render  lists  of  Such  arms  &  Accoutrements,  Cloathing 
&c.  as  may  be  wanting  in  order  that  the  Same  may  be  pro- 
cured, to  put  the  Regts  in  the  most  formidable  &  Comfortable 
Situation;  and  as  the  Ground  for  the  Encampment  was  yes- 
terday Regularly  laid  off  the  Genl  can't  avoid  observing  that 
it  would  have  been  much  more  pleasing;  had  the  officers  at- 
tended to,  and  had  their  tents  more  Regularly  pitch'd  which 
it  is  expected  will  be  better  attended  to  in  future;  as  it  will 
not  only  contribute  to  the  Beauty  of  the  encampment,  but  also 
to  the  health  and  Disclipine  of  the  Soldiers; 


1 42  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

The  Adjutants  are  Required  to  Draw  one  Camp  Colour 
man  out  of  each  Company  in  their  Respective  Regts,  who  are 
to  act  and  do  no  other  Duty  for  the  space  of  one  week,  after 
which  they  will  be  Releived,  and  the  QrMasters  are  Required 
to  assemble  every  morning  at  gun  fireing,  &  direct  them  to 
Clean  and  Sweep  the  Streets  of  all  nausances,  throwing  the 
Same  into  the  pits  and  Covering  the  filth  therein  with  fresh 
dirt  every  morning,  all  Cooking,  washing,  &c.  are  expressly 
forbid  within  the  limits  of  the  Encampment,  which  must  be 
performed  at  A  Proper  Distance  in  front  and  on  the  Flanks 
thereof,  &  the  latter  to  prevent  trash  and  filth  in  the  Encamp- 
ment, &  within  the  tents  of  the  Soldiers.  A  Visiting  officer 
from  each  Regt  must  be  daily  appointed  to  inspect  within  the 
limits  of  his  Regiment  and  Direct  the  Removal  thereof.  The 
Brigade  Compleatly  Arm'd  &  Accoutred  must  Parade  in  front 
of  the  Encampment  at  troop  &  Retreat  Beating,  tis  expected 
the  Officers  in  General  will  on  those  occations  make  A  point 
of  attending  in  their  proper  posts;  Officers  will  attend  to  and 
Direct  their  men  to  Shave  &  Shift  twice  A  Week,  &  also  in- 
spect their  Arms,  Accoutriments,  &  Provision,  &  their  mode  of 
Cooking  verry  frequently,  &  that  they  do  not  load  their  mus- 
kets without  orders,  and  unless  the  Cleaning  their  arms  is 
attended  to,  they  will  be  apt  to  bend  their  gun  Barrels,  any 
Soldier  without  leave  in  Writing  from  his  officer,  found  Strag- 
gling above  one  mile  from  the  Encampment  will  be  Liable  to 
be  taken  up  and  punished  as  a  Deserter;  Sobriety,  good  order, 
&  Diligence  are  earnestly  recommended. 


Camp  at  Hannover  August  14th  1777 
Proceedings  of  a  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  by  order 
of  Major  Vaughen  for  the  trial  of  Dennis  Maanna  of  Capt. 
Hollands  Company;  Confin'd  by  said  Capt.  for  theft. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  143 

Robt.  Kirlcwood  Capt.  President. 
Lt.  Queenouault   )  f  Lt.  Duff 

Lt.  Brattan  j  (  Ens.  Bennett 

Evidence — Prisoner  being  brought  before  the  Court  pleads 
not  guilty;  John  Tappan  an  Inhabitant  of  this  place  being 
duely  Sworn  Deposeth  that  when  he  went  into  the  Room  he 
Saw  none  but  a  Girl  and  the  Prisoner  in  it  the  Girl  went  into 
another  Room  and  said  She  had  lost  A  Handkf  A  Soldier 
Saw  a  Handkff  hanging  out  of  the  Prisoners  pocket  and  In- 
formed the  Landlady  of  it,  the  Prisoner  Said  he  had  not  got  it, 
Upon  which  the  Soldier  Shewing  the  Prisoner  the  end  of  it, 
Saying  there  it  is,  he  deliver'd  it  up,  the  girl  Said  She  saw  it 
before  but  was  afraid  of  Speaking  about  it.  Prisoner  on  his 
defence  Saith  that  he  went  into  the  tavern  &  got  a  gill  of  gin, 
that  he  Saw  A  Handkff  on  the  Chair  &  took  it  up  &  held  it  in 
his  hand,  &  put  it  by  accident  in  his  pocket  &  forgot  it,  upon 
being  accused  of  taking  Said  Handkff  denied  it,  having  forgot 
he  had  it,  &  further  Said  he  had  no  pockets  but  one  in  his 
Breeches,  upon  opening  of  which  he  found  it,  &  delivered  it  to 
the  Girl. 

The  Court  are  unanimously  of  opinion  that  Dennis  Maanna 
is  not  only  guilty  of  the  Charge  laid  against  him,  but  of  lying 
before  the  Court,  and  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  75  Lashes 
for  the  first  Crime  &  25  for  the  last,  on  his  bare  back  well 
Laid  on  with  the  Cat  o  nine  tails;  which  Sentence  is  approv'd 
of  by  Majr  Vaughen  &  ordered  to  be  put  in  execution  this 
Evening.  

Head  Qrtrs  14th  August  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  tomorrow  from  Genl  Deborres  Brigade, 
Brigade  Major  &  Adjt.  of  the  day  from  the  Same  The  Amaz- 


144  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

ing  neglect  of  the  Field  officers  of  the  day  in  not  making  any 
Report  for  Some  days  past,  Oblidges  the  Genl  to  order  ex- 
pressly that  the  Field  officer  of  the  day,  make  his  report  every 
day  before  12  OClock  &  that  each  officer  of  the  Guards,  make 
his  Report  to  the  officer  of  the  Day  before  10  OClock  The 
form  of  the  Report  for  the  Feild  officer  of  the  Day  was  given 
out  at  Princeton  &  must  be  now  followed,  the  name  of  the 
Feild  officer  of  the  day  to  be  Returned  to  Head  Qurtrs  By  the 
Brigade  Major  of  the  Brigade  he  belongs  to  as  soon  as  he  is 
appointed,  the  Brigade  Majors  to  return  &  the  names  of  the 
members  of  Court  martials  &  Courts  of  Inquiry  to  the  Re- 
spective Presidents  as  soon  as  appointed  and  warn'd  that  they 
may  be  able  to  Report  those  members  who  neglect  to  attend, 
A  Strict  &  Regular  Attention  to  the  Duties  of  the  Camp  is 
expected,  as  much  as  though  the  Enemy  were  at  hand,  good 
officers  will  Readily  see  the  necessaty  of  this,  those  who  cannot 
at  present  observe  it,  may  gain  knowledge  from  the  conduct  of 
others. 


Hanover   15th  August  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

The  Brigadier  General  in  pursuance  of  an  order  recv'd  from 
Major  Genl  Sullivan,  requires  from  the  Commandants  of  Regts 
in  his  Brigade,  Returns  of  their  Sick  lodg'd  in  the  Several  Hos- 
pital that  a  proper  offr  may  be  Despatched,  to  bring  in  Such 
as  may  be  recov'ed  fit  for  Duty,  and  also  Returns  of  such  as 
may  have  been  imprisoned,  that  they  may  be  brought  in,  tried 
punished  &  Returned  to  their  Respective  Regts  which  now 
want  their  aid  its  expected  such  Returns  will  be  immedietly 
furnished. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  145 

Head  Quarters  15th  August  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Smallwoods 
Brigade,  Brigade  Majr  &  Adjt.  of  the  day  from  the  Same. 

The  Genl  expecting  speedely  to  Receive  orders  to  march  or- 
ders that  that  no  artilery  nor  Waggon  &  Horses  be  sent  out  of 
Camp  on  any  Buisness  whatever:  the  QrMasters  to  see  that 
they  are  Shod  and  kept  in  good  order,  for  marching  on  the 
first  notice. 

Ens.  Hilery  tried  by  A  Genl  Court  Martial  Whereof  Lt. 
Col.  Antill  is  President,  for  Drunkness,  profane  Swareing,  &c. 
the  Court  are  of  opinion  that  he  receive  a  private  Reprimand 
from  the  Commanding  officer  of  the  Brigade,  he  be  Imme- 
diately Dismissd  The  Genl  Approves  the  Sentence  of  the  Court 
and  orders  it  put  in  Execution  to  morrow  morning  at  7 
OClock.  Patrick  Camery  a  Waggoner  in  the  Continental 
army  tryed  by  the  same  Court  for  theft  the  Court  find  him 
Guilty,  &  Sentence  him  to  Receive  100  lashes  upon  the  bare 
back,  at  such  time  &  place  as  the  Comm.  of  the  Division  Shall 
think  proper  to  order,  the  Genl.  Approves  the  Sentence  of  sd 
Court  &  orders  it  put  in  Execution  to  morrow  morning  9 
OClock  The  Adjt.  of  the  Day  for  the  Division  to  see  the  Sen- 
tence of  sd  Court  put  in  Execution. 

After  Orders   15  August  1777 

The  Genl  Court  martial  whereof  Lt.  Coll  Antill  was  Presi- 
dent is  disolv'd. 

A  Genl  Court  Martial  to  sit  to  morrow  morning  at  9 
OClock,  Coll  Gunby  President,  3  Capts  &  3  Subalterns  from 
each  Brigade,  to  try  Pamabre  for  Confineing  James  McCoy 
Contrary  to  Genl  Orders,  After  being  Acquainted  therewith, 
Also  to  try  any  other  matters  that  may  be  brought  before  them. 


146  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Quarters  Hanover  16th  August  1777 
Division  Orders 

Feild  officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Col.  Deborres 
Brigade,  Brigade  Major  from  the  same. 

The  Court  Martial  Whereof  Col.  Gunby's  President  is  not 
to  Sit  till  further  orders,  the  Court  of  Inquiry  Whereof  Lt. 
Col.  Ramsey  is  President,  have  Reported  that  Commissary 
Durrah  is  by  no  means  Justifiable  in  Beating  the  Soldier  Be- 
longing to  Col.  Halls  Regt  they  think  A  Private  Reprimand 
from  the  Genl  will  answer  every  purpose  of  Calling  a  Court 
martial.  The  Genl  approves  of  the  Report  of  Said  Court  of 
Inquiry,  to  which  Court  Commissary  Durrah  has  Submitted. 

The  Genl  forbides  the  Soldiers  entering  the  Mill  Belonging 
to  Mr.  Ford  or  to  Conscern  with  the  flood  Gates  as  he  is  De- 
termin'd  in  future  to  bring  Such  Offenders  to  A  Severe  pun- 
eshment.  

Head  Qrtrs  Hannover  17th  August  1777 
Division  Orders 

Feild  offr  of  the  Day  to  morrow  from  Genl   Small- 
woods  Brigade,  Brigade  Major  from  the  Same. 

A  Return  of  all  the  ordinance  Stores  belonging  to  the  Artil- 
ery  to  be  made  to  Head  Quarters  as  Soon  as  possible  by  the 
Commanding  Officer  of  the  Artilery,  At  A  General  Court 
Martial  held  at  Hanover  the  6th  Inst  Major  Mullen  was  tried 
for  giving  insolent  and  Abusive  Languague  to  Genl  Deborre  at 
ye  Head  of  his  Brigade,  &  for  being  frequently  Intoxicated 
with  Liquor,  of  which  Charge  the  Court  found  him  guilty  & 
Sentenced  him  to  be  Cashierd,  the  Commander  in  Chief  ap- 
proved the  Sentence,  &  orders  it  to  take  place  Immedietly. 

Those  Regts  which  are  yet  in  want  of  tents  to  make  returns 
to   the  QrM.Genl   to   morrow   morning  by   8   OClock     The 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  147 

Brigade  Major  to  Call  on  the  QrMasters  for  A  Return  of  all 
the  tents  &  Marquees  that  are  publick  property  &  upon  the 
Adjts  for  a  Return  of  all  the  men  &  Weomen  in  their  Respec- 
tive Regts,  from  which  they  are  to  make  A  Genl  Return  of 
each  Brigade  in  the  following  manner  Viz. 

In  one  Collumn  the  number  of  Feild  officers  2ndly  the  Serjts 
4thly  Privates  including  Drums,  Fifes  as  also  Waggoners  & 
Weomen,  then  they  are  to  State  the  number  of  tents  in  their 
Respective  Brigades,  &  Set  forth  the  number  wanting  upon  the 
following  Calculations,  Viz  A  tent  to  each  Feild  officer,  one  to 
two  Commissioned  &  Staff  officers,  one  to  4  Serjts  &  one  to  6 
Privates  including  Corporals,  as  Well  as  Waggoners  weomen 
&c.  The  Deputy  QrM.  Genl  after  Receiving  the  Returns  is 
to  attend  with  them  at  Head  Quarters  before  he  Delivers  out 
the  tents. 

The  Paymaster  of  the  Several  Regts  to  attend  at  Head 
Quarters  this  afternoon  at  5  OClock. 


Head  Quarters  Hannover  18th  August  1777 
Division  Orders 

Feild  officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Deborres 

Brigade, 
Brigade  Major  from  the  Same. 


Head  Qrtrs  Roxborough  9th  August 
General  Orders 

By  his  Excellency  the  Commander  in  Cheif ;  The  Waggon 
Master  General  and  all  those  acting  in  the  Department  under 
him,  are  for  the  future  to  govern  themselves  Agreeable  to  the 


i48  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Army,  conformable  to  all  General 
orders,  &  Division  and  Brigade  orders  Respectivily,  &  those 
attach'd  to  Brigades  to  be  Subject  to  the  Verbal  orders  of  the 
Feild  officers,  of  the  Brigades  appointed  to  the  Charge  and 
Direction  of  the  line  of  march  for  the  day;  For  any  offence 
they  are  to  be  Confin'd  to  their  Quarters  and  tried  by  Such 
Court  Martial  as  Shall  be  appointed  to  hear  and  Determine 
the  Same,  If  any  Officer  in  the  Department  misbehaves  either 
in  the  march,  or  to  the  Brigadier  or  Major  General  of  the 
Brigade  or  Division,  either  of  whome  may  order  the  Person 
to  Confine  himself  to  his  Qrs  Provision  being  made  to  keep 
Waggon  masters  to  their  Duty  every  officer  is  positively  forbid 
to  put  any  of  them  under  guard  or  into  the  Provost,  &  there 
doing  it  will  assuredly  Subject  them  to  be  tried  by  A  Court 
martial  for  Desobedience  of  orders ;  The  names  of  the  Waggon 
masters  General  appointed  to  Divisions  to  be  inserted  in  the 
Division  orders  &  these  Officers  are  to  have  Recourse  to  Genl 
orders  for  the  better  Regulations  of  their  Conduct;  The  Pay- 
masters to  make  out  their  Abstracts  up  to  the  first  of  July 
which  they  are  to  Carry  in  and  Receive  their  money  also  to 
lodge  their  abstracts  for  the  month  of  July  with  the  Paymaster 
General ;  The  Regimental  QrMasters  are  to  make  Returns  to 
the  D.  QMr  General  of  this  Division  of  the  Stores  in  these 
Respective  Regts,  and  that  with  the  utmost  exactness  in  every 
article,  the  Returns  to  be  given  in  at  5  OClock  to  morrow 
morning  P.  M.  Capt.  Parmelee  of  Col.  Hazens  Regt  put  in 
Arrest  for  Confineing  James  MKay  contrary  to  Genl  orders 
after  being  made  acquainted  there  with,  the  Genl  upon  exam- 
ination that  Capt.  Parmelee  had  no  Settled  Design  of  Dis- 
obeying orders,  or  Desputing  his  Authority  And  that  the  part 
Capt.  Parmelee  acted  proceeded  only  from  Mistake,  the  Genl 
Discharges  him  from  his  arrest. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  149 

The  Commissary  in  future  to  Deliver  all  guards  &  Fatague 
men  one  Gill  of  Rum  pr  man  pr  Day,  and  to  the  Rest  of  the 
Division,  holding  themselves  in  Readiness  to  march  l/2  Gill  of 
Rum  pr  man  A  Day. 

After  Orders  August  18th  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Genl  orders  that  the  Muster  Rolls  of  those  Regts  that 
were  not  mustred  last  month  by  the  Deputy  Muster  Master 
General,  to  be  made  out  Immedietly  Up  to  the  last  day  of 
July,  each  Capt.  or  Commanding  Officer  of  A  Company  or 
Troop  is  to  make  out  4  Rolls  Writ  in  A  fact  hand,  the  Com- 
missioned Officers  to  hold  the  first  Place  in  the  Roll ;  the  non 
Commissioned  the  2nd  the  present  &  other  effective  privates 
the  3rd  And  the  non  effective,  the  missing,  Discharged,  De- 
serted, and  dead,  the  Rolls  must  be  folded  up  and  endorsed, 
so  as  to  express  the  Regt  Company  &  the  time  when  they  were 
taken ;  the  Rank  of  the  Captains  Should  be  Signified  by  the 
figures  1,  2,  3,  &c  on  the  Back  of  the  Rolls;  As  the  men  are 
to  be  excus'd  from  Duty,  it  is  expected  that  every  man  whose 
absence  is  not  Accounted  for,  in  the  Collumn  of  Remarks  will 
appear  before  the  Officer  of  Musters. 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  Wherof  Col.  Gunby  is  President 
is  to  Sit  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock. 


Camp  Hanover  August  19th  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

A  Brigade  Court  Martial  to  Sit  at  1 1  OClock  this  morning 
for  the  tryal  of  Patt  Davis  &  Dennis  Cain  both  of  the  Dela- 


150  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

ware  Regt  Confin'd  by  Majr  Powell  for  Being  out  of  Camp 
after  Tatoo ;  &  Beating  and  abusing  an  Inhabitant;  Capt. 
Kirkwood  President,  A  Sublt.  from  each  Regt  Members. 


Head  Quarters  Hanover  19th  August  1777 

Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Small- 
woods  Brigade. 
Brigade  Major  from  the  Same. 

The  Waggon  Masters  to  Draw  the  tents  for  his  Officers 
Immedietly,  also  to  see  that  the  Waggoneers  .draw  their  tents 
from  their  Respective  Brigades  to  which  they  Belong. 


19th  August  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

The  Dailey  Complaints  of  the  Inhabitants  residing  adjacent 
to  and  in  the  Neighbourhood  of  our  encampment  sufficiently 
Demonstrates  the  Depravity  of  the  Soldery,  and  I  am  afraid 
the  Inattention  of  the  Officers  to  restrain  Such  unsoldiery  and 
infamous  practices  has  give  Rise  to  these  Complaints  Would 
the  Soldery  Consider  that  their  Reputation,  &  in  Some  In- 
stance I  might  add  the  Safety  of  a  Corps  is  founded,  And  De- 
pend not  less  on  the  Strict  obedience  to  orders,  Sobriety,  Hon- 
esty, &  temperance,  these  on  Valour,  and  Discipline,  which  are 
both  promoted  and  increased  in  a  more  or  less  Immediet  Degree 
as  those  Qualifications  are  Cherished  and  Practised,  they  must 
blush  for  their  Conduct,  which  must  Strongly  impress  them 
with  Resembling  Sheep  Stealers,  &  theives  more  than  honest 
brave  men  fighting  and  Struggling  for  the  Liberties  of  America, 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  151 

the  pay  &  Subsistance  of  the  Continental  Army  is  more  Liberal 
than  the  allowance  made  to  any  other  Soldiers  in  the  face  of 
the  earth,  this  therefore  cannot  be  an  excuse  for  Breaking  open 
Peoples  Houses,  &  Stealing  their  Property,  burning  &  other- 
wise destroying  their  out  houses,  implements  of  Husbandry  & 
Handicraft  Busness,  together  with  their  fencing  &  Crops ;  The 
latter  perhaps  may  Destress  this  verry  part  of  the  Army  next 
Winter,  as  well  as  the  poore  Inhabitants  who  are  held  up  as 
the  only  Sufferers,  to  Restrain  Such  horrid  &  Shameful  Prac- 
tices, Let  me  intreat  &  Conjure  every  officer  in  the  Brigade, 
to  exert  collectively  &  individually  his  utmost  efforts;  and  the 
Brigadier  Genl  most  earnestly  begs  those  honest  brave  Soldiers 
who  Still  have  A  Regard  to  their  good  name,  &  the  Credit  of 
the  Brigade,  that  they  will  use  their  best  endeavours  to  disuade 
from  &  detect  their  Comrades  in  Such  infamous  practices;  Its 
with  conscern  the  Genl  finds  himself  oblidg'd  to  declare  that  un- 
less such  practices  are  Drop'd  the  most  Riged  measures  will  be 
adopted,  and  Examplary  punishments  inflicted  in  every  instance. 


Proceedings  of  A  Brigade  Court  Martial  held  in  Camp,  Han- 
over 19th  August  1777. 

Robt  Kirkwood  Capt.  President. 

1st  Lt.  Richd  Anderson  7th  M.  R.  J  "  f  Ens.  Benjm.  MClean  D  R 

2nd  Lt.  Richd  Bird  5  M.  R.  |mem  ers  j  £^  j^  jameg  3  m:  r 

Serjt  Cain  ] 

&  Pat  Davis  Private  j  of  the  D  R  confin'd  by  major  Powell 
being  Brought  before  the  Court  pleads  guilty;  but  Occationed 
by  provocation. 

Major  Powell  being  duely  Sworn,  Sayeth,  last  night  about 
10  OClock  Complaint  was  lodg'd  with  me  against  two  Soldiers 


152  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

who  was  at  the  house  of  a  Mr.  Dennison  in  this  Neighbour- 
hood, and  had  behav'd  in  a  verry  indecent  manner  In  Con- 
sequence of  this  information,  I  took  A  Corporal  &  file  of  men 
and  went  with  my  informant,  to  Mr.  Denisons,  where  I  found 
the  Prisoners  each  with  a  gun  in  his  hand,  upon  inquiring 
what  was  the  matter  and  their  Buisness  there  at  Such  a  time 
of  night,  Davis  told  me  the  man  of  the  house  had  used  them  in 
a  verry  gross  manner,  had  given  them  much  abusive  language, 
&  had  taken  up  his  gun  and  threatened  to  Shoot  them  for 
Damn'd  Rebels,  saying  also  that  he  would  get  enough  from 
Staten  Island  to  beat  our  whole  Brigade  Mr.  Denison  denied 
the  Accusation,  Said  they  had  come  to  his  house,  in  a  verry 
abrupt  manner,  that  Davis  Swore  A  young  woman,  that  was 
nursing  Denisons  Wife  Was  his  Wife,  and  he'd  be  Damn'd  if 
he  did  not  Sleep  with  her,  Denison  Said  he  offred  them  a  bed 
in  his  Shop,  &  Supper  if  they  wanted  it,  but  that  his  wife  was 
at  the  point  of  death,  &  that  he  Could  not  Suffer  any  other 
than  his  famely  to  sleep  in  his  house  that  the  Prisoners  then 
entred  his  house  again,  Search'd  it,  Calld  him  a  damn'd  Tory, 
&  took  from  him  two  guns  (the  Same  I  found  them  with)  they 
were  both  Somewhat  intoxicated,  this  was  better  than  an  hour 
after  Tattoo  beating. 

Mr.  Dennison  Being  duely  Sworn  Sayeth,  that  the  above 
mentioned  Prisoners  came  to  his  house  just  at  dark,  &  de- 
manded A  Young  Woman  which  he  had  in  his  house,  &  one 
of  them  Claimd  her  as  his  wife,  which  girl  was  up  stairs  at  the 
Same  time.  I  denied  that  there  was  any  Such  girl  there  that 
Blong'd  to  them,  upon  which  they  took  two  guns  of  my  prop- 
erty which  was  behind  a  Door,  &  went  out,  &  swore  that  they 
would  Stand  Sentrie  at  my  Door,  for  I  was  a  Tory  and  fired 
one  of  the  guns  off. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  153 

The  Court  are  unanimously  of  opinion  that  Serjt  Cain  & 
Patt  Davis,  are  guilty  of  the  Charge,  &  do  Sentence  Serjt  Cain 
to  be  Reduced  to  the  Ranks  &  Receive  50  Lashes  and  Patt 
Davis  100  lashes,  on  the  bare  back  well  laid  on  with  the  Cat 
oNine  tails:  T^ 

ROBT    KlRKWOOD 

President 

The  above  Sentence  approv'd,  but  from  having  heard  A 
favourable  Character  of  Serjt  Cain  have  Remitted  the  Latter 
part  of  the  punishment,  and  have  thought  proper  to  Remit  50 
lashes  of  Patt.  Davis's  punishment  the  Remainder  to  be  in- 
flicted at  beat  of  Retreat. 

Wm  Smallwood 

B:  General 


Head  Qrtrs  Hanover  20th  August  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Genl  Deborres 
Brigade,  Major  from  the  Same. 
The  Weekly  Returns  to  be  given  in  every  Saturday  Morn- 
ing by  8  OClock. 

The  Brigade  Major  to  See  that  the  Adjutants  of  the  Brigade 
they  belong  to,  bring  in  the  Regimental  Weekly  Returns  to 
them  every  friday  morning;  at  8  OClock  The  Court  martial 
whereof  Col.  Gunby  is  President  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at 
9  OClock  to  try  such  matters  As  may  be  brought  before  them. 


Camp  Hanover  20th  August  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

The  Brigadier  General  requires  the  Commandants  of  Regts 
in  his  Brigade,  to  Select  as  many  of  their  men  as  will  be  able 


154  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

to  Stand  a  march,  to  arm  and  Accouter  them  in  the  best  man- 
ner &  Blankets  Slung,  to  make  Returns  and  draw  Immedietly, 
&  have  it  cook'd,  three  days  salt  provisions  &  hard  bread  if  they 
can  possibly  be  furnished,  their  tents  will  be  left  Standing  & 
guarded  by  those,  who  may  be  two  infirm  for  the  Fatagues  of 
the  March  three  days  allowance  of  Rum  is  also  to  be  drawn ; 
but  the  Genl  would  recommend  that  none  be  delivered  out 
without  his  further  orders,  the  whole  to  hold  themselves  in 
Readiness  to  march  tomorrow  at  n  OClock  in  the  forenoon. 


Thirsday  2ist  Our  Brigade  March'd  at  II  OClock  by  the 
Way  of  Bottle  Hill,  which  is  5  miles  from  thence  to  Chattam 
7  miles  and  there  Refresh'd  from  thence  we  march'd  thr'o 
Spring  field  to  Elizabeth  Town  point  10  miles  there  our  men 
unloaded  themselves  of  their  knapsacks  &  Blankets  &  Crossed 
the  River  in  the  Greatest  Silence  on  to  Staten  Island  all  which 
we  effected  By  day  Break,  from  thence  we  proceeded  towards 
the  East  end  of  the  Island  where  coming  near  A  Guard  Con- 
sisting of  About  100  Men  of  British  Troops  but  upon  first  of 
us  they  Ran  away  at  this  place  We  Destroyed  near  30oa£  of 
Stores  Besides  A  Quantity  brought  off;  We  traveled  near  20 
Miles  on  the  Island  but  Could  not  see  any  more  of  the  Enemy, 
About  1  OClock  Came  to  the  Bazing  Star  Where  we  all 
Cross'd  but  100  men  who  were  Detain'd  about  Bringing  over 
Stock  these  were  attacked  &  mostly  taken  Prisoners  after  they 
had  fired  all  their  Amunition  away  that  night  the  Prisoners 
beat  off  the  Guard  &  the  greatest  part  of  them  got  over  the 
River,  the  Prisoners  that  were  taken  from  them  were  as  fol- 
lowes  Viz: 

3  Cols:  viz  Barton,  Lawrence,  &  Allen,  4  Captains  6  Sub- 
alterns &  150  Privates  all  of  the  greens,  then  march'd  to  Spank 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  155 

town  being  7  Miles,  Saturday  23d  march'd  to  Elizabeth  Town 
5  Miles  from  thence  to  Springfield  7  Miles  Sunday  24th 
march'd  through  Westfield  to  Specatria  being  14  Miles,  Mon- 
day 25th  march'd  to  Brunswick  being  5  Miles,  Tuesday  26th 
march'd  to  Princeton  being  15  Miles,  &  quarterd  our  Men  in 
the  College,  Wednesday  27th  the  Baggage  came  up  then 
pitch'd  our  Tents  in  an  Old  Field  back  of  the  said  College. 
Tuesday  28th  Struck  tents  at  day  break  and  March'd  to  Tren- 
ton in  Hunterdon  County  Being  12  Miles  that  evening  I 
Cross'd  the  River  in  Compy  with  Capt.  Anderson  and  Marched 
to  the  Red  Lyon  within  13  Miles  of  Philadelphia  29th 
Marched  from  the  Red  Lyon  thr'o  Philada  down  to  Wilming- 
ton &  the  30th  I  went  to  my  Fathers. 


Pennsylvania  State  Head  Quarters  Chester  Septr  1st 

Field  Officer  of  the  Day  to  morrow  from  Genl  Deborres 
Brigade,  the  Commanding  Officers  of  the  Several  Regts  to  See 
that  their  men  have  provisions  cook'd  for  tomorrow  those  Regts 
that  have  not  Drawn  may  draw  at  this  place. 

Genl  Deborre  with  all  the  Field  Officers  of  both  Brigades 
to  attend  at  Head  Quarters  at  Senals  tavern  at  the  Post  office 
precisely  at  5  OClock  this  Afternoon,  the  troops  to  march  for 
Wilmington  tomorrow  morning  at  day  Break,  Genl  Small- 
woods  Brigade  to  march  in  front,  the  Officers  are  Desired  to 
prevent  the  Waggons  being  loaded  with  men  &  Weomen,  none 
to  Ride  but  those  Soldiers  who  are  unable  to  march. 

Tuesday  Septr  2nd  Struck  tents  &  march'd  to  Wilmington 
in  the  Delaware  State  &  encamp'd  about  one  Mile  West  of 
the  town  in  all  13  Miles. 


1 56  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Head  Quarters  Wilmington  Septr  3rd  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

By  order  of  Genl  Smallwood  the  Commanding  Officer  of  the 
Different  Regts  in  this  Brigade  to  have  Returns  made  out  of 
all  the  plunder  that  was  taken  on  Staten  Island  the  plunder  to 
be  Collected  at  one  place  in  order  that  there  may  be  an  equal 
Destribution  made  of  the  Same. 

The  Col.  desires  that  the  Arms  &  Accoutrements  be  put  in 
the  best  of  Order,  &  that  Catridges  be  Drawn  when  wanting, 
no  guns  to  be  taken  out  of  the  Stocks,  nor  locks  to  be  taken  to 
pieces  in  Cleaning  the  Same  The  officers  of  the  Differrent  Com- 
panies to  examine  into  the  State  of  mens  Arms  every  Morning 
at  parade,  Should  any  damage  happen  to  any  of  the  Arms 
through  neglect  of  the  Soldier  that  their  Acctt  be  Charged  with 
the  Same,  any  Soldier  that  Shall  Descharge  his  fire  Arms  with- 
out leave  from  the  Commanding  Officer  Shall  Receive  50  lashes 
on  his  bare  back  upon  the  Spot,  that  no  Soldier  be  permitted  to 
leave  Camp  on  any  pertence  whatsoever  without  leave  from 
their  Officers;  The  QrMastrs  of  the  Differrent  Regts  to  have 
proper  Sinks  dug  in  the  rear  of  their  Regts  And  the  Bushes  & 
brush  to  be  Cleared  out  of  the  Encampment. 


Wilmington  3d  Septr  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  Day  to  morrow  from  Genl  Small- 
woods  Brigade. 
The  whole  Division  to  be  paraded  in  the  front  of  the  en- 
campment at  4  o'clock  precisely,  the  Officers  commanding 
Regts  to  See  their  Men  Clean,  their  hair  powder'd  &  green 
boughs  in  their  hats,  the  Whole  to  be  Counted  of  in  Divisions 
properly  Officer'd. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  157 

Genl  Smallwoods  Brigade  to  Compleat  the  Genls  guard, 
Also  to  furnish  1  Sub.  2  Serjts  3  Corpls  &  24  men,  to  parade 
in  the  road  on  the  left  of  the  Division,  at  Retreat  beating; 
Genl  Deborre  Brigade  to  furnish  a  main  guard  till  further 
orders,  Consisting  of  1  Sub.  2  Serjts  3  Corpls  &  24  men,  the 
guard  house  to  be  handy  to  the  Division  also  to  furnish  for  A 
Picquet  1  Capt.  2  Subs  2  Serjts  3  Corpls  &  40  Privates,  to  be 
paraded  in  the  Road  on  the  left  of  the  Division  at  Retreat 
Beating. 

Every  Commanding  Officer  of  A  Company  is  immedietly  to 
make  out  his  muster  Roll  to  the  first  of  September ;  Col. 
Hazens  Regt  will  parade  for  muster  to  morrow  evening  at  5 
OClock,  Coll.  Halls  Regt  will  parade  for  muster  at  6  OClock 
4  Rolls  are  to  be  made  for  each  muster,  the  other  two  Regts 
Belonging  to  the  Same  Brigade  to  parade  on  friday  morning 
Precisely  at  8  OClock  for  Muster. 

After  Orders  3d  Septr  1777 
The  orders  Respecting  the  parade  of  the  Division  are  to  be 
Suspended,  the  Division  to  have  two  days  provisions  Cooked 
their  Arms  in  order,  &  Supplied  with  a  proper  Quantity  of 
Amunition  and  have  every  thing  in  Readiness  to  move  at  a 
Moments  Warning. 


Proceedings  of  A  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  at  Wil- 
mington this  4th  day  of  Septr  1777  by  order  of  Lt.  Coll.  Pope 
of  the  Delaware  Regt  for  the  tryal  of  Such  prisoners  as  may 
be  brought  before  them. 

Capt.  Anderson   President 
Lt.  Rhodes    )  (  Lt.  Bratten 

Lt.  Wilds      |memberSlLt.  Brown 


158  THE    ORDER    BOOK   OF 

Emanuel  Triser  Confin'd  by  Lt.  Joseph  Wilds  for  Stealing 
Clothes  from  Johnson  Fleetwood. 

Emanuel  Triser  being  brought  before  the  Court  pleads  not 
guilty  that  the  Clothes  he  was  Accus'd  of  Stealing  from  John- 
son Fleetwood  he  got  out  of  Fredreck  Reeds  knapsack,  who 
was  taken  prisoner  on  Staten  Island,  that  Reed  had  Borrowed 
A  Shirt  and  pair  of  stockings  of  him. 

Jas  Cavender  being  brought  before  the  Court  &  duely  Sworn 
Says  that  he  Saw  the  Stockings  in  Fredrick  Reeds  knapsack, 
And  that  he  heard  Serjt  Perry  Say  that  he  Saw  Triser  take  the 
Stockings  out  of  Reeds  knapsack. 

The  Court  having  Considred  the  nature  of  the  offence  are 
of  opinion  that  the  prisoner  is  not  guilty  of  the  Charge  laid  to 
him,  &  that  he  be  Released  from  his  Confinement. 

Wm  Plowman  Prisoner  confin'd  for  being  drunk  on  his  post 
&  fireing  two  Shot  declaring  he  would  be  the  death  of  Some 
person  last  night  when  on  post,  &  letting  no  persons  pass  with- 
out money. 

The  Court  are  of  opinion  that  the  Crime  of  Wm  Plowman 
doth  not  Lay  before  A  Regimental  Court  Martial. 

Enoch  Anderson 

Captn  presdt 

The  Above  proceedings  Approv'd. 

Chas.  Pope 
Lt.  Coll.  DR 


Friday  5th  Septr  Struck  tents  &  march'd  about  3  miles  And 
encamp'd  in  A  Stubble  Field  about  one  mile  Northward  of 
Newport  New  Castle  County. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  159 

Head  Qurtrs  Wilmington  5th  Septr  1777 

Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl   for  tomorrow Green 

Field  Officer    Weeden 

Field  Officers  Cols  Matthews,  Major  Powell,  Brigade 
Major  Porus. 

The  Commissary  Genl  of  Prisoners  informs  the  Command- 
ing Officers  of  Regts  and  other  Corps  that  notwithstanding  the 
orders  heretofore  Issued  for  that  purpose,  he  has  Received  but 
one  Small  Return  of  Prisoners  taken  by  the  Enemy  Since  his 
Appointment;  in  Consequence  of  Such  neglect  it  will  be  Im- 
possible for  him,  in  case  of  an  exchange  to  pay  proper  Atten- 
tion to  the  orders  of  the  different  Captures  as  to  time,  he  fur- 
ther informs  them  for  the  future  the  prisoners  will  be  ex- 
changed according  to  the  return  hereafter  made  to  him. 

As  Baggage  Waggons  at  all  times  are  A  great  incumberrence 
to  an  Army,  &  would  be  perticularly  so  in  the  day  of  Battle, 
they  in  the  latter  can  be  Driven  off  the  Field,  that  the  Army 
may  not  be  the  least  incumberred  by  them,  it  is  besides  A 
measure  which  Common  prudence  dictates,  &  whenever  an 
Action  is  expected,  the  QrMastr  Genl  will  immedietly  wait  on 
the  Commander  in  Cheif  to  Receive  his  orders  Respecting  them. 

From  every  Information  of  the  Enemys  Designs  and  from 
their  Movements  it  is  manifest  their  Aim  is  if  possible  to  pos- 
sess them  Selves  of  Philadelphia  this  is  their  Capital  object,  its 
what  they  Strove  to  effect ;  but  were  happily  disappointed,  they 
made  A  Second  Attempt  at  the  opening  of  this  Campaign,  but 
after  vast  preparation  &  expences  for  the  purpose  they  aban- 
don'd,  their  Design  and  totally  evacuated  the  Jerseys,  they  are 
now  making  their  last  efforts;  to  come  up  the  Delaware,  it 
Seems  was  their  first  Intention  but  from  the  measure  taken  to 


160  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

annoy  them  in  the  River  they  Judged  this  enterprise  that  way 
too  hazardous ;  at  length  they  have  landed  on  the  Eastern  Shore 
of  Maryland  and  advanc'd  Some  little  way  into  the  Country 
but  the  Genl  trusts  they  will  be  again  Disappointed  in  their 
views  Should  they  put  their  Designs  against  Philadelphia  or 
this  State  their  all  is  at  Stake,  they  will  put  the  Contest  to  the 
event  of  A  Single  Battle,  if  they  are  overthrown  they  are 
utterly  undone,  the  war  ended,  now  then  is  the  time  for  our 
most  Strenious  exertion,  one  bold  Stroke  will  free  the  Land 
from  Rapine,  Devestation,  &  Burning;  Famale  Inocence  from 
brutal  Lust  &  Violence  in  every  other  Quarter  the  American 
Arms  have  of  Late  been  Rapidly  Successfull,  great  many  of  the 
Enemy  have  fallen  in  Battle,  &  Still  greater  numbers  have  been 
made  prisoners ;  the  Militia  to  the  Northward  have  fought  with 
A  Resolution  that  would  have  done  honour  to  old  Soldiers,  they 
have  Bravely  fought  &  Conquer'd  &  glory  attend  them  &  who 
can  forbear  to  emulate  their  noble  Spirits,  who  is  without  Am- 
bition to  Share  with  them  the  applause  of  their  Countrymen 
and  of  all  posterity,  As  the  Defenders  of  their  Liberty,  &  the 
procurers  of  peace  and  happiness,  to  millions  in  the  present  & 
future  Generation,  two  years  we  have  maintain'd  the  war  & 
Strugled  with  difficulties  Innumerable,  but  the  prospect  has 
brightned  and  our  affairs  put  on  A  better  face,  now  is  the  time 
to  Reap  the  fruits  of  all  our  toil  and  Dangers  if  we  behave  like 
men  this  third  Campaign  will  be  our  last,  ours  is  the  main 
army  to  us  our  Country  looks  for  protection,  the  eyes  of  all 
america  &  all  Urope,  are  turned  upon  us,  as  on  those  by  whome 
the  event  of  War  is  to  be  Determined  and  the  Genl  assures  his 
Country  men  and  fellow  Soldiers  that  he  believes  the  Critical 
&  important  moments  is  at  hand,  which  demand  their  most 
Spirited  exertion  to  the  Field,  Glory  waits  to  Crown  the  brave 
&  peace  freedom  &  happiness  will  be  the  Rewards  of  Victory, 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKIVOOD  161 

animated  by  Motives  like  those  Soldiers  fighting  in  the  Cause 
of  Innocense  humanity  &  Justice  will  never  give  way,  but  with 
undaunted  Resolution  press  on  to  Conquest,  &  these  the  Genl 
assures  himself  is  the  part  American  forces  now  in  Arms  will 
act  &  those  he  will  assure  Success. 

Genl  Ewings  Brigade  of  Militia  will  releive  the  men  of 
Genl  Nashes  Brigade  now  on  the  Little  guard  on  the  East  Side 
of  Brandewine  as  soon  as  possible  and  Dailey  furnish  it. 


Camp  near  Newport  Sepr  6th  1777. 
Regimental  Orders 

The  Commanding  officers  of  Companies  are  Requested  to 
have  their  men  Clean  &  hair  powder'd  to  morrow  at  2  OClock 
with  their  Arms  &  Accoutrements  in  good  order,  fit  to  bear 
Inspection  by  the  Commander  in  Chief,  any  person  appearing 
Contrairy  to  this  order  it  will  be  looked  on  to  be  the  officers 
Neglect  for  which  they  will  have  to  Acct,  any  Soldier  absent 
from  the  parade  at  the  above  mentioned  time,  Shall  assuredly 
Suffer  Agreeable  to  the  Articles  of  War,  unless  A  Reasonable 

excuse  be  given  for  the  Same.  „  _. 

fo  Chas  Pope 

Lt.  Coll.  D  R 


Head  Quarters  Wilmington  Sepr  6th  1777 

General  Orders 

Parole  Resolution 
C.  Sign  Firmness  &  Conquest 
Major  Genl  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling. 
Brigadier  Scott,  Field  Officers  Col.  Parker,  Major  Tory 
Brigade  Major  for  the  day. 


1 62  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

The  Genl  has  no  doubt  but  that  every  man  who  has  A  due 
Sense  of  the  Importance  of  the  Cause  he  has  taken  to  defend 
And  who  has  any  Regard  to  his  own  honour  &  the  Reputation 
of  A  Soldier,  will  if  Called  to  Action  will  behave  like  one 
Contending  for  every  thing  valuable,  but  if  contrary  to  his 
expectation  there  Shall  be  found  any  officer  or  Soldier  so  far 
lost  to  all  Shame  as  basely  to  quit  their  posts  without  orders,  or 
Shall  Skulk  from  danger  or  offer  to  Retreat  before  order  is 
given  for  so  doing  from  proper  authority  of  a  Superior  Officer, 
they  are  to  be  instantly  Shot  down,  as  a  Just  punishment  to 
themselves  &  for  an  example  to  others,  this  order  those  in  the 
Rear,  &  the  Corps  of  Reserve  are  to  See  duely  executed,  to 
prevent  the  Cowardly  making  a  Sacrifice  of  the  brave,  &  by 
their  ill  example  and  ground  less  tales  circulating  to  Cover 
their  own  Shamefull  conduct,  Spreading  terror  as  they  go ;  that 
this  order  may  be  well  known  &  strongly  Impressed  upon  the 
Army;  the  Genl  positively  orders  the  Commanding  officers  of 
every  Regt  to  assemble  his  men  &  have  it  Read  to  them;  to 
prevent  the  plea  of  Ignorance. 

The  Genl  begs  the  favour  of  the  Officers  to  be  attentive  to 
all  Strange  faces  &  Suspicious  persons,  which  may  be  des- 
cover'd  in  Camp  &  if  upon  examination  of  them  no  good  Acct 
can  be  given  why  they  are  there  to  carry  them  to  the  Majr 
Genl  of  the  day  for  further  examination,  this  as  it  is  only  A 
necessary  precaution  is  to  be  done  in  a  manner  least  offensive 
The  Genl  Officers  are  to  meet  at  5  OClock  this  afternoon  at 
the  Brick  house  by  Whiteclay  Creek  &  fix  upon  proper  Pic- 
quets  for  the  Security  of  the  Camp  John  Lawrence  and  Pres- 
ley Thompson  Esqrs  are  appointed  extra  Aid  de  Camp  to  the 
Commander  in  Chief  all  orders  therefore  through  them  in 
Writing  or  otherwise  are  to  be  Regarded  in  the  Same  light  as 
if  proceeding  from  any  other  of  his  Aids  de  Camp;  Notwith- 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  163 

standing  the  orders  relative  to  house,  they  are  Still  of  great 
Nuisances  to  ye  Army  the  QrMrs  of  Divisions  are  therefore  to 
See  that  they  are  fixed  at  Proper  distances  from  Camp,  &  that 
all  the  ofal  be  well  buried  once  a  day. 

The  Commander  in  Cheif  will  look  to  these  QrMrs  for  the 
Execution  of  this  order  &  no  excuse  can  be  admitted  for  neglect 
of  So  necessary  A  duty. 

After  Orders 

Information  has  been  given  that  many  of  the  Waggons 
horses  are  Suffered  to  go  loose  in  the  field,  the  Commander  in 
Cheif  Strictly  orders,  that  every  night  all  the  Waggon  horses 
be  put  to  the  Waggons  &  there  kept,  &  if  it  be  necessary  at 
any  time  for  them  to  go  to  grass,  that  it  be  only  in  the  day 
time,  &  then  the  Waggoneers  must  Stay  with  them.  Con- 
stantly, that  they  may  be  Ready  to  tackle  at  the  Shortest  no- 
tice, the  Waggon  masters  are  Required  to  See  this  order  Care- 
fully Executed,  The  Enemy  have  Disencumberred  themselves 
of  all  their  Baggage  that  their  movements  may  be  Quick  & 
easey;  it  behoves  us  to  be  alike  ready  for  marching  at  a  mo- 
ments warning  &  for  that  Reason  it  is  absolutely  necessary,  & 
the  Commander  in  Cheif  positively  requires  that  both  officers 
&   men   remain   constantly   at   their   Quarters.     Tattoo   is  no 

longer  to  be  beat  in  Camp.  ~,       _ 

Tim  Pickering 

Adjt.  Genl 


Sepr  6th  1777 
Division  Orders 

That  the  Waggon  horses  be  fixt  to  the  Waggons  at  retreat 
beating  every  night  &  keep  them  so  till  9  the  next  morning  & 
even   then   they  are  by  no  means  to  be   Separated   from   the 


1 64  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Waggons,  so  as  to  take  5  Minutes  to  get  them  fixed,  the  Com- 
manding Officers  of  Regts  &  Corps  to  See  those  orders  Com- 
plied with,  the  Commissary  of  the  Division  to  provide  himself 
immedietly  with  Sufficient  Waggons  to  move  his  Stores  &  is  to 
be  Ready  to  move  at  A  moments  warning,  his  Remaining  be- 
hind the  Division  Shall  Subject  him  to  A  Tryal  by  A  Court 
Martial  for  breach  of  orders,  the  Artillery  horses  to  be  fixed  to 
the  pieces  one  hour  before  day  each  morning;  A  Subl.  &  20  men 
to  mount  guard  every  night  at  the  Bridge  from  6  in  the  evening 
to  9  in  the  morning  to  examine  all  Strangers  that  are  passing, 
&  to  apprehend  Such  as  do  not  give  Satisfactory  Account  of 
themselves;  all  offenders  not  tryable  by  A  Regimental  Court 
martial  to  be  Sent  to  the  provost  guard,  The  picquet  guard  to 
be  Releived  tomorrow  morning  in  the  Same  manner  it  was  this 
morning,  the  Prisoners  in  the  Main  guard  are  order'd  to  the 
QrGuards  of  their  Respective  Regts  And  to  be  tried  by  A 
Regimental  Court  Martial,  the  main  Guard  is  desolved,  Wal- 
ter Cox  Esqr.  is  appointed  Acting  Brigade  Major  in  Genl 
Smallwoods  Brigade  in  the  absence  of  Genl  Smallwood  &  is  to 
be  respected  &  obeyed  as  Such. 


6th  Sepr  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

The  Commanding  officers  of  Regts  will  be  pleas'd  to  order 
Weekly  Returns  to  be  made  out  &  deliver'd  to  Majr  Cox  im- 
medietly that  proper  details  may  be  made  out. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKIVOOD  165 

Head  Quarters  Newport  7th  Sepr  1777 
General  Orders 

Parole  Cambridge  C:  Sign  Dartmouth  Granby 
Major  General  for  tomorrow  Stephens 
Brigadier  Weeden,  Field  Officers  Col.  Marshal 

Major  Ballard,  The  Genl  has  Received  A  Confirmation  of 
the  Intilligence  mentioned  in  the  after  orders  of  last  night,  that 
the  Enemy  has  Disencumber'd  themselves  of  all  their  Baggage 
even  tents  Reserving  only  their  Blankets,  &  Such  part  of  their 
Clothing  as  is  Absolutely  Necessary,  this  Indicates  A  Speedy 
and  Rapid  movement,  &  points  out  the  necessaty  of  following 
the  example  &  Ridding  ourselves  for  A  few  days  of  all  things 
we  possible  can  dispence  with  as  A  verry  Imperfect  obedience 
has  been  paid  to  former  orders  on  this  Subject,  now  once  more 
Strictly  enjoins  that  all  baggage  which  can  be  Spared  Both 
officers  &  men,  be  immedietly  pack'd  up  &  sent  off  this  day  to 
the  otherside  Brandewine,  this  order  having  been  heretofore 
eluded  by  A  too  Indulgent  Contraction  of  the  Genl  terms  on 
which  it  has  been  Couch'd,  the  Genl  is  oblidg'd  to  be  more  ex- 
plicit &  to  Declare  that  is  his  Intention  the  Officers  Should 
only  Retain  their  Blankets  &  Great  Coats  &  only  three  or  four 
Shifts  of  under  Cloaths,  &  that  all  the  men  Should  besides 
what  they  have  on  keep  only  a  Blanket,  one  Shirt  a  piece  & 
Such  as  have  great  Coats,  all  trunks  Chests  &  boxes  either 
bedding  or  Cloaths  then  these  mentioned,  to  be  Sent  away  till 
the  elapsing  of  a  few  days  Shall  determine  whether  the  Enemy 
means  to  make  an  immediate  attack  or  not,  its  hop'd  that  none 
will  have  So  little  Sense  of  propriety  as  to  deem  the  measure 
So  obvious  for  the  good  of  the  Army  &  the  Service  (Hard- 
ships) it  would  be  wholly  in  the  extream  to  hazzard  the  loss 
of  our  baggage  for  the  Sake  of  a  little  present  Convenience  as 


1 66  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

loss  at  this  time  would  be  irrepareable  this  disadvantage  at  this 
time  to  have  them  to  take  Care  of  at  the  moment  of  an  attack 
when  we  Should  be  preparing  for  defence,  its  evident  that  the 
attention  of  both  officers  &  men  will  then  be  wholly  engrossed 
for  its  Safety,  &  the  enemy  will  have  time  to  be  upon  us  be- 
fore we  are  Ready  to  receive  them  the  Consequence  of  this 
will  be  bustle  &  confusion  &  perhaps  Defeat  &  disgrace,  the 
loss  of  our  baggage  &  not  Improbable  the  ruin  of  the  army,  the 
Commander  in  Cheif  in  A  perticular  manner  looks  to  the  Genl 
Officers  for  the  execution  of  these  orders  in  their  Respective 
Divisions  &  Brigades. 

The  whole  Army  is  to  Draw  two  days  provisions  exclusive 
of  today,  have  it  Cook'd  &  deposited  with  the  Regimental  Qr- 
Master,  Provided  Salt  provisions  can  be  got,  otherwise  one 
days  fresh  Provisions  to  be  Cooked  deposited  as  aforesaid  & 
two  days  hard  Bread  if  to  be  had. 

All  the  Horses  except  Capt.  Lewes's  Troop  take  post  on  the 
Right  of  the  army,  tents  of  the  whole  army  are  to  be  Struck  & 
pack'd  upon  the  Waggons  to  morrow  morning  an  hour  before 
day  and  the  horses  tackled,  all  the  Corps  of  Horses  are  to  be 
Saddled  at  the  Same  time  &  the  Whole  Army  Drawn  up  in 
their  Respective  lines,  the  QrM.  Genl  is  to  Spare  no  pains  Im- 
medietly  to  provide  Waggons  to  Carry  the  mens  Knapsacks, 
that  they  may  be  perfectly  light  &  free  for  Action. 

No  more  Sick  to  be  Sent  to  Concord  but  to  Bermingham. 


Sepr  7  &  8th  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Officers  for  tomorrow  from  Gen.  Smallwoods  Brigade 
(8th)  The  tents  of  the  Division  to  be  pitch'd  at  1 1  OClock, 
100  men  with  2  Capts  &  4  Subalterns  to  be  paraded  near  Genl 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  167 

Washingtons  Quarters  at  10  OClock  this  forenoon  the  Com- 
mand to  be  taken  by  A  Lt.  Coll.  from  Genl  Deborres  Brigade, 
they  are  to  have  with  them  provision  &  Blankets  &  are  to 
ground  their  Arms  at  the  place  of  parade  &  remain  there  untill 
the  Field  officer  Repairs  there. 


T5  •     a    n  a  Sepr  8th  J777 

Brigade  Orders 

Commanding  Officers  in  Regts  in  Genl  Smallwoods  Brigade 
to  order  two  days  provisions  to  be  immedietly  drawn  & 
Cook'd,  the  Soldiers  Arms  to  be  put  in  the  best  order,  Catridge 
Boxes  filled  with  Catridges,  &  hold  themselves  in  Readiness  to 
march  at  a  moments  Warning,  the  Commissary  of  ye  Brigade 
is  ordered  to  furnish  A  Sufficient  Quantity  of  Provision  other- 
wise his  neglect  will  be  enquired  into. 

It  is  meant  to  have  two  days  cook'd  on  hand. 


Monday  Sepr  8th  1777  (Near  Newport) 
Struck  tents  &  went  to  work  in  the  lines,  lay  there  till  3 
OClock  Tuesday  morning  the  9th  then  March'd  about  10  miles 
to  Chadds  ford  &  forded  over  &  there  encamped,  Wednesday 
ye  10  march'd  to  gordons  ford  being  about  4  miles  there  lay  all 
night,  Thursday  the  eleventh  about  2  OClock  P.  M.  march'd 
About  \l/2  miles  to  the  field  of  Action  near  Jeffries  at  Brande- 
wine  our  Regt  was  Sent  as  A  flanking  party  on  the  Enemys 
left  wing,  during  the  engagement  we  were  Several  times  ex- 
posed to  the  fire  of  the  enemys  Cannon  &  Small  arms. 
About  Sun  set  retreated  to  Chester  being  15  miles. 
Friday  12th  march'd  through  Derby  to  Schuylkill  being  12 
miles  and  encamp'd  near  the  Bridge  on  this  the  River  Phlada 
County. 


1 68  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Quarters  Sepr  12th  1777 

General  Orders 

The  Commanding  Officer  of  each  Brigade  is  immedietly  to 
Send  off  as  many  Officers  as  he  Shall  think  necessary  on  the 
Roads  leading  to  the  place  of  Action  Yesterday  &  on  any  other 
Roads  where  the  Straglers  may  be  found  &  perticularly  to 
Wilmington  to  pick  up  all  Straglers  from  the  Army  and  bring 
them  on;  in  doing  this  they  Should  proceed  as  far  towards  the 
Enemy  as  Shall  be  convenient  to  their  own  Safety,  and  examine 
every  house,  in  the  main  time  the  troops  are  to  march  on  in 
good  order  through  Darby,  to  the  Bridge  towards  Schuylkill  & 
Germain  town  &  there  pitch  their  tents,  Genl  Greens  Division 
will  move  last  &  cover  the  Baggage  Stores.  A  Gil  of  Rum  or 
whiskey  is  to  be  Served  out  to  each  man  who  has  not  already 
that  allowance. 

Genl  Smallwoods  light  troops  will  remain  at  Chester  to  Col- 
lect all  the  Straglers  as  they  come  and  tomorrow  morning  fol- 
low the  Army,  the  Directors  of  the  Hospitals  will  see  that  all 
Sick  and  wounded  are  Sent  to  Trentown  in  doing  this  Genl 
Maxwell  will  give  them  all  necessary  assistance,  the  Genl  ex- 
pects each  Regt  or  Officers  commanding  Brigades  will  imme- 
dietly make  the  most  exact  Returns  of  their  killed  wounded  & 
missing. 

After  Orders 

The  Officers  are  without  loss  of  time  to  See  that  they  are 
Compleated  with  amunition,  that  their  arms  are  in  the  best 
order,  the  inside  of  them  washed  clean  &  well  dried,  the  touch 
holes  pick'd  &  a  good  flint  in  each  gun,  the  Strictest  Attention 
is  expected  will  be  paid  to  this  order  as  the  officers  must  be 
Sensible  that  their  own  honour,  the  Safety  of  the  Soldiers  & 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  169 

Success  of  the  Cause  depends  absolutely  upon  a  carefull  execu- 
tion of  it,  the  Commanding  officers  of  each  Regt  is  to  endeavour 
to  procure  Such  necessaries  as  are  wanting  for  his  men. 

An  exact  Return  of  ye  State  of  each  Regt  to  be  made  imme- 
dietly. 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow  Stevens,  Brigadier  Conway. 

Field  officers  Coll.  Lewes,  Major  Ball. 


Saturday  ye  13th  Sepr  1777 

Struck  tents  and  march'd  through  Germaintown  &  encamped 
about  one  mile  on  the  N.  W.  Side  of  Germainton  in  an  or- 
chard being  about  8  miles.     Philada  County. 


Pensylvania    State   Head   Qrtrs   Germainton    Sepr    13th 
1777 

General  Orders 

Parole  Concord — C:  Sign  Carlisle   (Danburry) 

The  General  with  perticular  Satisfaction  thanks  those  Gal- 
lant Officers  &  Soldiers  who  on  the  nth  Inst  bravely  fought 
in  their  Countries  Cause;  if  there  are  any  whose  Conduct  Re- 
flects Dishonour  upon  Soldiership  and  their  names  are  not 
pointed  out  to  him,  he  must  for  the  present  leave  them  to  Re- 
flect how  much  they  have  injured  their  Country,  how  unfaith- 
fully they  have  proved  to  their  fellow  Soldiers  but  with  this 
exortation  they  embrace  the  first  opportunity  which  may  offer 
to  do  Justice  to  both,  &  to  the  profession  of  a  Soldier. 

Although  the  event  of  that  day  from  some  unfortunate  cir- 
cumstances was  not  so  favourable  as  Could  be  wished,  the  Genl 
has   the   Satisfaction   to   inform   the   Troops,   that   from   every 


i7o  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

account  that  has  been  obtain'd  the  Enemies  loss  far  exceeds,  and 
has  full  Confidence  that  in  another  appeal  to  heaven,  with  the 
blessing  of  Providence,  which  it  becomes  every  officer  &  Soldier 
humbly  to  Supplicate,  we  Shall  prove  Successfull,  The  Hon- 
ourable Congress  in  Consideration  of  the  gallant  behaviour  of 
the  Troops  on  Thursday  last,  their  fatague  Since  &  from  a  full 
conviction  that  on  every  future  occation  they  will  manifest  a 
bravery  worthy  of  the  Cause  they  have  undertaking  to  defend ; 
have  been  pleased  to  order  thirty  Hogsheads  of  Rum  to  be 
destributed  among  them,  in  Such  manner  as  the  Commander  in 
Cheif  Should  Direct,  he  orders  the  Commissary  Genl  of  Issues 
to  deliver  to  each  officer  &  Soldier  I  Gill  pr  day  while  it  lasts. 

The  Commanding  Officers  of  each  Brigade  without  delay  is 
to  Send  a  number  of  Active  Officers  into  the  City  &  its  en- 
virons to  pick  up  &  bring  to  Camp  all  Stragling  Soldiers  whome 
they  may  find,  as  well  those  belonging  to  other  Brigades  as 
their  own,  likewise  a  Serjeant  from  each  Brigade,  to  the  Bridge 
over  Schuylkill  to  direct  the  Soldiers  as  they  Cross  where  to 
find  their  Brigades,  at  Roll  Calling  this  afternoon  the  men  are 
to  be  Charged  not  to  be  out  of  Drum  call  of  their  respective 
Parades,  under  pain  of  death,  nor  officers,  as  they  value  the 
Service  &  dread  Cashiering. 

The  QRM.  Genl  is  to  have  the  Waggons  of  each  Brigade 
Immedietly  Arranged  So  as  to  move  them  in  their  proper  time, 
at  a  moments  warning,  the  order  of  the  Encampment  at  this 
place  need  not  be  attended  too,  as  our  Stay  here  will  be  Short, 
each  Division  is  to  encamp  in  as  Compact  order  as  possible  to- 
night, all  the  Continental  Troops  are  to  be  Suppli'd  immedietly 
with  forty  Catridges,  &  the  officers  will  see  that  the  Soldiers 
carry  their  Spare  Amunition  in  Such  a  manner  as  to  avoid 
Injury  &  Loss;  The  Clothier  General  is  ordered  to  Send  Spare 
Shoes  Shirts  &c.  to  Camp,  to  furnish  such  men  as  are  destitute, 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  171 

the  Commanding  officers  therefore  of  Corps  are  to  delay  no 
time  in  Supplying  the  Absolute  want  of  their  men. 

The  Genl  does  most  ardently  exhort  every  officer  to  attend 
to  the  due  &  Speedy  execution  of  these  orders  without  A  mo- 
ments loss  of  time. 


After  Orders  Sepr  13th  1777 

The  following  proportion  of  tents  is  Allowed  the  Army  upon 
its  next  march  Viz.  1  Soldiers  tent  for  the  Field  officers  1 
Do.  for  4  other  Commissioned  officers  1  Do.  for  8  Serjeants, 
Drummers  or  fifers  I  Do.  for  every  8  Privates. 

The  Brigadiers  to  have  Returns  made  out  And  the  above 
proportion  of  tents  taken  for  their  Brigades  &  one  Waggon  for 
every  50  tents  &  no  more,  no  weomen  on  any  pretence  what- 
soever to  go  with  the  army  but  to  follow  the  Baggage,  the  Sol- 
diers to  carry  their  Camp  kettles,  which  if  the  army  Should 
Come  to  Action  are  to  be  put  in  the  waggons  with  the  tents, 
the  invalids  under  A  good  Subaltern  are  to  guard  the  tents  of 
each  Brigade.  The  Division  Commissaries  are  directed  to  have 
A  good  Supply  of  Provisions  for  troops,  and  the  QRM.  Genl 
must  without  fail  furnish  the  necessary  Waggon  for  that  pur- 
pose a  Gill  of  Rum  or  other  Spirits  to  be  dealt  out  to  every 
officer  &  Private  untill  further  orders,  the  Commissaries  are  to 
make  provision  Accordingly. 

The  Army  are  to  be  Ready  to  march  presisely  at  9  OClock 
tomorrow  morning,  the  Genl  Officers  commanding  Divisions 
will  Receive  the  orders  of  march  from  the  QRM.  Genl  who 
will  also  Direct  the  Rout  of  the  Baggage. 


1 72  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Quarters  Germainton  Sepr  14th  1777 
General  order  for  the  line  of  March. 

The  troops  are  to  march  to  Sweeds  ford  in  the  following 
order  by  Sub  Divisions  from  the  Right. 

1st  Two  thirds  of  the  Light  Dragoons  from  which  their 
Commanding  Officer  will  Detach  Small  parties  to  Reconitre  in 
front  and  on  the  flanks  to  A  Considerable  distance,  800  yards 
in  the  Rear. 

2ndly  A  Captains  Command  from  Genl  Smallwoods  Brigade. 
3dly  One  Regt  from  Smallwoods  Brigade  200  yds  in   the 
Rear. 

4thly  The  Residue  of  his  Brigade  300  yds  in  the  Rear  of 
that. 

5thly  The  main  Body  of  the  Army  500  yards  in  the  rear  of 
that  Brigade. 

And  in  the  Following  order  Viz. 
1st  General  Sullivans  Division. 
2d  Lord  Sterling. 
3d  General  Waynes. 
4th  The  park  of  Artilery. 
5th  Genl  Nash's  Brigade. 
6th  Genl  Stevens  Division. 
7th  Genl  Greens  Division. 
6thly  The  Waggons  with  tents,    Hospital  &   Commissaries 
Stores,  7thly  Rear  guard  of  two  Regts  of  Genl  Weedens  Brig- 
ade 8thly  A  Captains  Command   from  these   two  Regts  200 
yds  in  the  rear  9thly  The  Remaining  3d  of  the  Dragoons  500 
yds  in  ye  rear  of  the  foot,  iothly  A  Subalterns  command  from 
the  Dragoons  500  yds  in  their  Rear,  the  guards  in  front,  and 
near  each  Brigade  to  send  out  Small  flanking  parties  in  their 
left,  the  rear  guards  of  foot  &  Dragoons  to  pick  up  all  Strag- 
lers. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  173 

Sunday  14th  September  Struck  tents  &  March'd  from  Ger- 
mainton  &  Forded  Schuylkill  at  Davis's  ford,  then  march'd 
to  the  Sign  of  the  Brick  on  the  Lancaster  Road  Chester  County 
&  lay  in  the  woods  being  about  1 1  miles. 


Head  Quarters  14th  September  1777 

General  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow.  . .  .Sterling. 
Brigadier    Wayne. 

Officers  for  the  Day  Coll.  Hendricks,  Major  Brawster, 
Major  Fleury,  Officers  for  Picquet  Coll.  Ogdon,  and  Major 
Flower  The  whole  Line  while  it  keeps  unseperated  is  to  fur- 
nish 600  men  properly  Officer'd  for  guard,  each  Brigade  to 
give  in  proportion  to  their  Strength,  these  men  are  to  be  under 
the  immediate  direction  of  the  Major  General  &  the  Officers 
of  the  day  who  with  the  Assistance  of  the  QRM  Genl  agree- 
able to  the  orders  of  the  10th  Inst,  are  to  See  that  their  out 
guards  are  posted  in  Such  A  manner  as  most  effectually  to 
Secure  the  Camp,  if  the  Differrent  Avenues  Should  not  Require 
the  Above  number,  the  overplus  is  to  remain  as  A  Picquett 
near  the  park  of  Artilery,  &  to  be  always  Ready  to  reinforce 
every  Guard,  or  answer  every  other  purpose  that  the  Major 
General  or  other  officer  of  the  Day  Shall  think  Necessary 
these  guards  in  Common  are  to  parade  at  8  OClock  in  the 
morning  near  the  Artillery  Park,  but  when  ever  the  troops 
are  to  march,  they  are  to  Assemble  there  at  least  half  an  hour 
before  the  time  appointed  for  the  March  of  the  Army,  &  from 
thence  the  Major  General  or  other  officer  of  the  day,  will 
order  so  many  as  he  or  they  Shall  Judge  necessary  to  move  on 
with  the  QRMaster  to  the  place  of  Destination,  &  after  the 


174  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Guards  &  all  the  Avenues  to  the  new  encampment  are  well 
Reconitred  the  guards  are  to  be  posted;  Such  troops  as  have 
not  been  Supplied  with  their  Compliment  of  Catridges  agree- 
able to  the  orders  of  the  13th  Inst,  are  to  be  furnished  imme- 
dietly  the  Troops  are  also  to  get  provisions  cook'd  for  tomor- 
row at  least;    the  Clothier  Genl  is  attending  with  Shoes  &c. 

The  officers  commanding  Regts  are  to  delay  no  time  in  get- 
ting their  men  Supplied  in  future  when  ever  the  men  are 
found  for  Action  the  Serjeants  are  to  be  plac'd  in  the  ranks  on 
the  flanks  of  the  Sub  Divisions,  that  the  Benefit  of  their  fire 
may  not  be  lost,  the  Brigadiers  &  officers  Commanding  Regts 
are  also  to  put  some  good  Officer  in  the  Rear  to  keep  the  men 
in  order,  &  if  in  time  of  Action  any  man  who  is  not  wounded 
whether  he  has  arms  or  not  turns  his  back  upon  the  Enemy  or 
attempts  to  run  away,  or  to  Retreat  before  orders  are  given 
for  it,  those  officers  are  to  put  him  instantly  to  death,  the  man 
does  not  deserve  to  live  who  basely  flies,  breaks  his  Sollemn 
engagement  &  betrays  his  Country.  Such  men  Belonging  to 
Genl  Maxwells  light  Corps  as  have  Returned  to  their  Regts 
are  again  to  Join  Genl  Maxwell  without  Delay  And  the  Offi- 
cers Commanding  Regts  are  to  make  dilligent  Search  for  those 
men,  &  See  that  they  are  Sent  to  Join  that  Corps  Immedietly. 


Monday  15th  September  march'd  about  14  miles  on  the 
Same  Road  pitch'd  our  tents  in  the  woods  at  night,  Chester 
County. 

Head  Qrtrs  15th  Sepr  1777 
General  Orders 

The  Commanding  Officers  of  each  Regt  is  immedietly  to 
make  an  exact   inspection   into   their  mens   amunition,   &   See 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  175 

that  it  is  Compleated  to  40  Rounds  A  man,  provision  to  be 
Drawn  &  Cook'd  for  today  &  to  morrow  the  Commander  in 
Chief  expects  a  punctual  &  Instant  comply  with  these  orders. 

Thos.  Pickerring 

Adjt  Genl 

Tuesday  16th  Sepr.  Struck  Tents  Cross'd  the  main  Road 
and  paraded  in  line  of  Battle  in  A  Buckwheat  Field  expecting 
the  enemy  in  order  to  give  them  battle,  began  to  rain  verry 
hard  &  Continued  all  day  and  night,  filed  off  to  the  left  & 
march'd  1 1  Miles  to  the  Yellow  Springs  there  Stay'd  all  night 
on  the  Brow  of  a  hill  without  tents  (Chester  County)  Wed- 
nsday  17th  march'd  and  Cross'd  French  Creek  Bridge  being  6 
miles  went  3  miles  further  there  Stayed  all  night  being  9  miles 
(no  tents)  Thursday  18th  march'd  About  3  OClock  in  the 
morning,  to  Reading  Furnace  being  12  miles  &  there  encamp'd 
on  the  brow  of  an  hill,  Friday  19th  returned  back  to  our  last 
encampment  being  12  miles,  filed  off  to  the  left  and  forded 
Schuylkill  &  march'd  towards  ye  Sweeds  ford  7  miles  and 
halted  in  the  woods  at  10  OClock  at  night  march'd  through 
the  trap  to  Richardsons  ford  being  10  miles  (in  all  29  miles) 
Philada  County. 

Head  Quarters  Richardsons  ford  20th  Sepr  1777 

Division  Orders 

Field  officer  of  the  day  from  Coll.  Hazens  Brigade  for 

to  morrow  from  Coll.  Stones  do. 

The  Conductors  of  military  Stores  for  the  Division  to  See 

that  there  is  A  Sufficient  Supply  of  Suitable  Ammunition  got 

immedietly  the  Commissaries  is  to  deliver  out  for  to  day  A 

double  allowance  of  Fatague  Rum; 


176  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

The  Commanders  of  Brigades  to  See  that  their  amunition 
is  in  good  order  &  to  have  it  carefully  examined,  also  to  Send 
their  Respective  QRMasters  out  for  provisions,  Sufficient  to 
Supply  the  present  necessaty  of  the  Division,  they  giving  Re- 
ceipts for  what  they  Receive  for  that  purpose,  unless  the  Com- 
missaries Should  Supply  the  Same;  An  orderly  Serjt  from 
each  Brigade  to  be  sent  immedietly  to  the  Genls  Qrtrs;  Coll. 
Stones  Brigade  to  furnish  the  Generals  guard  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible.   

Head  Quarters  Richardsons  ford  21st  Sepr  1777 

Division  Orders 

The  General  is  much  Surprised  that  through  the  Ignorance 
of  Some  of  our  Officers,  a  British  flag  has  Cross'd  the  River 
and  come  into  our  encampment  without  being  Stop'd,  the  Gen- 
eral expressly  orders  that  in  future  no  flag  from  the  British 
army,  be  permitted  to  Cross  the  Schuylkill  on  any  pretence, 
and  all  officers  who  may  hereafter  permit  it,  Shall  be  punished 
for  breach  of  orders; 

The  Commanding  officers  of  Companies  are  to  order  the 
amunition  of  their  men  to  be  inspected  into  at  every  time  the 
Roll  is  Call'd  &  call  their  men  to  an  Acct  for  Such  ammuni- 
tion as  may  be  wanting,  the  Reason  of  the  foregoing  order  will 
readily  appear  when  it  is  known  that  men  have  made  A  prac- 
tice of  Destroying  their  powder  &  throw  their  balls  about  the 
Street,  such  conduct  being  of  the  most  alarming  nature  will 
enduce  every  officer  to  watch  the  conduct  of  his  Soldiers  re- 
specting so  important  A  point,  The  Brigade  Major  of  Coll. 
Stones  is  immedietly  to  repair  to  the  Long  ford  with  A  Sub- 
altern from  Coll.  Stones  Brigade  and  relieve  the  one  Station'd 
there,  &  put  him  in  arrest  for  permitting  A  Brittish  flag  to 
pass  the  ford  into  our  encampment  without  being  examin'd  or 
Stopp'd  at  the  post  committed  to  his  Charge. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  177 

Sunday  21st  Sepr  march'd  about  3  in  the  afternoon  down 
to  the  bank  of  the  Schuylkill  being  about  2  miles  lay  under 
arms  all  night,  Monday  22nd  march'd  2  hours  before  day 
about  10  miles  on  the  Reading  Road  Stopp'd  in  the  woods  to 
Refresh  about  2  P.  M.  march'd  5  miles  further  and  encamped 
in  A  place  Called  Faulkners  Swamp;  (in  all  15  miles)  Philada 
County.  

New  Hannover  Hd  Qrs  Sepr  23rd  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Sterling 

Brigadier Weeden 

Field  Officer  Coll.  Duncomb,  Lt.  Coll.  Ennis,  Brigade 
Major  Fleury;  Major  Stubblefleld. 
The  Genl  expects  Returns  of  the  Army  to  morrow  morning 
without  fail,  enjoins  it  upon  the  Commanding  Officers  of 
Corps  to  see  that  they  are  exactly  made,  each  Regt  is  to  pro- 
ceed to  make  Cattridges  for  its  own  use  that  they  may  be  held 
in  Store,  Genl  Knox  will  furnish  them  with  materials,  It  is 
expected  as  the  weather  is  cool,  that  the  troops  will  never  have 
less  than  two  days  provisions  by  them  the  necessaty  of  this 
the  Genl  does  in  the  Strongest  manner  impress  upon  the  offi- 
cers in  hopes  they  will  exert  themselves  in  Seeing  it  executed, 
as  the  Soldiers  or  the  Service  must  greatly  Suffer  unless  this 
is  attended  to;  The  Genl  is  informed  the  Tin  Cannisters 
which  were  Serv'd  out  for  the  purpose  of  Carrying  amunition 
are  in  Some  instances  employ'd  to  other  uses  he  therefore  posi- 
tively forbids  Such  practices; 

Jas  Loyd  is  Appointed  Volunteer  A.  D.  C.  to  General  Green 
&  is  to  be  obey'd  &  respected  as  Such,  the  Sick  in  Camp  are 
to  be  Sent  immedietly  to  the  Artillery  Park,  or  house,  or  Barn 
nearest  thereto,  that  the  Surjeons  may  Send  them  in  Waggons 


178  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

to  Reading,  A  Carefull  Subaltern  from  each  Division  is  to 
go  with  them,  If  so  many  are  not  necessary  the  Surjeon  Gen- 
eral will  dismiss  Some  of  them,  each  man  is  to  take  one  days 
provision  with  him. 


Wednsday  22th  Sepr.  Struck  tents  &  march'd  about  ^2  a 
mile,  then  return'd  &  pitch'd  tents  in  the  Same  encampment, 
(1  mile  this  day). 


September  23rd   1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  day  to  morrow  from  Coll.  Stones 

Brigade. 
Major  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Cox. 

A  Picquett  Consisting  of  one  Field  officer,  four  Captains, 
Eight  Subalterns,  with  A  proportion  of  non  Commissioned 
officers  and  200  Privates  to  be  paraded  at  the  park  of  Artil- 
lery every  morning  precisely  at  8  OClock,  the  detail  to  be  in 
proportion  to  each  Brigade  excepting  the  Detail  of  tomorrow 
which  is  to  be  equal — one  Field  Officer,  2  Capts  4  Subtns  with 
Serjts  &  Corpls  in  proportion  &  100  Privates  from  Coll.  Ha- 
zens  Brigade. 

The  Brigade  Major  for  of  the  day  for  ye  Division  to  See 
that  the  Pickett  is  on  the  Division  Parade,  by  7  OClock  in  the 
morning  in  order  that  he  march  them  to  the  park  of  Artillery 
Agreeable  to  the  time  appointed. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  179 

Head  Qrs  near  Bligrove  24th  Sepr  1777 
General  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  to  morrow  Stephens. 
Brigadier   Scott,   Field  Officers  Col.   Farmer,   Lt.  Col. 
Ford,    Brigade    Major    Williams,    Field    officer    for 
Picquett  Major  Bell. 


Sepr  24th  1777 
Division  Orders 

Field  Officer  of  the  Day  tomorrow  from  Col.  Hazens 

Brigade. 
Field  officer  for  the  Reserve  Picquett  from  Col.  Stones 

Brigade. 
Major  of  the  Day  tomorrow  Flury; 
A  Court  of  Inquiry  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at  9  OClock 
to  inquire  into  the  Conduct  of  Lt.  Coats  of  Col.  Prices  Regt 
at  the  Battle  of  Brandewine,  Col.  Gunby  President  of  Said 
Court,  3  Capts  &  3  Subs  from  each  Brigade,  to  Sit  as  mem- 
bers.   

Head  Qrs  Sepr  25th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Sullivan. 

Brigadier   Conway. 

Field  Officers  Col.  Grayson,  Lt.  Col.  Deffart. 
Brigade  Major  Cox,  for  Pickett  Lt.  Col.  Barber.  A  Gen- 
eral Court  Martial  to  Sit  immedietly  at  the  house  where  Genl 
Conway  Quarters  for  the  tryal  of  all  prisoners,  which  Shall 
be  brought  Before  them ;  Col.  James  Wood  is  appointed  Pres- 
ident of  this  Court  one  Carefull  Subt  from  each  Regt  is  to  be 
Sent  off  to  Bethlehim  with  Col.  Biddle  immedietly,  to  inspect 


i8o  THE    ORDER   BOOK   OF 

the  Baggage  of  the  army,  to  See  if  it  Suffers  from  Dampness, 
&  if  it  does,  to  have  it  properly  dried  and  put  it  up  again,  & 
then  to  See  that  it  be  well  Secured,  &  guarded  against  Plun- 
derers, these  Officers  are  to  Assemble  at  3  OClock  in  the  after- 
noon at  the  QRM.  Genls  Qrs  the  next  house  beyond  Head 
Qrs.  Hence  forward  all  Brigade  Returns  are  to  be  made 
directly  to  the  Adjt  Genl;  Ordinary  Weekly  Returns  of  each 
Brigade  to  be  made  every  Monday  at  orderly  time.     Parole 

Bunker  hill.  f  „ 

Bennington. 

Brandewine. 


C.  Sign     J 

Sepr  25th  1777 


Division  Orders 

Field  officer  of  the  day  tomorrow  from  Col.  Stones  Brigade 
the  Pickett  in  future  to  consist  of  1 1 1  men  2  Capts  &  4  Subs 
Col.  Hazens  to  furnish  for  his  part  1  Capt.  2  Subs  Serjts  & 
Corpls  in  proportion  &  61  men,  Col.  Stone  for  his  part  1  Capt. 
2  Subs  with  a  proportion  of  Serjeants  &  Corporals  &  50  men, 
The  Brigade  Majors  to  march  their  own  men  on  the  Grand 
parade  every  morning. 


Head  Qrtrs  Postgrove  Sepr  26th  1777 

Genl  Orders  ,  „ 

_,._».  ^  n.        I    lrenton. 

Parole  Princeton    C  Sign   1   _  .      . 

I  Bristol. 

Major  General  for  tomorrow Green. 

Brigadier    Nash. 

Field    Officer    Col.    Martin    of    the    North    Carolina 

Troops, 

Lt.  Col.  Pope  of  the  Delaware  Regt. 

Brigade  Major  Scott. 

Field  officer  of  the  Pickett  the  Lt.  Col.  of  the  6th  Pensylva- 

nia  Regt  the  troops  are  to  be  Ready  to  march  at  9  OClock 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  181 

this  morning  with  all  Baggage  Pack'd  &  paraded,  to  march  off 
by  the  Aft.  all  the  tent  Waggons  to  go  next  in  the  Rear  of  the 
troops,  in  the  order  in  which  the  troops  march  &  then  the  rest 
of  the  Waggons  the  leading  Division  (Greens)  to  beat  a 
march,  &  march  to  be  followed  by  the  other  troops  in  their 
order. 

The  Commander  in  Chief  approves  of  the  Following  Sen- 
tences of  A  Genl  Court  martial  held  the  25th  Inst  whereof 
Col.  James  Wood  was  President,  Jno.  Famdon  of  Col.  Hart- 
leys Regt  Charg'd  with  Desertion  to  the  enemy  &  Inlisting 
with  them,  the  Court  are  of  opinion  that  the  prisoner  is  not 
guilty  of  inlisting  with  the  enemy,  the  Court  upwards  of  two 
thirds  Agreeing,  do  Sentence  the  prisoner  for  the  Charge  of 
Desertion  to  Suffer  death.  James  Dilworth  of  Col.  Moylands 
Regt  light  Dragoons  Charg'd  with  Deserting  &  attempting  to 
go  to  the  enemy  Acquitted,  &  is  to  be  Sent  forwith  to  Join 
his  Regt  Daniel  Applegate  of  the  1st  New  Jersey  Regt  Charg'd 
with  desertion  &  attempting  to  go  to  the  enemy  Acquitted  &  is 
forthwith  to  Join  his  Regt. 

The  bad  &  wicked  practices  of  Plundering  the  Inhabitants 
being  Still  Continued  notwithstanding  all  former  orders,  some 
cases  in  the  most  attrocious  manner,  the  Commander  in  Chief 
requires  the  Genl  orders  of  the  4th  Inst  relative  thereto,  be 
Solemnly  read  without  delay  by  the  Commanding  officer  of 
each  Regt  to  his  men  the  punishment  denounc'd  in  those  orders 
will  be  instantly  inflicted  on  the  offenders —  The  Genl  being 
informed  that  many  Regts  have  but  one  orderly  book,  he  in 
Some  measures  ceases  to  Wonder  that  orders  are  so  little 
known  and  so  frequently  disobeyed  untill  each  Company  can 
be  furnished  with  one,  the  Officers  commanding  Regts  are  to 
See  that  their  officers  &  men  are  clearly  informed  of  every 
order  which  concerns  them  respectively,  by  Reading  or  causing 


1 82  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

the  same  to  be  Read  to  them,  Should  this  be  in  future  a 
grounded  plea  of  Ignorance  of  orders,  the  Commanding  offi- 
cers of  Regts  will  Consider  themselves  as  answerable  there- 
fore. 

Friday  26th  Sepr.  Struck  tents  and  forded  parkaoming 
Creek  &  encamp'd  on  the  brow  of  a  hill  near  S'd  Creek  being 
7  miles  Philada  County. 


Head  Qurtrs  27th  Sepr  1777 
Genl  Orders 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  of  which  Coll.  Wood  is  president 
is  to  Sit  immedietly  at  the  house  next  above  Head  Qrs  as  the 
troops  will  Rest  to  Day,  Divine  Service  is  to  be  perform'd  in 
all  the  Corps  that  have  Chaplains;  one  orderly  Serjt  from 
each  Brigade  is  to  attend  forthwith  at  Head  Qrs  &  the  Brigade 
Majors  will  see  that  done  immedietly,  every  day  when  orders 
have  not  been  previously  given  for  marching  an  orderly  Serjt 
from  each  Brigade  likewise  to  attend  Genl  Court  Martials 
Such  Regts  who  have  not  already  made  up  their  Catridges  so 
as  to  compleat  40  Rounds  a  man  at  least  are  to  do  it  this  day 
without  fail,  the  Commanding  Officers  of  Regts  are  to  See  this 
done,  &  all  their  Spare  Amunition  to  be  mark'd  and  put  into 
an  Amunition  Waggon,  &  to  follow,  for  each  Division,  the 
men  are  to  carry  only  their  Cartruch  Boxes  full  &  Cannisters. 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow  Stirling. 

Brigadier  Field  Officers  Col.  Ogden  &  Major 

Forrest  of  the  3rd  Maryland  Regt,  Brigade  Major 

Barber,  for  Pickett  Lyon. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  183 

Head  Qurtrs  Pennysakers   Sepr  28th   1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Scott,  Lt.  Col.  Nelson, 
Majr  Morris,  Brigade  Major  Peears; — 

The  Commander  in  Chief  has  the  happiness  to  Congratulate 
the  Army  on  the  Success  of  the  American  Arms  to  the  North- 
ward, on  the  19th  Inst  an  engagement  took  place  between  Genl 
Burgoins  Army  and  the  Left  wing  of  ours  under  Genl  Gates, 
the  Battle  began  at  1  OClock,  &  lasted  till  night  our  troops 
fighting  with  the  greatest  Bravery  not  giving  an  Inch  of 
Ground,  ours  is  about  80  killed  &  200  Wounded,  the  Enemy 
is  Judged  to  be  about  1000  killed  wounded  &  taken  prisoners; 
both  prisoners  &  Deserters  declare  that  Genl  Burgoine  which 
Commanded  in  person  was  wounded  in  the  left  Shoulder.  The 
62  Regt  was  Cut  to  pieces  &  that  the  enemy  Suffred  ex- 
treamly  in  every  Quarter  where  they  were  engaged,  Such  was 
the  order  of  our  troops  that  wounded  men  after  being  drest 
renew'd  the  Action,  the  Commander  in  Cheif  has  further 
occation  to  Congratulate  the  troops,  on  the  Success  of  A  De- 
tachment from  the  North  army  under  Col.  Brown,  who 
attacked  &  Carried  Several  of  the  enemies  posts,  &  had  got 
possession  of  the  old  French  lines  at  Ticonderoga,  Col.  Brown 
in  those  Several  attacks  has  taken  293  of  the  enemy  prisoners 
with  their  arms,  Retaken  more  than  100  of  our  men  &  taken 
150  Batteaus  below  the  falls,  Including  17  boats  &  arm'd 
Sloops  Besides  Cannon,  Amunition  &c. 

To  Celebrate  this  Success  the  Genl  orders  that  at  4  OClock 
this  afternoon,  all  the  troops  to  be  paraded  and  Serv'd  with 
one  Gill  of  Rum  a  man  and  that  at  the  Same  time  there  be 
Discharged  13  pieces  of  Artillery  from  the  park;  All  Spare 
Amunition  in  those  Divisions  that  have  not  Close  Spare  Wag- 
gons to  Secure  it  in,  it  is  to  be  return'd  to  the  park  of  Artil- 
lery. 


1 84  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Monday  29th  Sepr.  Struck  tents  at  10  OClock  this  morn- 
ing &  march'd  5  miles  on  the  Skippack  Road  towards  Philada 
and  encamp'd  on  the  Right  Side  of  the  Road  in  the  woods 
within  20  yds  of  our  Alarm  post,  Worcester  Township  Philada 

County. 

Sepr  29th  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

The  Commanding  Officers  of  Companies  are  desired  pertic- 
ularly  to  examine  the  arms  of  their  Respective  Companies  & 
See  they  are  in  proper  order,  that  an  officer  of  each  Comp'y 
attend  the  Dividing  of  provisions  for  their  men,  that  A  Per- 
ticular  return  be  made  out  of  the  names  of  each  man  as  is  pres- 
ent, &  also  those  that  are  absent  &  upon  what  Duty  by  the 
Commanding  officers  of  Companies. 


Head  Quarters  29th  Sepr  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  General  for  tomorrow Green. 

Brigadier Conway. 

Field    Officers   Col.    Cook,    Lt.    Col.    Estcort,    Brigade 

Majr  Day. 
Officer    for    Picqett    the    major    of    the    3d    Maryland 
Regt. 
John  White  Esqr  is  appointed  a  volunteer  Aid   De  Camp 
to  Major  Genl  Sullivan,  Lt.  Col.  Hendricks  is  appointed  to 
the  Rank  of  Col.  of  the  first  Virginia  Regt  in  the  Room  of 
Col.    Read    Deceas'd,    Major   Jennings   of   the    13th   Virginia 
Regt  to  be  Lt.  Col.  of  the  6th  in  the  Room  of  Lt.  Col.  Hen- 
dricks, Promoted  Captn  Alexr  Campbell  of  the  8th  to  be  Major 
of  the  13th. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  185 

The  Brigadiers  or  Officers  commanding  Brigades,  are  to 
parade  their  Respective  Brigades  at  8  OClock  to  morrow 
morning  &  under  their  own  Eyes,  have  exact  returns  made  of 
the  Officers  &  men  present  on  the  Ground,  which  return  they 
are  immedietly  afterwards  to  transmit  to  the  Adjt  Genl;  Such 
of  their  Officers  as  are  absent,  and  not  on  duty  or  Sick  they  are 
as  Speedily  as  possible  to  order  to  Join  their  Corps,  and  if  any 
Such  officers  are  taken  by  the  Enemy  they  will  not  be  ex- 
changed. 

3  Parties  of  150  Men  each  are  to  parade  at  Sun  rise  at  the 
Park  of  Artillery  with  one  Days  Provision  Cook'd,  not  to 
have  their  Packs.  Major  Joyce  Suris'd  &  Major  Howell  are 
to  Command  these  parties. 


Head  Qrs  at  Skippack  30th  Sepr  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  to  morrow Lord  Sterling. 

Brigadier    Forman. 

Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Syms,  Major  Bloomfield,  Brig- 
ade Major  Johnston. 

Field  officer  for  Picquett  Lt.  Col.  Ervin. 
A  Flag  will  go  to  the  Enemys  lines  to  morrow  morning,  all 
persons  who  have  anything  to  Send  in,  are  to  have  them  Ready 
at  Head  Qrs  by  7  OClock  in  the  morning;  one  Surjeons  mate 
from  each  Division  who  can  best  be  Spared  is  to  go  to  Bethle- 
hem forthwith  and  to  bring  down  to  the  army  the  Medecine 
Chests  of  their  Respective  Divisions,  150  men  from  Genl  Sul- 
livans,  Greens,  Sterlings,  &  Stevens  Divisions  each  Brigade  is 
to  be  Selected  this  day,  and  a  like  proportion  from  the  other 
Brigades,  these  men  are  always  to  Carry'  their  Axes  with  them 
&  to  march  with  the  Picquett  when  the  army  moves,  to  prepare 


186  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

timber  &  Repair  the  Roads;  When  Arrived  at  the  New  en- 
campment, they  are  to  cut  fire  wood  for  their  Respective  Brig- 
ades, the  Brigade  QRMaster  are  Constantly  to  go  with  their 
men  &  Direct  them  in  the  Buisness  above  mentioned,  for  these 
Services  they  are  to  be  excused  from  all  guards  &  other  ordi- 
nary Duty ;  but  when  an  Action  is  expected  they  are  to  Deliver 
their  Axes  to  their  Brigade  QRMaster  who  are  to  be  Account- 
able for  the  Axes  of  their  Brigades,  &  Join  their  Several  Corps, 
A  list  of  their  names  to  be  given  without  Delay  to  the  Brigade 
QRMaster  by  the  Respective  Brigade  Majors. 
Detail  for  Axmen 

Ser         Privates 
Smallwoods  I  14 

Deborres  1  14 


Head  Qrts  1st  Octbr  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  General  for  tomorrow Stephens. 

Brigadier    Nash. 

Field  Officer  Col.  Dayton,  Majr  Smith  5th  M.  Regt. 
Do.  for  Picquett  Major  Copper;    Brigade  Major  Wil- 
liams. 
The  Commander  in  Cheif  approves  the  following  Sentences 
of  A  General  Court  Martial  held  the  28th  of  Sepr  whereof 
Col.    James   Wood    was    President,    Lt.    Robt   Gray    of    Col. 
Hazens  Regt  Charg'd  with  repeated   Disobedience  of  orders; 
Acquitted. 

Adjutant  Kincaid  Acting  Brigade  Major  to  Genl  Scott 
Charg'd  with  not  bringing  his  Picquett  on  the  Grand  parade 
in  proper  time;  Acquitted. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  187 

Detail  as  order'd  yesterday;  where  A  Field  Officer  is  named 
for  Duty,  when  he  is  Sick  or  absent  the  Brigade  Major  to 
which  he  belongs  is  to  warn  another  in  his  Stead. 

And  Report  his  name  to  the  Adjt.  Genl  when  an  A.  D.  C 
are  from  Camp  with  their  Major  Genl  the  Brigade  Major  is 
to  be  notified  thereof  and  are  Directed  to  attend  at  Head  QRs 
for  orders  at  orderly  time,  the  Brigade  QRMasters  are  to  apply 
to  the  QRM.  Genl  for  their  Quoto  of  Axes  for  the  purpose 
mentioned  in  yesterdays  orders,  no  more  fences  to  be  burnt  on 
any  pretence,  if  unavoidable  necessaty  compels  us  to  it,  leave 
must  be  first  obtain'd  from  the  Commander  in  Chief  The  Pay- 
masters of  Regts  &  Corps  are  to  bring  in  their  pay  Rolls  for 
the  month  of  August  properly  examined  &  Certified  that  War- 
rents  may  be  given  for  payment. 

After  Orders 

The  whole  Army  are  to  Strike  their  tents  tomorrow  morn- 
ing at  8  OClock  and  get  Ready  to  march,  at  9.  The  march  to 
begin ;  Genl  Sullivans  Division  Leading,  followed  by  lincolns, 
McDougalls,  &  Greens,  these  four  the  first  line,  then  the  Park 
of  Artillery,  then  the  2nd  line  in  this  order — Sterlings,  Nash's 
Stephens,  Genl  Sullivans  to  beat  A  march  as  A  Sign  all  for 
marching,  the  beat  to  be  Continued  By  the  others  Successfully, 
the  whole  are  to  encamp  on  the  new  ground,  in  the  Same  order, 
Genl  Armstrong  is  at  the  Same  time  to  move  by  the  Shortest 
Rout  to  the  Right  of  the  first  line,  and  Genls  Smallwood  & 
Forman  to  the  left  of  it,  on  the  ground,  the  QRMGenl  will 
appoint  the  Waggons  to  go  in  the  rear  of  the  Army,  in  the 
order  of  the  Brigades  to  which  they  Belong,  all  the  Tent 
Waggons  first,  Regimental  QRMasters  are  to  See  that  Vaults 
be  dug  immedietly  upon  the  Army's  arrival  on  the  new 
Ground,   and   any   Soldier   found   easing   himself   elsewhere   is 


1 88  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

instantly  to  be  made  Prisoner  &  punished  by  A  Regimental 
Court  martial.  The  Brigade  QRMasters  are  without  fail  to 
See  all  ofal  Buried  every  morning  &  are  to  apply  to  their 
Brigades  for  men  for  that  purpose,  Brigade  or  Regimental 
QRMast.  failing  in  the  duty  here  required  of  them  are  forth- 
with to  be  arrested. 

Some  person  from  each  distinct  body  or  brigade  (of  militia) 
is  to  attend  dailey  at  Head  Quarters  for  orders  at  noon  Each 
Brigade  QRMaster  is  to  make  an  immediet  Return  of  the 
number  of  Brigade  Waggons  in  his  Brigade  to  the  QRMGenl. 

An  Officer  from  each  Brigade  is  to  remain  till  the  troops 
have  march'd  &  then  to  make  Search  for,  &  bring  on  all 
Stragglers. 

October  2nd.  Struck  tents  at  8  OClock  this  morning  And 
March'd  at  9  about  3  miles  on  the  Same  Road  And  Encamp'd 
in  an  old  Field  on  the  Right  hand  of  Said  Road,  &  20  Miles 
from  Philadelphia. 


Head  Qrs  Octbr  3rd  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Green. 

Brigadier Weeden. 

Field  Officers,  Col.  David  Hall,  Lt.  Col.  Green,  Brig- 
ade Major  Cox,  for  Picquett  Major  Morrill. 
The  Commander  Cheif  approves  of  the  Following  Sentences 
of   A   Genl    Court   martial   whereof   Col.    James   Wood   was 
President. 

Nicholas  Francis  charg'd  with  Deserting  from  Col.  Hazens 
Regt  &  Reinlisting,  found  guilty  &  Sentenc'd  to  Receive  IOO 
Lashes,  the  above  Court  is  Disolv'd.     A  Genl  Court  Martial  is 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  189 

to  Sit  immedietly  at  A  tent  near  the  Artillery  Park,  Col.  Josia 
Parker  to  Preside;  Lewis  Fleury  is  appointed  Brigade  Major 
to  Brigadier  Count  Poleskie  of  the  Light  Dragoons,  Thomas 
Mullen  Esqr.  is  appointed  to  act  as  A  Brigade  Major  to  Genl 
Conway  till  further  orders,  they  are  to  be  Respected  as  Such; 
the  Distribution  of  tin  Cannisters  to  be  made  as  perticularly 
Directed  this  morning,  the  Commanding  Officers  of  Regts  are 
themselves  to  See  that  they  are  put  into  the  hands  of  proper 
men  &  fill'd  with  Catridges  carefully  Stowed  in  them.  The 
Engineers  are  to  make  Despach  in  throwing  up  Works  in  the 
front  of  the  encampment.  The  Genl  has  the  Satisfaction  to 
inform  the  Army  that  the  Continental  Frigate  the  Randolph 
fell  in  with  a  fleet  of  5  of  the  enemys  Ships  &  took  4  of  them, 
one  mounting  20  Guns,  &  the  others  8  all  Richly  Laded  to  the 
Southward.  At  the  Northward  every  thing  wears  the  most 
favourable  Aspect,  every  enterprise  has  been  successfull,  &  in  A 
Capital  Action  the  left  wing  only  of  Genl  Gates's  army  main- 
tain'd  its  Ground  against  the  main  body  of  the  enemy  Com- 
manded by  Genl  Burgoine  in  person,  our  troops  behaving  with 
the  utmost  spirit  &  bravery  during  the  whole  engagement  which 
lasted  from  one  OClock  till  dark,  in  Short  every  Circumstance 
promises  Success  in  that  Quarter  equal  to  our  most  Sanguine 
wishes,  this  Surely  must  animate  every  man  under  the  Genls  im- 
mediate Command ;  This  army  the  main  American  Army,  will 
not  suffer  itself  to  be  out  done  by  their  Nothern  Brethern,  they 
will  never  Such  Disgrace,  but  with  ambition  becoming  freemen, 
contending  in  A  most  Rightous  Cause  rival  the  Heroic  Spirit 
which  Swell  their  Bosoms,  &  which  so  nobly  exerted  has  pro- 
cur'd  them  Deathless  Renown.  Covet  my  Countrymen  and 
fellow  Soldiers  Covet  a  Share  of  the  glory  due  to  Heroick 
deeds,  let  it  never  be  Said  in  the  day  of  action  you  turn'd  your 
backs  upon  the  foe,  let  the  enemy  no  longer  triumph,  they  brand 


i9o  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

you  with  ignominious  epithets,  will  you  patiently  enduer  that 
Reproach,  will  you  Suffer  the  Wounds  given  your  Country  to 
go  unrevenged,  will  you  Resign  your  Parents,  Wives,  Children, 
&  Friends,  to  be  the  wretched  Vassals  of  A  proud  insulting  Foe, 
&  your  own  necks  to  the  Halter,  Genl  Howe  promised  protec- 
tion to  Such  as  Submitted  to  his  power,  &  A  few  Dastard  Souls 
Accepted  the  Disgracefull  boon,  but  his  promises  were  Deceit- 
full,  the  Submitting  &  Resisting  had  their  property  Alike  plun- 
der'd  &  destroy'd,  but  even  these  empty  promises  of  Protection 
have  now  come  to  an  end,  A  term  of  mercy  is  expired,  Genl 
Howes  has  within  A  few  days  proclaimed  all  who  had  not  then 
Submitted  to  be  beyond  the  reach  of  it,  &  left  us  no  Choice  but 
Conquest  or  Death,  nothing  then  Reamins  but  nobly  to  con- 
tend for  all  that  is  dear  to  us,  every  motive  that  can  touch  the 
Humane  heart,  Call  us  to  the  most  Vigourous  exertions,  our 
dearest  Rights,  our  Dearest  friends,  our  own  lives,  Honour, 
Glory,  &  even  Shame  urge  us  to  Fight,  &  my  Soldiers  when  an 
oppertunity  presents  itself  be  firm,  behave,  &  Victory  is  Yours. 
The  Cols  are  to  See  every  Regt  Draw  up  this  Afternoon  & 
these  orders  Distinctly  Read  to  them,  Every  Officer  who  Com- 
mands Troop  or  Company  in  the  Several  Corps  must  imme- 
dietly  make  out  his  muster  Rolls  to  the  first  of  Octbr  that  the 
whole  army  may  be  muster'd  with  the  greatest  expedition, 
Such  Officers  as  have  heretofore  neglected  A  due  attention  to 
making  Regular  Returns,  Will  be  answerable  for  future  Neg- 
lects. 

Friday  30  Octbr  march'd  about  7  OClock  in  the  evening 
down  to  the  Enemys  Lines  at  Germain  town  being  about  13 
miles,  attacked  their  Picquett  Saturday  morning  between  day 
&  Sun  Rise,  drove  them  in  uppon  which  A  Genl  engagement 
ensued  on  our  Right  Wing,    We  Caused  their  Left  Wing  to 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  191 

Retreat  3  miles  through  their  own  Encampments,  but  upon 
their  Receiving  A  Strong  Reinforcement  &  our  Amunition  be- 
ing almost  Spent,  &  not  being  Supported  Sufficiently  by  the 
Reserve,  were  oblig'd  to  Retreat  and  Return  to  our  encamp- 
ment being  13  miles,  Sunday  5th  Octbr  march'd  &  Cross'd 
Perkaoming  Creek  and  encamp'd  about  a  mile  from  Said  Creek 
being  in  all  about  9  miles. 


Head  Qrs  Skippack  Octbr  5th  1777 

Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Stephens. 

Brigadier    Mulenhurg. 

Col.  Clark,  Lt.  Col.  Conner,  Brigade  Majr  Poors,  for 
Picket  M  Mullen. 

The  Officers  Commanding  Regts  are  to  make  Returns  of  the 
number  of  Catridges  wanting  to  compleat  their  men  with 
forty  Rounds  each,  &  draw  Materials  for  making  them  from 
the  park  of  Artillery  to  morrow  morning,  one  attentive  Officer 
from  each  Regt  is  to  Superintended  &  be  present  at  the  making 
of  them  &  See  that  they  are  well  made,  &  the  materials  not 
Wasted,  the  Arms  are  to  be  put  in  good  order,  Such  as  are 
Charged  &  Cannot  be  Drawn  are  to  be  Discharged  at  Noon; 
tomorrow  under  the  Directions  of  their  Officers,  each  Regt  is 
to  Draw  12  Rounds  pr  man  Ready  made  at  the  park  of  artil- 
lery besides  the  Above  materials,  Small  parties  of  Horse  are 
tomorrow  morning  to  be  Sent  up  the  Different  Roads  above 
the  present  encampment  of  the  Army,  as  far  as  ten  miles  in 
order  to  Stop  all  Soldiers  &  turn  them  back  to  the  Army,  ex- 
cept the  two  parties  under  the  Command  of  Craig  and  Lee. 


i92  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Returns  as  Soon  as  possible  to  be  made  of  the  Killed 
Wounded  &  missing,  in  the  Action  of  yesterday,  and  Deliver'd 
to  the  Commander  in  Chief  at  4  OClock  to  morrow  in  the 
Afternoon,  the  Brigade  Majors  will  be  punctual  to  this  matter, 
&  where  there  is  no  Brigd.  Majrs  the  Brigadiers  or  Officers 
Commanding  Brigades  are  to  appoint  persons  to  do  their  Duty ; 
One  Set  of  Collumns  are  to  Shew  the  Killed,  of  the  Differrent 
Ranks,  &  Second  the  wounded,  &  third  the  missing. 

The  Commander  in  Chief  returns  his  thanks  to  the  Genls 
And  other  Officers  and  men,  concern'd  yesterday  in  the  attack 
on  the  Enemys  left  Wing,  for  the  Spirit  and  Bravery  they 
manifested  in  Driving  the  enemy  from  Field  to  Field,  &  Al- 
though an  unfortunate  fogg  Join'd  with  the  Smoke,  prevented 
the  Differrent  Brigades  firing  &  Supporting  each  other,  or  Some- 
times Distinguishing  themselves  from  the  Enemy,  &  from  other 
Causes  which  as  yet  cannot  be  accounted  for  well,  they  finally 
Retreated,  they  Nevertheless  See  that  the  Enemy  are  not  proof 
against  A  Vigorous  Attack,  &  may  be  put  to  flight  when  boldly 
push'd  this  they  will  Remember  &  assure  themselves  that  on 
the  next  Occation  by  A  proper  exertion  of  the  power  which 
God  has  given  them,  &  inspired  by  the  Cause  of  Freedom  in 
which  we  are  engaged  they  will  be  Victorious. 

The  Commander  in  Chief  not  Seeing  the  engagement  with 
the  Enemys  Right  Wing,  Desires  the  Genl  Officers  who  Com- 
manded them  to  thank  those  Officers  &  men,  who  behav'd  with 
becoming  Bravery,  and  Such  in  either  wing  who  behav'd  other- 
wise are  to  be  Reported.  Details  for  Picquetts  as  last  Settled 
they  are  to  parade  at  1 1  OClock  in  the  forenoon,  and  after- 
wards at  8  OClock  as  Usual. 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  193 

Octbr  6th  1777 
Division  Orders 

With  the  Highest  of  gratitude  and  esteem  the  General  Re- 
turns his  Cordial  thanks  to  the  Officers  &  Soldiers  of  his 
Division  who  were  engag'd  against  the  British  troops  on  the 
4th  Inst  their  gallant  Beheaviour  has  endear'd  to  him  every 
Officer  &  Soldier  who  acted  A  part  in  that  engagement,  &  has 
given  him  the  Highest  Confidence  in  them,  he  Sincerely 
Laments  that  the  other  part  of  the  Army  did  not  Seasonably 
Advance  to  Support  them  which  prevented  the  Victory  from 
being  Compleat,  &  was  the  means  of  many  A  brave  mans  fall- 
ing during  the  Action,  rendred  it  of  So  much  longer  Duration, 
by  this  Defeat  the  Genl  Congratulates  the  Officers  and  Soldiers 
on  the  Experience  they  have  gained,  that  British  Troops  must 
give  way  to  the  American  Valour,  &  that  the  Officers  &  others 
of  the  Army  must  allow,  that  the  Officers  &  Soldiers  of  the 
first  Division  have  a  Claim  to  for  the  greatest  Share  of  the 
honour  of  Demonstrating  this  to  the  world. 

The  Genl  Desires  that  the  Greatest  attention  be  paid  to  the 
wounded  Officers  &  Soldiers,  and  that  were  anything  is  wanting 
for  the  Comfort  of  either  he  will  exert  himself  to  procure  it  for 
them,  he  Desires  the  Surjeons  to  inform  him  from  time  to  time 
what  necessaries  they  may  Require,  that  they  may  be  Season- 
ably provided,  Should  any  of  the  Officers  unfortunately  die  of 
their  wounds,  he  desires  to  have  instant  notice  of  it  that  those 
Military  honours  may  be  paid  to  them  which  their  bravery 
Justly  merits;  The  Commanding  Officers  of  Regts  are  desired 
to  point  out  Such  Officers  &  non  Commissioned  Officers,  and 
Soldiers  as  perticularly  Distinguished  themselves  in  the  late 
Action  that  proper  notice  may  be  taken  of  them,  they  are  also 
to  Report  such  as  behav'd  111  if  any  Such  there  were. 


194 


THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 


A  Return  of  the  kill'd  wounded  &  missing  of  the  Delaware 
Regt  in  the  Action  of  Germaintown  Octbr  4th  1777. 


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Lt.  Purvis 


Wounded 


Head  Qrs  Pertioming  Octbr  7th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Green 

Brigadier   Smallwood 

Field  Officers  Col.  Williams,  Lt.  Col.  Buttler,  Major 

Vaughen. 
Brigade  Major  Piatt,  Field  Officer  for  Picquett  Majr 
Nicholas. 

The  State  Regt  from  Virginia  is  to  Supply  the  place  of  the 
9th  Regt  in  Mulenburg's  Brigade;  &  do  Duty  there  untill  fur- 
ther orders,  Jno.  Fanden  of  Col.  Hartleys  found  Guilty  of  the 
Charge  of  Desertion  and  Sentenc'd  by  death  is  to  be  executed 
tomorrow  at  12  OClock  The  Situation  of  the  Army  frequently 
not  admitting  of  the  Regular  performance  of  Divine  Service  on 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  195 

Sundays,  the  Chaplains  of  the  Army  are  forthwith  to  meet  to- 
gether &  agree  on  Some  Method  of  performing  it  at  other 
times,  which  method  they  will  make  known  to  the  Commander 
in  Chief. 

Divers  Swords  and  other  things  have  been  Stolen  from 
Officers  by  Some  Soldiers;  Officers  are  Requested  to  take  notice 
of  Such  things  if  they  See  any  in  the  possession  of  their  men  & 
have  them  taken  care  of  and  Advertis'd.  The  Paymaster  Genl 
is  at  Genl  Conways  Qrs  at  Metivyleers  Mils,  where  he  will 
attend  the  Buisness  of  his  Department. 


Wednesday  8th  Octbr  Struck  tents  and  march'd  on  the 
North  Wales  Road  and  encamp'd  on  a  hill  in  Pownaoming 
Township  Philada  County  being  8  Miles. 


Head  Qrs  Octbr  8th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Sterling 

Brigadier    McDougall 

Field  Officers  Col.  Dicky,  Lt.  Col.  Lindsey,  Brigade 
Major  Nichols,  Field  Officer  for  Picquett  Polk. 
The  Brigade  Majors  are  to  morrow  to  make  Returns  of  the 
Arms  &  Accoutriments  wanting  to  their  Several  Regts  of  their 
Brigades  in  order  to  have  them  Compleated  without  Delay, 
they  are  also  to  make  Returns  of  the  number  of  Tin  Cannis- 
ters  they  have  in  their  Brigades. 

The  Battallion  of  Militia  from  Virginia  Commanded  by 
Major  Pickett  is  to  be  attach'd  and  do  Duty  with  Genl  Wood- 
fords  Brigade,  the  mens  pouches  are  to  be  well  greased  at  least 
once  A   Week   perticularly   that   part   which   covers   the   Cat- 


196  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

ridges,  the  better  to  preserve  them  from  Rain,  the  Commanding 
Officers  of  Corps  to  attend  to  this  matter,  they  are  also  to 
Select  the  most  Suitable  of  their  men  &  Set  them  to  making 
morkesons  immedietly  for  their  Corps,  the  Commissaries  are  to 
order  the  Skins  of  the  Heads  &  legs  of  Bullocks  to  be  saved  for 
that  use,  So  far  as  they  will  go,  the  Commissaries  are  to  issue 
Rawhides  for  this  purpose  on  orders  from  Commanders  of 
Corps. 

John  Findans  of  Col.  Hartleys  Regt  Sentenc'd  to  Suffer 
death  for  the  Crime  of  Desertion  to  the  Enemy,  &  was  to  have 
been  executed  this  day  at  12  OClock,  but  is  to  be  executed  to- 
morrow at  the  above  mentioned  time ;  A  Detachment  of  60  men 
from  each  Brigade  is  to  parade  to  See  the  execution. 


Octbr  9th   1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Genl  Cannot  help  expressing  his  Satisfaction  on  observ- 
ing the  regular  &  Soldierly  desposition  in  which  his  division 
march'd  Yesterday,  he  was  pleas'd  to  hear  the  Genl  Officers 
mention  it  Repeatedly  in  the  Course  of  the  day,  this  must 
reflect  great  honour  to  the  Commanding  Officers  of  Corps  & 
Divisions,  and  upon  the  Soldiers  and  as  his  Division  have  Dis- 
tinguished themselves  by  clear  bravery  he  wishes  in  Discipline 
&  order  to  outshine  the  other  Divisions  of  the  Army,  every- 
thing that  may  Contribute  on  his  part  to  bring  about  the  de- 
sireable  end, 

Shall  be  attended  to: —  The  Genl  orders  that  no  Ruff  of 
A  Drum  or  any  Compliment  or  Salute  be  paid  on  a  march  to 
any  Officer  whatsoever  &  that  the  Compliments  of  Resting 
firelocks  by  the  Pickett  guard  or  Sentry  from  Picquetts  be 
never  paid  to  any  Officer,  the  Sentries  are  to  Stand  Shoulder'd 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  197 

when  Genl  Officers  or  Field  Officers  of  the  Day  pass  by,  & 
face  the  way  they  expect  the  enemy  without  turning  the  head 
or  Looking  towards  the  Visiting  Officer,  the  Guard  are  to 
turn  out  &  Stand  well  Shoulder'd  facing  toward  the  enemy 
the  Soldiers  not  to  turn  their  heads  or  to  take  any  notice  of 
the  Visiting  Officer,  this  to  be  Observed  as  A  Rule  except; 
when  the  Grand  Rounds  visit  by  night  who  are  to  be  received 
as  Usual  The  Division  Commissary  immedietly  to  Supply 
himself  with  rum  &  deal  one  gill  Pr  day  to  each  man  till  fur- 
ther orders.  Richard  Emeroy  Esqr.  is  appointed  to  act  as 
Brigade  Major  to  Col.  Richardson,  Col.  Commandant  till 
further  Orders. 


Octbr  9th   1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major   Genl    for   tomorrow Stephen. 

Brigadier    Wayne. 

Field    Officers    Col.    Swift,    Major    Mentzies,    Brigade 

Major  Williams, 
Field  Officer  for  Picquett  Major  Force. 

The  Genl  Court  Martial  whereof  Col.  Broadhead  is  Presi- 
dent is  to  Sit  tomorrow  at  8  OClock  the  members  to  attend 
precisely  at  that  time,  at  A  horsemans  tent  by  the  park  of 
Artillery.  By  Genl  orders  of  Sepr  13th  the  destribution  of 
tents  was  directed  1  Soldiers  tent  for  the  Field  Officers  of 
Regts  I  Do  for  every  4  Commissiond  I  Do  for  8  non  Com- 
missioned officers,   1   Do  for  8  Privates. 

The  Commanding  Officers  of  Regts  are  instantly  to  examine 
into  the  number  of  tents,  and  Cause  all  above  the  allowance, 
to  be  Collected  &  given  in  to  the  Brigade  QRMaster,  in  the 
first  place  to  Supply  those  Corps  in  their  Brigades  which  are 


i98  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Short  of  that  Allowance,  &  the  Residue  to  be  Deliver'd  to  the 
QRM.  Genl  to  Supply  the  Militia  &  Such  Corps  as  are  Des- 
titute, the  Commander  in  Chief  expects  the  Genl  Officers  & 
those  Commanding  Brigades  will  See  this  order  carried  in  exe- 
cution Immedietly;  Brigadier  Genl  Nash  will  be  interr'd  this 
forenoon  at  10  OClock  with  military  honours,  at  the  place 
where  the  Roads  forks,  where  the  Troops  march'd  in  yester- 
day, all  Officers  whose  Circumstances  admit  of  it  will  attend 
and  pay  their  last  Respects  to  A  Brave  man  who  died  in  De- 
fence of  his  Country  The  execution  of  John  Faindon  is  to 
be  postponed  till  tomorrow  noon; —  The  Genl  Officers  are 
without  Dailey  to  have  the  Rolls  of  Officers  Call'd  &  Such  as 
are  absent,  and  not  Sick  or  wounded  or  on  Command  are  to 
be  ordred  preemtorily  to  Join  their  Corps  &  those  that  are 
absent  without  leave  are  to  be  immedietly  reported  to  the  Com- 
mander in  Chief,  they  are  also  to  Report  the  number  of 
Blankets,  &  Shoes,  &  other  Necessaries  to  Compleat  one  Suit 
for  each  man.  True  Field  Returns  are  to  be  made  of  the 
Troops  under  the  immediet  inspection  of  the  Genl  Officers, 
for  this  Purpose  the  Several  Corps  are  to  be  muster'd  &  the 
Rolls  Call'd  if  the  weather  permits,  that  the  Returns  may  be 
made  tomorrow  at  noon,  Sign'd  by  the  Major  Genls  or  Offi- 
cers Commanding  Divisions,  the  Brigadiers  or  Officers  Com- 
manding Brigades  are  Immedietly  to  report  the  number  of 
those  Retain'd,  missing  after  the  Action  of  the  4  Inst  who 
have  Join'd  their  Brigades  Since  the  Returns  of  the  Kill'd  &c. 
&  those  Returns  will  continue  to  be  made  dailey  to  the  Com- 
mander in  Chief. 

If  Col.  Crawford  is  in  Camp  he  is  desir'd  to  Call'd  at  Head 
Quarters  as  soon  as  possible. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  199 

Head  Qrs  Towaininsing  Octbr  10th   1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Sullivan. 

Brigadier    Scott. 

Field  Officers  Col.  Marshall,  Major  Hay  Brigade  Majr 

Cox. 
Field  Officer  for  Picquett  Majr  Francis  Murry. 

The  Chaplains  of  the  Army  are  to  meet  together  at  the  rear 
of  the  park  of  Artillery  at  12  OClock  to  morrow  for  the  pur- 
pose mentioned  in  the  order  of  the  7th  inst,  the  Paymaster 
Genl  will  attend  the  Buisness  of  his  Department  at  Genl 
Weedens  Qrs  in  Genl  Greens  Division  at  Mr.  Tunnells 
House. 

A  Court  of  Inquiry  to  Consist  of  4  members  Majr  Genl 
Lord  Sterling  President  to  Sit  to  day  at  12  OClock  at  the 
Presidents  Qrs  and  examine  into  the  Conduct  of  Major  Genl 
Sullivan,  in  the  expedition  Commanded  by  him  to  Staten  Island 
in  the  month  of  August  last,  Major  Taylor  &  others  who  can 
give  Information  of  the  matter  are  to  attend,  but  if  the  Court 
See  Cause  to  postpone  the  examination  for  want  of  evidence, 
after  Major  Taylor  has  urg'd  what  he  has  to  Say  on  that  mat- 
ter they  are  to  do  it  accordingly; — 

Genl  MDougal,  Genl  Knox,  Col.  Spencer,  Col.  Clark  Mem- 
bers. 

The  Genl  being  informed  that  much  provision  is  wasted,  by 
the  Irregular  manner  in  which  it  is  Drawn,  &  Cook'd  does  in 
earnest  terms  exhort  the  officers  Commanding  Corps  to  look 
into  &  prevent  Abuse  of  this  kind ;  and  in  verry  express  terms 
also  desires  that  their  men  have  provisions  by  them  ready  on 
any  emergency  &  moreover  that  they  will  be  perticularly  atten- 
tive  to   the   execution   of   orders   both   the   times   &   meaning, 


200  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

ardently  wishing  that  the  necessaty  &  Rigid  compliance  with 
them  may  be  deeply  impressed  on  the  minds  of  the  officers  who 
ought  to  Consider  how  impracticable  it  is  to  carry  many  mili- 
tary opperations  without  it,  it  is  not  for  every  officer  to  know 
the  principal  on  which  every  order  is  issued,  and  to  Judge  how 
far  they  may  or  may  not  be  dispenced  with  or  Suspended,  but 
their  duty  to  carry  them  into  execution  with  the  utmost  punc- 
tuality &  exactness,  they  are  to  Consider  that  military  move- 
ments are  like  the  working  of  a  Clock,  &  will  go  equally  Reg- 
ular &  easy  if  every  officer  does  his  duty,  but  without  it,  will 
be  as  easily  disordred,  because  neglect  in  any  one  part  (like  the 
Stopping  of  A  Wheel)  disorders  the  whole  frame,  the  Genl 
expects  therefore  that  every  officer  will  duely  Consider  the 
importance  of  this  observation,  their  own  Reputation  &  the 
duty  they  owe  their  Country;  Claims  it  of  them,  he  earnestly 
Calls  upon  them  to  Act;  The  Genl  Directs  that  the  arms 
may  be  put  in  the  best  order  without  loss  of  time,  Amunition 
Compleat  and  everything  in  Readiness  against  a  Sudden  Call, 
if  Such  Should  be  made,  those  wanting  arms  to  be  Supplied 
immedietly  be  order  from  the  Adjt  Genl,  an  Account  is  to  be 
Rendred  at  the  foot  of  the  Return  how  the  Difficiencies  arrises 
&  promotions  in  Consequence  of  the  Late  Deaths  will  now 
take  place. 

As  A  reward  to  the  merit  of  Deserving  Officers,  the  Provi- 
sion in  which  they  are  to  be  made  agreeable  to  Genl  officers 
of  the  Regts  they  belong  to;  Officers  wTho  are  under  any  im- 
putation are  to  be  noted  for  it,  as  the  Genl  is  determined  to 
Discriminate,  Return  the  good  &  bad,  this  order  is  Confin'd 
to  Promotion,  no  new  appointments  wTill  take  place  at  this  time 
in  the  weak  State  of  the  Regts. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  201 

After  Orders 

Returns  are  to  be  brought  in  to  morrow  noon  of  the  number 
of  Rounds  of  Catridges  pr  man  with  which  each  man  is  fur- 
nished in  the  Different  Brigades. 


Octbr  nth  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow Green. 

Brigadier    Mulenburg. 

Field  officers  Col.  Chambers,  Lt.  Col.  Nelson,  Do  for  pic- 
quett  Majr  Sommers.  The  Court  of  inquiry  of  which  Lord 
Sterling  is  President  now  Sitting  at  the  Presidents  Qrs  is  to 
inquire  into  the  Charge  against  Brigadier  Genl  Wayne,  that 
he  had  himself  notice  of  the  enemies  intention  to  attack  the 
troops  under  his  Command  on  the  night  of  the  20th  Septr  & 
notwithstanding  that  Intilligence  he  neglected  making  dispo- 
sition till  it  was  too  Late  either  to  anoy  the  enemy  or  make  a 
Retreat  without  the  utmost  Confusion,  the  president  will  give 
notice  of  the  time  when  the  Court  can  enter  on  that  buisness, 
when  the  parties  &  Evidences  are  to  attend. 

A  Flag  of  truce  will  go  to  the  enemies  lines  on  Monday 
next  at  9  OClock  in  the  morning,  all  persons  who  have  Letters 
&  other  things  to  Send  in  must  have  them  in  by  that  time. 
Twice  A  Week  the  Officers  of  each  Company  are  Carefully 
to  examine  the  Arms,  Amunition  &  Accoutrements  of  the  men, 
to  See  that  they  are  in  perfect  order,  that  nothing  is  wanting 
in  the  first  inspection,  they  are  to  take  an  exact  acctt  of  every 
article  belonging  to  each  man,  if  any  is  missing  they  are  to 
Report  the  Same  to  the  Officer  Commanding  the  Regt  that 
the  matter  may  be  inquired  into  if  he  Judges  it  proper  by  A 


202  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Regimental  Court  martial,  &  the  Delinquent  punished  if  De- 
serving it,  &  Charg'd  with  the  Articles  lost  &  deducted  from 
his  wages. 

The  Militia  from  Prince  William,  Culpepper,  Louden,  & 
Bartley  in  the  State  of  Virginia  are  to  be  form'd  into  a  Bri- 
gade, and  be  under  the  Command   of  Col.  Crawford. 

The  QRMGenl  &  Commissary  Genl  are  to  appoint  persons 
themselves  to  do  their  duty  of  their  Respective  Departments, 
all  the  Troops  last  come  from  Peckskills  under  the  Command 
of  Genls  MDougall,  Vernon,  &  Huntington;  Malcolms  Regt 
excepted  are  to  be  thrown  into  two  Brigades  as  their  Genl 
Shall  think  best  a  Report  of  which  is  to  be  made  to  the  Com- 
mander in  Cheif  for  his  further  orders,  Col.  Malcolms  Regt 
is  to  Join  Genl  Conways  Brigade;  Twelve  Light  Horse  with 
an  Officer  are  to  mount  Guard  every  day  with  the  Picquett, 
to  be  despos'd  off  at  the  Differrent  Picquetts  for  the  purpose 
of  conveying  any  intilligence  in  Such  manner  as  the  Majr  Genl 
of  the  day  Shall  direct.  The  Commanding  Officers  of  all  those 
Companies  which  were  Rais'd  as  A  part  of  the  16  additional 
Battalions  and  at  differrent  times  annexed  to  other  Regts  to 
make  immediate  Returns  to  the  adjutant  Genl  of  their  Strength 
and  in  what  Regt  they  are  now  doing  duty. — The  Comman- 
der in  Chief  has  the  Pleasure  to  inform  the  Army  that  the 
Congress  have  in  A  Unanimous  Resolve  express'd  their  Satis- 
faction to  the  officers  and  Soldiers  in  the  attack  on  the  enemy 
near  Germaintown  on  the  4th  Inst  for  their  brave  exertions 
on  that  occation ;  &  hopes  that  the  approbation  of  that  Hon- 
ourable Body  will  Stimulate  them  to  Still  greater  Efforts  on 
every  future  Occation. — Capt.  Paul  Parker  of  Col.  Hartleys 
Regt  is  appointed  to  do  duty  of  Brigade  Major  in  Genl 
Waynes  Brigade  untill  further  orders,  &  is  to  be  obey'd  & 
respected  as  Such ; — All  guns  is  absolutely  forbid  firing  with- 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  203 

out  the  leave  of  the  Majr  Genl  of  the  day,  the  instant  a  gun 
is  fired  a  Serjt  and  A  file  of  men,  Shall  be  sent  to  catch  the 
Villain  who  is  thus  waisting  amunition,  &  alarming  the  Camp, 
all  officers  are  Strictly  to  See  this  order  put  in  execution. 


Head  Qrs  Towarinsing  Octbr  12th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow Stephens. 

Brigadier    Smallwood. 

Field  Officers  Col.  Patten,  Lt.  Col.  Mead,  Majr  Lockart 
of  3d  Carolina  Regt  is  promoted  to  the  Rank  of  Lt.  Col.  in 
the  8th  Regt  of  that  State,  in  the  Room  of  Col.  Ingram  who 
has  Resigned,  Capt.  Dixon  of  N.  Carolina  Regt  is  promoted 
to  the  Rank  of  Major  in  the  Room  of  Majr  Lockart. 

The  Commander  in  Chief  approves  of  the  following  Sen- 
tences of  A  Genl  Court  martial,  held  the  3rd  Inst  whereof  Col. 
Josiah  Parker  was  president,  Ens.  Cannon  of  the  4th  Virginia 
Regt  Charg'd  with  accusing  Ens.  Ford  with  Cowardice  also  of 
getting  on  the  morning  &  behaving  in  an  ungentleman  like 
manner,  found  guilty  of  the  Charge  &  Sentenc'd  to  be  dis- 
charg'd  the  Service;  Ens.  Thomas  Shanks  of  the  10  Pensylva 
Regt  Charg'd  with  Stealing  two  pair  of  Shoes  from  Lt.  Adams, 
Regimental  QRMaster  to  the  Said  Regt  found  guilty  of  the 
Charge  exhibited  against  him  &  Sentenc'd  to  be  discharg'd 
from  the  Service. 

Major  Forrest  of  Coll.  Proctors  Regt  of  Artillery  Charg'd 
with  neglect  of  duty,  with  Disobedience  of  Orders  to  the 
Prejudice  of  good  order  &  Millitary  Discipline,  &  with  Break- 
ing his  arrest  found  guilty  of  neglect  of  Duty  &  Disobedience 
of  orders  but  not  guilty  of  Breaking  his  Arrest  it  appears  by 


2o4  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

the  Kvidence,  That  Major  Forrests  conduct  was  highly  Rcpri- 
mandible  because  of  Such  nature  as  tends  to  Subvert  the  Foun- 
dation of  Order  in  an  Army  When  an  Officer  is  ordre'd  to  do 
any  thing  in  A  line  of  his  duty,  he  ought  not  to  Reason  on  the 
Propriety  of  the  measure  but  execute  it  in  the  best  manner  he 
can  remembring  that  any  Implicit  Obediance  constitutes  true 
Discipline  is  Essential  and  Even  to  the  exixtance  of  an  Army 
it  is  the  ardent  wish  of  the  Commander  in  Chief  that  the  duty 
of  the  Camp  may  be  perform'd  with  the  greatest  Exactness 
General  and  Field  Officers  of  the  day  to  attend  the  Parade 
Constantly  at  Guard  mounting  and  see  the  Guard  on  Duty 
March'd  off  and  every  thing  carried  on  with  propriety  & 
Conduct. 

Thence  forward  the  Guards  are  To  mount  at  9  OClock  now 
the  Officers  have  an  Oppertunity  of  Attending  to  the  Desci- 
pline  of  their  Men,  every  day  when  the  weather  permitts  the 
Corps  are  To  be  turned  out  and  practis'd  in  the  most  Essential 
manner  and  Exercise  particularly  in  priming,  loading,  forming, 
Advancing,  retreating,  Breaking,  Rallying,  and  no  pains  are 
To  be  spared  in  Improving  the  Troops  in  these  Points. 

All  parties  and  Witnesses  relative  to  the  Charge  against 
General  Wayne  are  To  attend  the  Court  of  Inquiry  at  Lord 
Sterling's  Qrs  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock. 

The  QrMr  Genl  is  directed  to  procure  paper  immediately 
that  the  Several  Corps  may  be  Furnish'd. 


October  13th  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  General  is  extremely  sorry  to  Inform  the  Officers  of  his 
Division  that  he  was  yesterday  Inform'd  in  the  hearing  of  the 
Commander  in  Chief,  That  the  Officers  of  the  Division  were 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKJVOOD  205 

universilly  dissatisfied  with  being  under  his  Command  and  had 
no  Confidence  in  him  as  an  Officer,  and  that  they  had  declared 
it  publickly  in  many  places  and  at  all  Oppertunities,  This  re- 
port so  to  them  if  False  and  To  him  if  True,  he  wishes  to 
have  cleared  up,  he  therefore  desires  every  Commissioned  to 
give  him  Candidly  Their  Sentiments  Upon  the  matter,  he 
promises  them  that  if  any  Considerable  part  of  the  Officers  are 
Uneasy  under  his  Command  he  shall  take  it  kind  in  them  to 
let  him  know  it  and  he  will  immediately  remove  that  Difficulty 
be  quitting  the  Division  the  Instant  he  finds  them  wish  For  it 
but  if  On  the  Contrary  the  report  has  no  foundation  or  Truth, 
he  expects  and  desires  them  to  take  the  proper  Steps  to  bear  the 
publick  Testimony  Against  it. 

After  Division. 

October  13  th 

The  Commandants  of  Brigades  are  immediately  To  Order 
those  men  that  are  in  Want  of  Cathridges  Boxes  to  be  Sup- 
plied by  those  men  who  have  Ball  Cathridges  boxes  and  Tin 
Canisters  so  that  each  Soldier  may  be  Supplied  with  one  and 
the  Other. 

Immediate  Application  is  to  be  made  To  supply  those  men 
with  Arms  who  are  in  want  no  Excuse  will  be  admitted  as 
plenty  of  Good  Arms  are  Arived  in  Camp  and  are  ready  to  be 
deliver'd  on  an  Application. 

General  Sullivan  requires  that  the  Commandants  will  take 
the  Size  of  the  bores  of  their  Guns  and  return  a  list  thereof 
Immediatly. 


206  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Quarters  October  13th  1777 
General  Orders 

Major  General  For  tomorrow  Sullivan. 

Brigadier    Vernan,    Field    Officer    Colonal    Broadhead. 

Lwt.  Colonal  Green,  for  Picket,  Major  Sterrett. 
Brigade  Major  day. 
The  sending  in  Flaggs  To  the  Enemies  lines  are  Defer'd 
till  to  morrow  at  9  OClock  Those  Battalions  of  Militia  and 
Corps  that  Han't  joined  the  Army  sooner  than  the  3d  Instant 
are  To  attend  to  the  Orders  of  that  day  with  regard  to  make- 
ing  Muster-rolls. 

After  Orders. 

Athough  Orders  have  been  given  to  Compleat  the  Army  with 
40  rounds  of  Cathridges  pr  man  the  General  did  not  intend 
it  shou'd  be  distributed  to  the  men  except  so  fare  as  to  Fill  the 
Cathridge  boxes  until  further  Orders  and  Tin  Canisters  all 
above  that  number  is  to  be  immediatly  collected  and  deposited 
in  a  good  Covered  Waggon  of  the  Brigade  or  Division  no  de- 
lay of  this  matter  is  least  the  Cathridge  be  Spoiled  and  lost. 

The  Companies  raised  by  Captains  shall  living  Theanly  & 
Calderwood  are  to  join  Col.  Malcome's  Regmt  &  Compose 
part  of  it. 

It  is  with  Grief  and  Amazement  that  the  General  Observes 
by  the  late  returns  of  Arms  and  Accoutriments  the  Continental 
Troops  are  not  yet  Supplied  he  immediately  directs  that  they 
may  be  Supplied  with  Musketts  and  if  those  are  any  not  Suffi- 
ciently supplied  with  Cathridge  boxes  that  the  Tin  Canisters 
be  taken  from  them  who  have  Cathridge  boxes  and  distributed 
to  those  who  are  destitute  of  both. 

After  this  the  General  positivly  orders  that  the  Arms  Am- 
munition   and   accoutriments  be   examin'd   once   a   day   by  an 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  207 

Officer  of  each  Company  that  this  may  be  done  he  expects  the 
Commanding  Officers  will  be  particular  to  the  duty  here  En- 
join'd  he  also  Commands  to  the  Genel  Officers  as  a  Matter 
well  worthy  of  their  Care. 

Any  Soldier  after  this  who  shall  loose,  sell  or  dispose  of  their 
Arms,  or  accoutriment  or  Cloathing  shall  be  punish'd  in  a  most 
Examplary  manner  without  the  smallest  mittigation. 

Colonal  Crawford  as  there  are  not  Spare  Cathridges  Boxes 
at  this  time  to  supply  the  Militia  it  is  desired  he  will  use  his 
Utmost  Skill  and  Industry  to  procure  horns  and  pouches  to 
carry  their  Ammunition  in  or  To  adapt  any  other  method  con- 
sulting his  Officers  his  Officers  find  most  expedient  he  is  to 
appoint  some  person  acquainted  with  the  duty  of  Brigade 
Major  who  will  be  allowed  pay  during  the  time  he  Acts. 

As  many  great  and  Valuable  advantages  would  result  from 
having  the  Arms  of  a  Brigade  or  even  a  Division  of  the  Same 
Size  the  Commander  in  Chief  directs  that  each  Officer  Com- 
manding a  Brigade  would  have  a  return  Instantly  made  to  him 
of  the  Different  Callibres  and  number  of  each  in  his  Brigade 
And  that  as  soon  as  this  is  done  Major  General  Sullivan  would 
call  in  his  General  Officers  commanding  Brigades  and  see  if 
such  a  Disposition  of  Arms  can  be  Effected  as  many  happy 
Consequences  would  Flow  from  it. 


Head  Qrts  October  14th  1777 

General  Orders 

Major  General  For  to  Morrow Green. 

Brigadier,  Kentington  Field  Officer,  Colonal  Evans. 

Lieut.  Colonal  Lynly  Brigade  Major,  Piatt  the  Officer  on 
Guard  to  make  a  Report  to  the  Officer  of  the  day  who  will 


208  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

report  the  whole  To  the  Adjutant  General  Doctor  Craig 
Director  of  the  Hospital  at  Reading  has  sent  a  list  of  the 
wounded  there  whose  blankets  and  other  necessaries  Remain 
in  Camp  the  Commanding  Officers  of  Regmts  are  directed  to 
make  the  most  diligent  Search  for  all  such  Necessaries  belong- 
ing To  the  wounded  in  their  Respective  Regmts,  collect  them 
there  togather  and  Lodge  them  with  all  possible  Dispatch  at 
the  Quarter  Master  General's  Quarters,  The  wounded  are 
now  Suffering  for  Want  of  them,  and  not  a  moment  is  to  be 
lost  in  relieving  those  brave  men  who  have  Suffered  in  their 
Countries  Cause  the  Brigade  Major  is  To  send  lists  of  their 
names  to  the  Officers  commanding  Regmts  without  Delay. 

Hitchcock  Esqr.  is  appointed  to  do  duty  as  Brigade  Major  in 
the  Second  Merryland  Brigade  late  Deborres  and  is  to  be  re- 
spected as  such  John  Lawson  Esqr.  Adjutant  to  the  Prince 
William  Militia  is  appointed  to  do  the  duty  of  Brigade  Major 
of  Militia  under  the  Command  of  Colonal  Crawford  and  to 
be  respected  as  Such. 


Head  Quarter  Octr  15th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Stevens. 
Brigadier  Wirden,  Field  Officer  Col.  Lewis. 
Lieut.  Col.  Meade,  Brigade  Major,  Parker  Officer. 
For  Picket  Major  Richardson. 

The  General  has  the  expected  pleasure  of  informing  the 
Army  of  our  Troops  under  the  Command  of  General  Gates 
over  Genl  Burgoin's  Army  the  7th  Instant,  The  Action  began 
at  3  OClock  in  the  afternoon  between  the  picket  of  the  Army 
which  were  reinforced  on  both  sides,  the  Contest  was  warm  & 
Continued  till  evening  when  our  Troops  gained  the  advanced 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  209 

Lines  of  the  Enemy  and  encamptd  on  their  Ground  all  night 
they  Fled  and  left  330  Tents  with  Kettles  boiling  with  Corn, 
8  Brass  Cannon  2  twelve  &  6  pounders,  upwards  of  two  hun- 
dred Dead  of  their  Flying  Army  Genl  Frazier  is  among  their 
Slain  Our  Troops  took  550  of  their  non  Commissioned  Officers 
and  Soldiers  Sir  Francis  Case  Clarke  A  D  C  to  General  Bur- 
goine  a  Qrtt.  Genl  supposed  to  be  Carlton  the  Commanding 
Officers  of  Artillary  of  a  Forreign  Brigade  and  of  the  British 
Granadeers  and  a  number  of  other  Officers  of  Inferior  Rank 
Two  of  our  Genl  Arnold  &  Lincoln  are  wounded  in  the  Legs 
besides  our  Troops  suffered  but  little  they  behaved  with  great 
bravery  and  interpidity  and  have  then  a  Second  time  triumphed 
Over  Veteran  Troops  when  the  last  Accompts  came  away  Genl 
Burgoin's  Army  was  retreating  &  some  perishing  the  General 
Congratulates  the  Troops  on  this  Signal  Victory  the  third 
Capital  advantage  under  divine  Providence  we  have  gain'd  in 
that  Quarter  and  hopes  it  will  prove  a  powerful  Stimulus  under 
his  immediate  Command  at  least  to  Equal  their  Nothren 
Brethren  in  brave  and  Intrepid  Transactions  when  called 
thereto  the  General  wishes  them  to  consider  that  this  is  the 
Grand  American  Army  and  in  Consequence  great  things  are 
expected  of  it  is  the  Army  of  whose  superior  power  some  have 
boasted  what  Shame  then  and  Dishonour  will  attend  us  if  wee 
Suffer  ourselves  in  every  instance  to  be  out  done,  we  have  Force 
Sufficient  by  the  Favour  of  heaven  to  Crush  our  Enmies,  but 
nothing  is  wanting  but  a  Spirited  persevering  of  it  To  which 
as  before  mentioned  duly  and  the  love  our  Country  Irrasest- 
ably  impells  us,  the  Effect  of  much  powerfull  Motives  no  man 
who  posses  the  Spirit  &  Soldier  can  withstand  an  Oppertunity 
by  those  Motives  the  General  assures  himself  the  next  Occasion 
his  Troops  will  be  Compleatly  Successful. 


210  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

For  honour  to  the  Nothern  Army  and  To  Celebrate  the 
Victory  thirteen  pieces  of  Canon  are  to  be  Discharg'd  at  the 
park  of  Artilary  at  5  OClock  this  afternoon  Previous  to  this 
the  Brigades  of  Corps  are  to  be  Drawn  up  on  their  respective 
Parades  the  Orders  to  be  Distinctly  read  by  their  Officers. 

Those  men  of  Colonal  Crawford  whose  pieces  cant  be 
Drawn  are  to  be  Discharged  at  5  OClock  this  afternoon. 

The  troops  are  To  march  from  the  right  to  morrow  morn- 
ning  at  10  OClock  the  Major  General  of  the  day  will  point  out 
the  Order  of  the  March. 

The  brig  Adventurers  are  to  be  made  out  of  all  the  Seamen 
are  to  be  made  out  of  all  the  Respective  Corps  of  the  Army  the 
Brigadier  and  Officer  commanding  Brigadiers  &  Officers  com- 
manding Brigades  are  without  delay  to  make  a  Strict  Enquiry 
for  the  Tin  Cannisters  which  have  been  Delivered  them  &  re- 
port those  numbers  now  with  them  and  inform  what  became 
of  the  Rest. 

In  Consequence  of  a  Representation  of  the  Field  Officers  of 
Colonal  Stewart's  Regmt  Captain  Patrick  Anderson's  Com- 
pany &  Liewts  Saiobi  Militia  of  that  Regmt  are  thereby  Sen- 
tenced from  their  non  Attendance  and  for  their  unworthy  Con- 
duct as  Officers  their  pay  is  to  be  Stop'd  a  Court  of  Enquiry 
Consisting  of  3  Members  one  which  General  Green  is  to  be 
president  To  sit  at  the  Presidents  Quarters  at  3  OClock  this 
afternoon  and  enquire  into  the  Conduct  &  Charges  against 
Brigadier  Genl  Maxwell  all  Witnesses  are  to  attend  at  the 
Same  time  B :  Gen  Mulenburgh  &  Vernon,  Colonals  Stewart 
&  Richardson  are  appointed  members  of  this  Court. 

A  General  Court  Martial  of  Horse  Officers  is  To  Sitt  at 
Col.  Moylands  Quarters  To  Morrow  morning  at  9  OClock 
for  the  Tryall  of  all  prisoners  of  Horse  that  shall  be  Brought 
Before  them  Col.  Moyland  President. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  211 

15th  Octobr  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Court  of  Enquiry  whereof  Col.  Woodford  was  Presi- 
dent have  Determin'd  that  Thomas  Baily  a  Servant  Inlisted  in 
Capt.  Pattens  Company  of  the  Daleware  Regt  is  the  property 
of  Mr.  Godden  in  Maryland,  the  General  Approves  of  the 
Determination  and  Orders  that  Said  Servant  be  deliver'd  to 
Col.  Guest. 

The  General  would  be  Oblig'd  to  the  Officers  Command- 
ants to  make  Reports  of  the  Vacancies  in  their  Several  Regts 
and  what  promotion  they  would  wish  to  take  place. 


Thursday  16th  October  Struck  tents  and  marched  to  the 
Skippack  Road  and  Encamped  on  the  Same  Ground  we  were 
at  on  the  3d  Instant  being  8  miles  and  About  20  from  Phila- 
delphia in  Philadelphia  County  Wooster  Township. 


Head  Quarters  October   18th  1777 

General  Orders 

Major  General  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling  Brigadier 

Scott. 
Field    Officers   Col.    Russell   Lieut.    Col.    Guyney,    for 
picquit 
Major  Locket  B  M  Emery  Detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday 
Saving   that    Harpein   Wain's,   Thompsons,    Maxwell's,    Con- 
way's, and  Nashes;  Brigades  To  find  Captains  in  Addition  of 
the  Other  Detail  and  the  Other  Brigades  not  to  find  Captains, 
the  Genl  has  his  happiness  Compleated  relative  To  the  Success 
of  our  Nothren  Army  On  the  14th  Inst.  G:  Burgoine  and  his 
whole   Army   Surrendered    prisoners   of  War   let   every   heart 
brighten  themselves  and  every  heart  expand  with  Greatful  Joy 


2i2  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

To  the  Supreme  Disposer  of  all  Events  who  has  Granted  us 
this  Signal  Success. 

All  the  Chaplains  of  the  Army  to  prepare  Suited  to  the  Joy- 
ful Occasion  short  discourses  To  deliver  to  their  Respective 
Corps  and  Brigades  at  5  OClock  this  Afternoon  immediately 
after  this  Thirteen  peices  of  Canon  are  to  be  discharg'd  at  the 
Artillary  Park  to  be  followed  by  a  Fued  of  Joy  with  Blank 
Cathridges  or  Powder  by  every  Brigade  or  Corps  of  the  Army, 
beginning  at  the  Right  of  the  Front  line  and  Running  to  the 
left  of  it  and  then  Instantly  beginning  at  the  left  of  the  Second 
line  and  running  to  the  Right  of  it  where  it  will  end  the  Major 
of  the  day  will  Superintend  and  Regulate  the  Feu,  de,  Joy; 
the  Officers  Commanding  Brigades  and  Corps  are  to  draw  out 
their  men,  Excepting  those  on  duty,  every  day  when  the 
weather  Permits,  to  practice  the  most  Necessary  Manoevres 
particularly  to  Advance  in  a  line,  from  thence  to  form  Col- 
lumns  To  go  through  Passes  &  Oppening  Fences,  and  Reduce- 
ing  them  again  To  Retire  in  a  Line  and  Collumn  and  Form 
again  in  a  Word  Form  all  Those  movements  which  in  Action 
in  a  Wooden  and  Close  Country  shall  make  Necessary. 


Advertisement 

A  horse  Saddle  &  Bridle  came  to  Genel  Knox's  quarters; 
The  Owner  by  applying  may  have  them  again. 


On  Monday  20th  October  Struck  Tents  about  4  OClock 
this  morning  and  marched  on  the  Shippack  Road  about  5 
Miles  and  within  15  of  Philadelphia  then  halted  in  an  Old 
Field  on  the  left  of  said  Road  then  Countermarched  to  the 
Wood  do. 

Then  Incampted  in  Wheppain  Township  Philadelp:  County. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  213 

Camp  near  Shippack  Octr  20th  1777 

Proceedings  of  a  Regimental  Court  Marshall  held  this  day 
by  Order  of  Colonal  David   Hall  for  the  Tryal  of  such  per- 
sons as  Shall  be  brought  before  them  belonging  to  said  Regmt. 
John  Larmouth  Capt.   President 

Lwt.  Corsse  ]  (  Lit.  Harvey  Duff 

Ens.  Jas.  Campbell  j  {  En:  Cal  Bennet 

Thomas  Clark  Drummer  of  Kaptain  Kirkwood's  Company 
Confined  by  Lieut.  Brattan  for  disobedience  of  Orders. 

Prisoner  saith  he  was  Sick  and  went  for  a  Drink  of  Watter 
and  left  his  drum  with  the  Rest  &  went  to  sleep  in  the  Woods 
as  he  thought  they  would  stay  all  night  Lut.  Brattan  being 
duely  Sworn  saith  that  he  did  not  see  the  Prisoner  after  they 
halted  on  the  Ground  they  Remain'd  on  the  Court  thinks  him 
Guilty  of  the  Charge,  &  Sentence  him  to  Receive  39  Lashes. 
Approved  by  Charles  Pope  Esqr.  Liet.  Colonal  D  R. 


Head  Qrts  Octr  22  1777 
General  Orders 

Brigadier  Smallwood,  Field  Officers  Cols  Chambers  Lieut. 
Col.  Hashton  for  Picquet  Lieut.  Ford,  B.  M.  Peers  Such  of 
the  Troops  as  have  not  drawn  Provision  for  to  day  and  to 
morrow  to  do  it  Immediately  and  Cook  the  Whole,  and  all  be 
Ready  to  march  on  the  Shortest  Notice. 


Head  Quarters  22d  October  1777 
General  Orders 

Major  General  for  to  morrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Vernon, 
Field   Officers   Col.    Prentice   Lieut.   Col.   Willis   for   Picquet 


2i4  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Lieut.  Col.  Pope,  Brigade  Major  Olden;  many  abuses  have 
been  made  in  Impressing  horses  for  the  Army,  the  Commander 
in  Chief  possitively  orders  that  no  horse  henceforth  will  be 
Impressed  by  any  member  of  the  Army,  without  an  Order 
from  the  Quarter  Master  Ge.  or  Some  of  his  Deputies,  or 
Assistants,  or  Special  Order  from  the  Commander  in  Chief; 
the  Brigade  Qr.  Mrs  are  to  make  Returns  tomorrow  After- 
noon at  5  OClock  of  all  the  riding  and  bad  Horses,  of  their 
Brigades  and  their  persons  and  Ranks,  in  whose  Service  they 
are  used. 

A  General  Court  Martial  whereof  General  Sullivan  is  Pres- 
ident is  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at  the  Presidents  Quarters 
for  the  Tryal  of  Brigadier  General  Wayne,  upon  this  charge 
against  him  (that  he  had  Timely  notice  of  the  Enemies  Inten- 
tion to  Attack  the  Troops  under  his  Command  on  the  Night 
of  the  20th  September  &  Notwithstanding  that  Intelligence 
neglected  making  dispositions  untill  it  was  too  late  either  to 
Annoy  the  Enemy,  or  make  a  Retreat  without  the  utmost  Dan- 
ger and  Confusion. 

Brigadier  Genls  Mulenburgh,  Werden,  Conway,  Hunting- 
ton, Colls.  Stevens,  Denton,  Mr.  Clahan  Stewart,  Beadly, 
Leut.  Col.  David  Deharte  Faihlon  are  appointed  Members  of 
this  Court. 

A  Return  of  the  number  of  Swords  is  to  be  made,  and 
wanting  in  the  horse  Brigade  as  Deficiensies  may  now  be  Sup- 
plied. 

Although  the  Enterprize  under  Genl  Mc  Dougal  proved 
fruitless  by  Reason  that  the  Enemy  had  abandon'd  their  Post; 
Intended  to  have  been  attacted  yet  the  Commander  in  Chief 
Seems  his  Thanks  due  To  the  Officers  and  men  Detaled  for 
that  Service,  who  two  might  Succesfully  have  Crossed  and 
Recrossed  the  Schuylkill  and  To  Those  men  under  Genl  Sulli- 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  215 

van,  &  Green,  who  were  designed  to  facilitate  Genl  Mc  Dou- 
gall's  Opperation;  For  the  Fortitude  and  Resolution  with 
which  they  went  through  the  night's  Marching  which  was  per- 
formed in  the  Expedition. 

A  Flagg  will  go  into  the  Enemy  to  morrow  morning  at  10 
OClock  Such  persons  as  have  any  thing  to  send  to  their  Friends 
are  to  get  them  Ready  and  have  them  at  Head-quarters  at  that 
time. 


Head  Quarters  Octr  25th  1777 

General  Orders 

Major  General  For  to  morrow,  Stevens, 
Brigadier  Woodford  Field  Officers  Col.  Lawson,  Major 
Hail  For  Picket  Major  Schull  Brigade  Major  Wil- 
liams. 

The  Intention  of  a  Certificate  upon  the  pay  Abstracts  under 
the  hands  of  the  Brigades  was  that  truth  of  them  shou'd  be 
made  apparent  upon  Comparisons,  the  Signing  their  names  is 
but  an  empty  Form.  The  Commander  in  Chief  therefore 
Requests  that  henceforth  the  Brigadiers  or  Officers  command- 
ing they  are  Carefully  to  examine  and  compare  the  pay  Ab- 
stracts with  the  weekly  Returns  before  they  make  a  Certificate 
concerning  them.  The  Commander  in  Chief  Orders  that  a 
Weekly  Return  be  made  of  each  Brigade  to  morrow  morning 
at  10  OClock  without  Fail  &  and  those  men  Return'd  on  com- 
mand &  number  of  each  to  be  pointed  out  the  General  will 
look  to  the  Brigadiers  and  Officers  commanding  Brigades  for 
the  mutual  Compliance  of  this  Order. 

The  Commander  in  Chief  approves  of  the  Sentance  of  a 
General  Court  Martial  held  the  14  Inst  whereof  Col.  Broad- 
head  was  president  Orders  them  put  in  execution  immediately 


2i6  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Lewt.  Nathan  Funs  chargd  with  being  drunk  and  uncapable  of 
doeing  his  duty  when  the  Army  engaged  the  Enemy  engaged 
the  Army  on  the  4th  Inst  found  Guilty  and  Sentenced  to  be 
cashihired,  Leut.  Joseph  Fish  of  Capt.  Lac's  Company  in  Colo- 
nal  Dukenson's  Regmt  charged  with  leaving  his  Regmt  and 
Platoon  which  he  belong'd  to  while  on  the  March  towards  the 
Enemy  on  the  night  of  the  3d  Inst  and  also  being  much  dis- 
guised in  Liquor  wras  acquited  of  the  first  charge  and  found 
guilty  of  being  in  Liquor  and  Sentenced  to  be  Reprimanded  by 
the  Brigadier  Genl  in  prescence  of  the  Officers  of  the  Brigade. 


Proceedings  of  a  Regimental  court  Martial  held  in  camp 
near  Germaintown  October  25th  1777  by  Order  of  Col.  David 
Hall. 

Captain  John  Learthmouth  President 

Lieut:  John  Wilson  \  f  Lieut.  John  Rhodes 

t-     •       1,/r    T  I  Members  \  _     .       __    . 

Ensign  M.  Lean        j  I  Ensign  Hariman 

Prisoners  Crime 

William  Dowers  of   Captain   Moors   Compy  being  charg'd 

with  Stealing  a  five  Dollar  bill  from  Serjeant  M.  Cain  pleads 

not  Guilty  but  says  he  found  a  five  Dollar  bill  by  the  fire. 

Evidence — Marmaduke  Mc  Cain  Being  duely  Sworn  de- 
poseth  that  he  wTas  under  Guard  with  the  Prisoner,  he  was 
Singing  and  prisoner  Sitting  Close  by  him,  and  asked  him  to 
Sing  the  Song  again,  after  he  was  Done  Singing  he  mist  his 
pocket  Book  which  had  a  five  dollar  Bill  in  it,  and  Accus'd 
the  prisoner  with  Stealing  it,  but  he  Denied  it,  the  Prisoner 
after  that  Changed  a  five  dollar  bill  and  Said  he  found  it  by 
ye  fire. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  217 

Evidence — Henry  Gardner  being  duel}-  Sworn  Deposeth, 
that  he  was  On  Guard  with  the  prisoner  and  was  ordered  up 
to  the  Mill  and  was  put  on  sentry  there,  the  Prisoner  Asked 
him  if  he  would  go  to  the  Sutlers,  he  Said  he  would,  there  the 
Prisoner  Changed  a  5  Dollar  Bill. 

Evidence — Jno.  Bowden  being  duely  Sworn,  Saith  that  he 
was  prisoner  at  the  time  the  Prisoner  was  Search'd,  &  he  had 
no  money  about  him,  &  the  next  day  he  Chang'd  a  5  Doll: 
bill  with  the  Sutler. — The  Court  having  duely  Considre'd  the 
evidence  for  &  Against  the  Prisoner  are  of  Opinion  that  he  is 
guilty  of  the  Charge  he  is  accused  with,  &  do  Sentence  him  to 
Receive  500  Lashes  well  laid  on  &  pay  Serjt  M  Cain  5  Dol- 
lars; 

The  Above  Sentence  Approv'd  &  ordred  to  be  put  in  execu- 
tion on  Parade  Remitting  300  Lashes. 

D.  Hall 
Coll.  DR 


General  Orders  Head  Quarters  26th  October  1777 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green. 

Brigade   Maxwell,   Field   Officers,   Col.    Brown,   Majr 
Snead. 
The  Court  of  inquiry  whereof  Genl  Green  was   President 
Relative  to  the  Complaint's  against  Genl  Maxwell 
Report  their  opinion  as  follows  Vizt. 

The  Court  having  fully  inquired  into  the  complaints  exhib- 
ited by  Lt.  Col.  Heath  against  Brigadier  Genl  Maxwell  while 
Commanding  the  Light  Corps,  are  Clearly  of  opinion  that  they 
are  without  foundation  Saving  that  it  appears  that  he  once 
during  that  time  disguis'd  with  liquor  in  Such  A  manner  as 
to  disqualify  him  in  Some  Measure  but  not  fully  from  doing 


218  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

his  duty  &  that  once  or  twice  besides  his  Spirits  were  a  little 
elevated  with  Spiritous  Liquor,  the  Court  Submits  to  his  Ex- 
cellencys  better  Judgment  whether  Genl  Maxwell  from  these 
instances  of  deviation  ought  to  be  Subjected  to  A  tryal  by  A 
Court  Martial; — 

The  Commander  in  Chief  directs  that  the  Genl  Court  mar- 
tial of  which  Genl  Sullivan  is  President;  as  soon  as  the  tryal 
before  them  is  finished,  proceed  to  the  tryal  of  Brigadier  Genl 
Maxwell  upon  the  Complaints  Refer'd  to  in  the  foregoing 
Report ; — 

The  Commander  in  Chief  approves  the  following  Sentences 
of  A  Genl  Court  Martial  of  which  Col.  Broadhead  was  presi- 
dent held  the  17th  18th  &  19th  Inst  and  orders  that  they  be 
put  in  execution  forth  with;  Lt.  Col.  Markham  of  the  8th 
Virginia  Regt  Charg'd  with  having  left  the  Regt  in  time  of 
Action  on  the  4th  Inst  &  also  on  the  Retreat  ye  Same  day,  & 
also  Charged  with  delay  when  ordred  to  Support  the  Advanc'd 
Guard,  was  by  the  unanimous  opinion  of  the  Court  found 
guilty  of  the  Charges  exhibited  against  him  &  Sentenc'd  to  be 
Cashiered  ; 

Capt.  M  Cormick  of  the  13th  Virginia  Regt  charg'd  with 
laying  down  in  time  of  Action  &  behaving  in  A  Cowardly  & 
Unofficerlike  manner,  was  Acquited  with  honour. 

Lt.  Crane  of  the  15th  Virginia  Regt  Charged  with  Disobe- 
dience of  Orders,  also  with  Breaking  his  Arrest ;  Acquitted 
by  the  unanimous  opinion  of  the  Court  Lt.  Thos.  Moore  of 
Capt.  Harrissons  Compy  in  ye  15th  Virginia  Regt  Charg'd 
with  incouraging  the  men  to  breed  A  mutiny  &  otherwise  be- 
having unbecoming  the  Character  of  A  Gentleman  &  Officer, 
was  Acquitted ; — 

Thos.  Roche  A  Mattross  in  Capt.  Serjeants  Compy  of  Artil- 
lery in  Col.  Cranes  Regt  Charg'd  with  Desertion  &  attempting 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  219 

to  escape  to  the  Enemy,  the  Court  are  Unanimously  of  opinion 
the  Prisoner  is  guilty  of  the  Charges  against  him  &  do  Unani- 
mously Sentence  him  to  suffer  Death. 

This  Sentence  to  be  put  in  execution  to  morrow  at  12 
OClock  near  the  Artillery  Park  60  Men  with  Officers  from 
each  Brigade  to  attend  the  Execution. 


Head  Qrs  Octbr  28th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Stevens. 
Brigadier  Wayne,  Field  Officers  Col.  Ogdon,  Lt.  Col. 
Lytell   for  Picquett  Majr  Ross,   Brigade  Majr  Mc 
Gowen. 
The  Honble  Congress  have  been  pleased  to  promote  Briga- 
dier Genl  Robt  Howe,  &  Alxr  McDougall   to  the  Rank  of 
Majrs  Genls  in  the  Service  of  the  United  States; 

The  Rank  of  Capts  &  Sublts  In  Col.  Malcolms  Regt  are 
to  be  established  as  Settled  the  19th  Inst  by  Cols  Ogden,  & 
Spencer,  &  Lt.  Col.  Brailey.  Capt.  M  Gowen  is  appointed  to 
do  the  duty  of  Brigade  Majr  in  the  Brigade  late  Dehaws  &  is 
to  be  respected  as  Such. 


Head  Qrtrs  Octbr  29th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan. 
Brigadier  Smallwood,  Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  =  Majr 
West  for  Picquett  Majr  Smith. 
The    Seamen   mentioned    in    Genl    Mulenburghs,    Weedens, 
Scotts,    2nd    Maryland,   &   MDougalls   Brigades   are   to   have 
three    Days    provisions    Cook'd,    &    hold    themselves    ready    to 
march  at  the  Shortest  Notice. 


220  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Qrtrs  Octr  30th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green. 

Brigadier    Huntington,   field   Officers   Lt.   Col.   Symes, 

Lt.  Col.  Green. 
For  Picquett  Majr  Haimer:    Brigade  Majr  of  ye  Day 

Detail  as  Yesterday  Save  that  the  Six  Brigades  that  fur- 
nish'd  Capts  then  to  furnish  none,  the  Brigadiers  &  Officers 
Commanding  Brigades  are  without  Loss  of  time  to  cause  the 
Arms  &  Accoutrements  of  their  men  to  be  put  in  the  best 
order  &  that  due  care  be  taken  that  the  Catridges  that  were 
damp  may  be  dried  &  made  fit  for  use.  The  Seamen  in  the 
Six  Brigades  mentioned  in  Yesterdays  orders  are  to  parade  this 
forenoon  at  10  OClock  in  front  of  Genl  Vernons  Brigade  with 
everything  Belonging  to  them  &  Provisions  Ready  to  march. 

The  Execution  of  Thos  Roche  is  Respited  till  tomorrow; 
Such  Arms  as  are  Loaded  &  cannot  be  drawn  are  to  be  dis- 
charged this  Afternoon  at  4  OClock  under  the  directions  of 
the  Officers  no  pains  to  be  Spaired  to  draw  all  Such  as  will 
admit  of  it. 

Divers  Horses  &  Cattle  have  been  brought  off  by  the  De- 
tachment commanded  by  Genl  MDougall  which  lately  crossed 
the  Schuylkill,  the  persons  who  had  or  have  them  in  possession 
are  to  Report  them  immedietly  to  the  QRM.  Genl  Returns  of 
the  Sick  to  go  to  the  Genl  Hospital  are  to  be  made  to  morrow 
morning  to  the  Surjeon  Genl  at  Col.  Biddies  Qrs.  A  Suffi- 
cient number  of  Camp  kettles  are  to  be  Sent  with  the  Sick, 
those  persons  whose  cases  are  very  bad  are  to  be  sent  imme- 
dietly to  the  Quaker  meetinghouse  at  the  20  mile  Stone  on  the 
North  Wales  Road,  where  the  Surjeon  of  the  hospital  will 
Receive  them,  the  Arms  of  the  Sick  to  be  left  with  the  Regi- 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  221 

mental  QRMasters;  who  has  to  deliver  them  to  the  Commis- 
sary of  Military  Stores;  A  few  orderly  men  are  to  go  with 
the  Sick  to  the  Quaker  meeting  house  proportioned  to  the 
number  of  the  Sick; 

The  Commander  in  Chief  approves  the  following  Sentences 
of  A  Genl  Court  Martial  held  the  13th  Inst  whereof  Col. 
Broadhead  was  President,  Col.  Alexr  Martin  of  the  2nd  N. 
Carolina  Regt  arrested  for  Cowardice  was  acquitted  from  his 
Charge,  &  is  therefore  discharg'd  from  his  arrest. 


Division  Orders  °ctbr  3Qth  1777 

The  Commandants  of  Brigades  to  appoint  five  or  more 
proper  Officers  to  Settle  the  Rank  of  Capts  &  Subalterns  in 
their  Respective  Brigades,  former  Rank  is  to  be  attended  to  in 
Settling.  Merit  must  be  Rewarded  by  Congress  or  the  Com- 
mander in  Chief,  &  cannot  be  Considred  as  giving  preference 
in  Rank  by  any  others,  former  pretentions  are  to  be  considred 
and  extended  only  in  the  Corps;  Vizt  the  former  Pretentions 
of  Capts  among  Capts  1st  Liets  among  themselves,  so  of  2nd 
Lts  &  Ensigns,  A  Report  from  the  Officers  appointed  to  be 
made  as  soon  as  possible  that  promotions  may  immedietly  take 
place. 

tt  11  -r.  •      ,     ^   1  Octbr  31st  1777 

Hall  Brigade  Orders  ' 

Col.  of  the  Delaware,  Col.  Gunby  Lt.  Col.  Ramsey  &  Adams 
&  Majr  Vaughen,  are  appointed  to  Settle  the  Rate  of  Capts  & 
Subalterns  in  the  Brigade,  they  are  to  Sit  this  morning  at  9 
OClock  at  the  Presidents  Qrtrs  &  to  Report  thereon  to  Genl 
Sullivan  the  Committee  whereon  their  buisness  will  please  to 
have  Recourse  to  the  Division  orders  of  Yesterday  which  they 
will  give  due  weight  to ; 


222  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Col.  Richardson  Requires  the  monthly  Returns  of  the  Re- 
spective Regts  in  the  Brigade  to  be  made  out  &  delivre'd  to 
him  by  12  OClock  to  day,  as  he  is  determin'd  to  make  the 
Brigade  return  this  evening;  the  Sick  of  the  Brigades  that  are 
to  be  Sent  to  the  Meeting  house  Hospital,  are  to  parade  this 
morning  at  10  OClock  near  the  Cols  Qrtrs  in  order  to  Set  off. 


Octbr  31st  1777 
The  Brigade  will  omit  Sending  the  Detachment  of  60  men 
to  the  parade  today. 

Timothy  Pickring 

Adjt  Genl 


Head  Quarters  October  31st  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Stevens. 

Brigadier  Conway,  Field  Officers,  Col.  Martin,  Majr 
Bloomsfield  Field  Officer  Picquett  Majr  Smith,  Bri- 
gade Major  Pearce. 

Richd  Piatt  Reynolds  Stephens,  &  M  Dougall  Esqrs  are 
appointed  Aid  D.  Cs  to  Majr  Genl  M  Dougall  and  are  to  be 
Respected  as  Such;  The  Deputy  QRM  Genl  are  to  make 
Returns  to  the  QRM  Genls  Office  of  all  the  Equipages,  Stores, 
Waggons  &c.  in  their  Respective  Divisions,  these  returns  are 
to  be  made  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock ; 

The  Commander  in  Chief  approves  of  the  following  Sen- 
tences of  A  Genl  Court  Martial  of  which  Col.  Bland  was 
president  vizt  Col.  Moyland  Charg'd  with  disobedience  of 
orders  of  Genl  Poliskey,  in  A  Cowardly  &  ungenteel  like 
manner,  in  Strikeing  Mr.  Ziniskey  A  Gentleman  Officer  in  the 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  223 

Polish  service  when  Disarm'd,  putting  him  under  Guard  & 
giving  initiating  language  to  Genl  Polisky,  the  Court  were 
of  opinion  that  Col.  Moyland  Was  not  guilty  &  therefore 
Acquit  him  of  the  Charge  exhibited  against  him ;  Col.  Moy- 
land is  Discharg'd  from  his  Arrest. 

Lucas  Henly  A  private  in  Col.  Blands  Regt  Charg'd  with 
plundering  Wm.  Lawrence,  was  found  guilty  &  Sentenc'd  to 
Run  the  guantlett  thr'o  A  Detachment  of  50  men  of  the  Bri- 
gade of  Horse. 

Judah  Gridley  A  Private  in  Capt.  Palmers  troop  of  Col. 
Feldons  Regt  Charg'd  with  extorting  money  from  Jno.  Thomp- 
son, also  refusing  to  give  himself  up,  attempting  to  escape  from 
Capt.  Richd  Francis  &  attempting  to  draw  his  Sword,  was 
found  guilty  &  Sentenc'd  to  run  the  guantlett  thr'o  iOO  men 
of  the  Brigade  of  Horse — Some  doubts  having  arisen  with 
Regard  to  the  order  of  Promotion,  the  Commander  in  Chief 
thinks  it  again  expedient  to  declare  that  Promotions  Shall  be 
Regimental  as  high  as  the  Rank  of  Capts  Inclusive,  all  from 
that  Rank  in  the  line  of  the  State  but  Subject  to  Such  excep- 
tions as  merit  or  unworthiness  Shall  Render  Just  &  proper 
agreeable  to  the  Genl  Orders  Issued  at  Middle  Brook  on  this 
Head. 

After  Orders 

A  Detachment  of  374  men  to  Parade  tomorrow  morning  at 
Sunrise  on  the  Grand  Parade  with  Arms  &  Amunition  &  one 
Days  Provision  Cook'd ; — The  Details  for  privates  to  be  the 
Same  as  for  the  daily  guards,  Hartleys,  Humptons,  Maxwells, 
Conways,  Huntingdons,  &  the  North  Carolina  Brigades  fur- 
nish each  A  Capt.  Sub.  Serjt  &  2  Corpls  Col.  Patten  Lt.  Col. 
Craig,  &  Major  Morris  will  take  Command  of  this  Party. 


224  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Camp  October  31st  1777 
Proceedings  of  A  Regimental  Court  Martial  of  the  Dela- 
ware Regt  held  this  day  by  order  of  Col.  David  Hall  D.  R. 
Capt.  Jno  Patten  President. 

Lt.  Corse     j  J  Lt.  Jos.  Wilds 

Do  Duff      J  [  Ens.  Bennett 

Serjt  M  Gennie  of  Capt.  Pattens  Compy  of  Sd  Regt  being 
brought  Before  the  Court  for  fighting  &  Abusing  Serjt  Faires 
(pleads  not  guilty  Serjt  Faires  of  Capt.  Moores  Compy  of  Sd 
Regt  being  brought  before  the  Court  for  abusing  Serjt  M  Gin- 
nes  (Pleads  not  guilty). 

No  Evidence  appearing  against  the  above  Serjts  the  Court 
are  of  opinion  they  ought  to  be  acquitted.  Cornelius  Haigney 
&  Thos  M  Cann  of  Capt.  Andersons  Compy  brought  before 
the  Court  for  drunkness  &  fighting  (Cornelius  Haigney)  pleads 
guilty)  Thos  M  Cann  pleads  not  guilty  &  Sayeth  the  fault  was 
altogether  Haigneys,  that  he  also  tore  his  Coat  in  the  Scuffle. 

Evidence — David  Young  of  Capt.  Andersons  Compy  being 
duely  Sworn  sayeth  that  Haigney  being  in  Licquor  went  to 
M  Canns  tent,  &  gave  him  abusive  language  telling  him  he  was 
A  mean  fellow  &  tore  his  Coat,  that  during  the  Scuffle  M  Cann 
Struck  Haigney. 

The  Court  having  duely  Considred  the  Crimes  &  evidences  & 
of  opinion  that  Thos  M  Cann  ought  to  be  acquitted  &  that 
C.  Haigney  is  guilty  of  A  breach  of  the  18th  Section  of  War, 
and  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  39  Lashes  on  his  bare  back 
with  the  Cat  O  Nine  tails,  &  to  make  good  the  Dammage  done 
to  M  Cann's  Coat,  the  Court  from  the  good  Character  of  Cor 
Haigney  &  being  the  first  Crime  that  has  appeared  against  him 
(Recommend  him  to  Mercy)  Jas  Caton  being  brought  before 
the  Court  for  going  drunk  on  the  parade  (Pleads  not  guilty) 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  225 

but  says  he  was  A  little  Hearty  no  Evidence  appearing  the 

Court  do  Acquit  him  the  Above  Sentence  Approv'd  &  C :  Haig- 

ney's  Sentence  emitted.  „    TT 

J  D.  Hall 

Col.  D  R 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  November  2nd  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green,  Brigadier  Ervine. 

Field  Officers  Col.  Broadhead,  Lt.  Col.  Ennis,  for  Pic- 
quett  Lt.  Col.  Polk  Brigade  Majr  Mullen,  Detail  the 
Same  as  yesterday  only  the  North  Carolina  Brigade 
no  men  for  Picquett. 

Each  Division  to  open  A  Road  into  the  best  &  nearest  Main 
Road  leading  to  the  Country,  by  which  the  Waggons  &  troops 
may  move  with  the  greattest  ease  &  dispatch ;  The  Commander 
in  Chief  Relies  on  the  Officers  Commanding  Divisions  to  See 
this  Necessary  work  Perform'd  As  soon  as  possible;  the  Wag- 
gons are  to  be  Drawn  up  Regularly  &  in  the  best  order,  & 
every  night  the  Horses  are  to  be  tied  to  the  Waggons,  &  gear'd 
every  morning  at  day  break,  the  Divisions  &  Brigade  QRMas- 
ters  are  to  provide  Straw  for  the  troops,  taking  none  that  is  not 
thrashed,  but  the  men  will  Collect  leaves  they  can  for  that  Pur- 
pose; The  Genl  Court  Martial  whereof  Genl  Sullivan  is 
President,  to  Sit  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock  at  the  Presi- 
dents Qrs  for  the  tryal  of  Genl  Stevens  upon  the  Charge  ex- 
hibited against  him,  the  delay  that  may  ariss  from  the  appoint- 
ment of  new  members  &  the  Impractability  of  Changing  the 
Genl  Officers  without  introducing  those  that  have  been  upon 
the  Court  of  Inquiry  Relative  to  the  Same  Charges,  Renders  it 
Necessary  that  this  tryal  Should  be  Before  the  Same  Court. 


226  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

November  2nd  Sunday  Struck  tents  &  Cross'd  Whissahicton 
Creek  on  Skippack  Road,  march'd  to  the  left  &  encamp'd  on 
the  brow  of  an  hill  on  ye  North  Wales  Road  White  Marsh 
Township  Philada  County  in  all  2  Miles. 


Novmbr  3rd   1777 
Division  Orders 

A  Court  of  inquiry  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at  9  OClock  to 
inquire  into  Some  Complaints  against  major  Adams  respecting 
A  Waggon  and  Horses  he  had  in  Custody,  Belonging  to  A 
person  in  New  Jersey,  Lt.  Col.  Pope  of  the  Delaware  to  Sit  as 
president  of  this  Court,  2  Capts  &  2  Subs  from  each  Brigade 
to  compose  this  Court,  the  Same  Court  to  enquire  into  the 
Conduct  of  Lt.  Jno  Moore  of  Col.  Gunbys  Regt  in  the  late 
Battle  of  Germainton,  also  of  Lt.  Skinner  of  the  Same  Regt 
accused  of  mis  conduct  in  that  Action. 

The  Commandants  of  the  Division  are  to  attend  to  having 
A  Road  opned  in  the  Rear,  agreeable  to  the  Orders  of  yester- 
day, the  Genl  being  engaged  on  A  Court  martial  Cannot  attend 
himself  to  the  Buisness,  they  will  please  to  Consult  each  other 
upon  the  most  proper  place  to  make  the  Road,  and  have  it 
Compleated  as  Soon  as  Possible. 

After  Divis.  Orders 

3d  Novmbr  1777 

The  Officers  and  men  by  no  means  to  be  absented  from 
Camp,  provisions  for  this  day  and  tomorrow  to  be  Cook'd  im- 
medietly  &  every  thing  held  in  Readiness  for  marching  at  the 
Shortest  notice,  the  Officers  Commanding  Brigades  are  with- 
out loss  of  time  to   furnish  them   Selves  with  A  Guide  well 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  227 

acquainted  with  the  Neighbouring  Country;  Wm  Blanch  A 
Private  said  to  belong  to  Capt.  Deans  Compy  in  the  5th  M. 
Regt  now  Detain'd  in  Capt  Andersons  2nd  M  Regt  is  imme- 
dietly  to  Join  the  5th  M.  Regt  any  Officer  who  thinks  him- 
self agrieved  by  another,  may  on  application  have  A  Court  of 
inquiry  to  Determine  to  what  Corps  the  Soldier  Belongs. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  3d  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  M  Dougall,  Brigadier  Scott,  Field 
Officers  Col.  Marshall,  Brigade  Majr  M  Gowen,  Detail  the 
Same  as  yesterday,  except  the  two  Maryland  Brigades,  & 
Wedens,  Mulenburghs,  Woodfords,  &  Scotts,  furnish  Capts, 
the  Post  Office  is  kept  at  Edward  Hopkins  near  farmers  mill 
by  the  great  Bridge,  the  post  master  has  paper  to  Sell  for  the 
price  it  Cost.  The  Waggoners  are  to  be  in  the  Rear  of  their 
Respective  Divisions  and  kept  Ready  to  move  as  Directed  in 
yesterday  Orders,  the  Q.  R.  Masters  are  to  Cause  necessaries 
to  be  made  forthwith  for  the  Conveniencies  of  each  Brigade. 

The  Cols,  of  each  Regt  of  Horse  to  make  A  Return  of  the 
Number  &  condition  of  their  Horses  &  furniture,  &  of  the 
Arms  &  Accoutrements  of  his  men,  the  Returns  to  be  made  by 
to  morrow  forenoon  without  fail. 


Advertisement 

On  Saturday  was  found  A  Black  pocket  book  with  Some 
money,  &  A  number  of  Papers  dated  at  Peek's  hills,  and  A 
Letter  directed  to  Jos.  Fatch  Col.  Chandlers  Regt. 

3rd  Maryland  Regt  to  Send  an  orderly  Serjt  to  Head  Quar- 
ters. 


228  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

5th  Maryland  Regt  to  Send  one  orderly  Serjt  to  Col.  Rich- 
ardson Qrs. 

The  Guards  to  be  on  the  Parade  at  half  after  Eight  OClock 
in  the  Morning. 


White  Marsh  Novmbr  4th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Gel  for  tomorrow  Green,  Brigadier  Maxwell, 
Field  Officers  Col.  Swift,  Majr  Read  of  Col.  Hazens 
Regt  Brigade  Majr  Hitchpatrick. 

Detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday ;  Agreeable  to  former  orders  all 
Reports  of  the  Guards  &  Scouting  are  to  be  made  by  the 
Officers  Commanding  them  to  the  Majr  Gel  of  the  Day  who 
is  to  Report  them  to  the  Commander  in  Cheif ;  Every  Regt  is 
to  go  on  making  Catridges  every  day  when  the  weather  will 
admit  of  it,  the  Commissary  of  Military  Stores  is  to  make  A 
Return  of  the  Catridges  Return'd  to  him  &  by  the  Regt  by 
which  they  were  made.  Lost  yesterday  afternoon  about  2 
OClock  on  the  Skippack  Road,  between  the  Commissarys  Genl 
&  the  Mill,  A  parchment  Pocket  book  Containing  about  40 
Dollars  &  Some  Papers,  any  person  Leaving  it  at  Genl  Sulli- 
vans  Qrs  Shall  receive  10  Dollars  Reward. 


White  Marsh  Novmbr  5th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Woodford, 
Field  Officers  Col.  Hogun,  Majr  Taylor,  Brigade  Majr  Min- 
nes,  Detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday;  A  Genl  Court  Martial  of 
which  Genl  Sullivan  was  President  held  the  30th  Octbr  last  & 
the  two  following  days,  for  the  tryal  of  Brigadier  Genl  Max- 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  229 

well  on  the  following  Charge  Viz.  that  he  was  once  during  the 
time  he  Commanded  the  Light  troops  disguised  in  Liquor,  in 
Such  A  manner  as  to  be  Disquallified,  in  Some  measures,  but 
not  fully  from  doing  his  Duty,  &  that  once  or  twice  Besides, 
his  Spirits  were  A  little  elivated  with  liquor,  upon  which  the 
Court  pronounced  Sentence  as  follows ;  The  Court  having  Con- 
sidered the  Charge  &  evidence,  are  Unanimously  of  Opinion 
that  Brigadier  Genl  Maxwell  while  he  Commanded  the  light 
Troops  was  not  at  any  time  in  any  measure  unfit  from  doing 
his  Duty,  they  do  therefore  Acquit  him  of  the  Charge  laid 
against  him ;  The  Paymasters  Genls  Qrs  are  at  Nathen  Clevins, 
in  the  Rear  of  Genl  Stevens  Division. 

5th  M.  Regt  to  Send  A  Captain  and  one  Subaltern  to  A 
Court  of  inquiry  to  Sit  at  Col.  Popes  tent  to  morrow  morning 
at  9  OClock. 

7th  M.  Regt  to  Send  an  Orderly  Serjt  to  Head  Quarters. 

1st  M.  Regt  to  Send  one  Do         to  Col.  Richardsons. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr,  6th  1777 

Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  M  Dougall,  Brigadier  Small- 
wood. 

Field  Officers  Col.  Gunby,  Lt.  Col.  Brent,  Brigade  Majr 
Alder  The  Independent  Compy  commanded  by  Capt.  Joshua 
Williams  to  be  annexed  &  to  do  Duty  with  the  4th  Pensyl- 
vania  Regt  till  further  Orders;  all  Prisoners  not  being  Con- 
tinental Soldiers  and  Suspected  persons  are  to  be  Carried  to 
the  Major  Genl  of  the  day  to  be  examin'd  and  dealt  with  as  he 
Shall  think  fit. 


230  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

The  Cols  or  officers  Commanding  Regts  are  to  appoint  an 
Officer  from  each  Regt  to  go  with  4  men  to  Bethlehem  to  get 
Such  of  their  Cloathing  as  is  absolutely  Necessary  and  Bring 
the  Same  on  Waggons,  the  Waggon  Master  Genl  will  make 
the  Necessary  provision  and  Waggons  for  that  end ;  Any  Gen- 
tleman of  the  Army  having  any  effects  of  the  late  Majr  White 
A.  D.  C.  to  Genl  Sullivan  are  Desired  to  bring  them  to  Head 
Qrs  to  be  deliver'd  to  his  Brother. 


„  .      ,     _,   ,  Novmbr   6th    1777 

Brigade  Orders 

Returns  of  Cloathing  wanted  are  to  be  Rendred  to  morrow 
morning  by  the  Commandants  of  the  Maryland  Continental 
Regts  that  A  Distribution  may  be  equally  made  of  Such  that  is 
now  on  hand  and  an  application  made  for  the  deficiency;  for 
which  purpose  an  Officer  will  be  detached  with  proper  Instruc- 
tions to  the  States  of  Maryland  to  morrow,  and  Also  like  Re- 
turns from  the  Delaware  Regt  is  expected  as  an  Officer  will  be 
detatch'd  to  that  State  for  the  Same  purpose  Col  Guest  is 
Required  to  Detach  A  Scouting  party  Consisting  of  the  Same 
number  under  Similar  Instructions  of  that  Detachmen  yester- 
day. 

Detail  for  Guards  1  Sub  2  Serjts  2  Corpls  &  27  Privates. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  7th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr   Genl   for   tomorrow   Sullivan,    Brigadier   Wayn, 
Field   Officers   Col.    David    Hall,   Lt.   Col.    Farmer, 
Brigade  Majr  Barker. 
Detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday,  the  Independant  Compy  Com- 
manded by  Capt.  Weaver  is  to  be  Annexed  to,  and  do  Duty 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  231 

with  the  10th  Pensylvania  Regt  till  further  orders,  Some  Dis- 
putes having  Arrisen  Relative  to  Certain  men  enlisted  by  M 
Nelson  doing  duty  in  the  7th  Pensylvania  Regt,  A  Court  of 
inquiry  is  to  examine  into  the  Matter  &  Report  their  opinions 
whether  these  men  Should  Remain  as  they  are  or  be  trans- 
ferred to  the  9th  Pensylvania  Regt  for  which  Regt  it  is  Said 
they  are  Inlisted  for;  A  Field  Officer  and  A  Capt.  from  Max- 
wells Brigade  &  one  field  Officer  from  Col.  Huntingdons  Bri- 
gade are  to  Compose  this  Court  which  are  to  Sit  to  morrow 
Morning  at  9  OClock  at  Lt.  Col.  Brearlys  Qrs  who  is  to  be 
one  of  the  members ;  It  is  expected  by  the  Commander  in 
Chief  that  all  intilligence  from  the  enemies  lines  which  may 
Come  to  the  Knowledge  of  any  Officer  &  bears  the  mark  of 
Authority  will  be  immedietly  Communicated  to  him  or  the 
Majr  Genl  of  the  Day  who  will  if  the  Cause  Requires  it  give 
immediet  information  thereof  to  him. 

All  Officers  Commanding  at  out  posts  are  to  Receive  & 
detain  all  pass  which  are  given  merely  for  the  purpose  of  pass- 
ing them,  lest  they  Should  afterwards  be  put  to  an  improper 
use; — Since  the  Genl  left  Germaintown  in  September  last,  he 
has  been  without  his  Baggage  and  on  that  Acct  is  unable  to 
Receive  Company  in  the  manner  he  Could  wish,  but  neverthe- 
less he  desires  the  Genls  &  Field  Officers  of  the  Day  and  Bri- 
gade Majrs  to  dine  with  him  in  future  at  3  OClock  in  the 
Afternoon ;  A  Detatchment  of  370  Men  properly  Officer 'd  is 
to  parade  at  Sun  Rise  on  the  Grand  Parade,  Detail  the  Same 
as  for  other  Guards,  Col.  Russell  Lt.  Col.  Mead  &  Majr  Sill 
are  to  Command  this  Detatchment;  A  Detatchment  of  15 
Dragoons  under  the  Command  of  Capt.  Smith  to  be  Composed 
according  to  Instructions  he  Shall  Receive. 


232  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  8th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green,  Brigadier  Woodford,  Field 
Officers,  Col.  Davis  the  Majr  of  the  10th  Pensylvania  Regt 
Brigade  Majr  of  Genl  Scotts  Brigade  Detail  the  Same  as  yes- 
terday; the  Service  requiring  that  the  men  be  Ready  to  march 
on  the  Shortest  notice,  the  Officers  Commanding  Brigades  & 
Corps  are  to  be  perticularly  Carefull  to  keep  their  men  con- 
stantly Supplied  with  2  Days  Provisions  in  hand; — To  make 
the  more  despatch  in  the  Tryal  of  Officers  under  Arrest,  Bri- 
gade Genl  Court  Martials,  are  to  be  held  without  delay  for 
the  tryal  of  Such  Officers  under  Arrest  as  Shall  apply  to  Briga- 
diers or  other  Officers  Commanding  Brigades  for  tryal  before 
their  Courts;  The  Commander  in  Chief  Approves  of  the  Sen- 
tence of  the  Genl  Court  Martial  to  Brigadier  Genl  Maxwell 
Publish'd  in  Genl  orders  of  the  4th  Inst  but  through  mistake 
that  approbation  was  not  Inserted. 


t^.  .  .       ~   ,  November  8th   1777 

Division  Orders 

The  Genl  Requests  the  Commanding  Officers  of  Brigades  & 
Corps,  to  improve  every  opportunity  of  Desciplining  &  Man- 
auvering  their  troops  two  or  three  hours  in  the  Course  of  each 
Day  while  the  Army  Lays  encamp'd,  it  will  by  no  means 
fatague  the  men,  but  will  tend  to  give  them  Confidence  in  each 
other,  which  in  time  of  Action  is  Essentially  necessary,  teach- 
ing them  to  move  in  large  bodys  will  answer  the  best  purpose, 
moving  in  lines  at  open  order  &  forming,  Displaying  Collumns 
by  their  Center  are  verry  Essential; 

As  soon  as  the  Genl  can  be  Dismiss'd  from  other  duty,  he 
will  give  every  Assistance  in  his  power  to  promote  this  desire- 
able  End. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKfVOOD  233 

Novmbr  8th  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

Col.  Hall  of  the  Delaware  Regt  is  appointed  President  of 
the  Brigade  Court  Martial  ordered  yesterday  in  place  of  Majr 
Jos.  Vaughen  who  is  Sick,  the  Same  Court  is  ordred  to  Sit  to 
morrow  morning  at  9  OClock,  for  tryal  of  Such  prisoners  as 
are  under  Confinement. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  9th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Maxwell; 
Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Powell,  Majr  Hurman;  Brigade  Majr 
Day,  Detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday; — Nicholas  Vancourtland 
Esqr.  is  appointed  A  D  C.  to  Majr  Genl  Sullivan  and  is  to 
be  Respected  as  Such; 

One  piece  of  Cannon  at  Genl  Ervins  Brigade  is  to  be  dis- 
charg'd  this  evening  at  4  OClock  it  being  found  impracticable 
to  draw  the  Charge; — All  the  empty  Waggons  or  which  can 
be  emptied  without  great  inconveniency  are  to  be  got  Ready 
in  the  Several  Brigades  and  to  be  Assembled  this  day  at  Such 
place  and  hour  as  the  Forrage  master  Genl  Shall  direct  to  be 
dispos'd  of  by  him. 

The  Brigadiers  &  Officers  Commanding  Brigades  are  with 
as  much  Despatch  as  possible  to  have  their  Brigades  paraded 
&  from  their  own  observation  to  take  an  Acct  of  the  Articles 
of  Cloathing  indispensably  necessary  for  the  men,  many  of  the 
men  mount  parade  daily  who  make  very  unsoldier  like  appear- 
ance, the  Adjutants  and  Brigade  Majrs  will  be  Respectively 
Answerable,  that  hence  forward  they  Bring  no  man  to  the 
Parade  whose  appearance  is  not  as  decent  as  his  circumstances 
will  permit,  having  their  Beards  Shaved,   Hair  Comb'd,  Face 


234  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

wash'd  &  Cloath  put  on  in  the  best  manner  in  their  Power; — 
Capt.  Craig  of  Col.  Moyland's  Regt  with  his  party  of  horse 
have  taken  of  Dragoons  &  7  Soldiers  with  their  horses,  Arms, 
&  Accoutrements,  The  Genl  desires  Capt.  Craigs  leave  & 
others  who  distinguished  themselves  will  accept  his  Cordial 
thanks  for  the  enterprise,  Spirit  &  Bravery  they  have  expati- 
ated in  harrassing  &  making  Captives  of  the  Enemy;  All  the 
Genl  Officers  in  Camp  are  to  Assemble  to  morrow  at  10 
OClock  in  the  forenoon  at  Genl  Greens  Qrs  to  Settle  the 
Rations,  the  Genl  Officers  will  attend  this  in  preferrence  to 
any  other  Duty  and  make  Report  as  Soon  as  they  have  fin- 
ished ; 

A  Detatchment  of  370  men  are  to  parade  precisely  at  3 
OClock  to  morrow  morning  with  their  Arms  &  Accoutrements 
&  I  Days  Provision  Cook'd  the  Brigade  Majrs  will  have  their 
men  turn'd  out  and  See  everything  in  order  this  afternoon,  & 
parade  them  tomorrow  morning  with  the  greatest  punctuality 
the  Detail  the  Same  as  for  other  Guards;  Col.  Spencer  Lt. 
Col.  Starr,  &  Majr  Breuster  are  to  Command  this  detatch- 
ment; 24  Light  Dragoons  are  to  parade  at  the  Same  time  and 
place. 

Proceedings  of  A  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  at  Camp 
White  Marsh  Novmbr  9th  1777  by  order  of  Col.  David  Hall 
of  the  Delaware  Regt. 

Jno.  Larimonth  Capt.  President. 

Lt.  Jno.  Rhodes,  Lt.  Jas.  Bratten,  Lt.  Caleb  Brown,  &  Ens. 
Horsman  members  Serjt  Dowds,  Hugh  Coffell  &  Andrew  Pol- 
lard Privates  of  Capt.  Kirkwood's  Compy,  Confin'd  by  order 
of  Col.  David  Hall  for  burning  a  tent  Serjt  Dowds  Says  he 
was  Asleep  &  did  not  know  anything  of  the  tents  being  burnt; 
Hugh  Coffell  Says  he  did  not  know  how  the  tent  got  afire; 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  235 

Andrew  Pollard  Says  he  did  not  know  how  the  tent  got  afire, 
for  he  was  A  Cutting  Cabbage  at  the  time.  No  Evidence 
Appearing  against  the  Prisoners,  the  Court  are  of  opinion  that 
they  are  not  guilty  of  the  Crime  alledg'd  against  them,  as  it 
appears  to  have  been  an  Accident. 

Jno.  Learmonth 

Capt.  President 

The  Above  Sentence  approv'd. 

D.  Hall 
Col.  D.  R 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  10th  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green,  Brigadier  Smallwood, 
Field   Officers  Col.   Clark,   Majr  of  Col.   Steels   Regt 
Brigade  Majr  Williams. 

Detail  the  Same  as  yesterday  only  Hartleys,  Huntingtons, 
Maxwells,  Conways,  North  Carrolina,  &  Humptons  Brigades 
furnish  Capts  Instead  of  those  who  furnish'd  them  yesterday; 
Col.  Stevens  is  Appointed  President  of  A  Court  of  Inquiry, 
relative  to  the  Complaint  of  Jos.  Chambers  against  Lt.  Col. 
Jos.  Parker;  Lt.  Col.  Farmer,  &  1  Capt.  from  Genl  Wedens 
Regt  &  two  Capts  from  Genl  Mulenburghs  Brigade  are  ap- 
pointed members  of  the  Court,  which  is  to  Sit  at  Col.  Stevens 
Qrs  to  morrow  at  10  OClock. 


„.  .  .       ~    ,  Novmbr  10th  1777 

Division  Orders 

The  Court  of  inquiry  whereof  Lt.  Col.  Pope  was  President 

to   enquire   into    the   conduct   of   Majr   Adams    Respecting  A 


236  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Waggon  &  Horses  taken  by  him  the  last  Campaign  Report 
their  opinions  as  follows,  the  Court  taken  into  Consideration 
Majr  Adams  Conduct  concerning  Said  Waggon  &  horses,  and 
from  the  Several  testimonies  handed  in  are  unanimously  of 
opinion  that  he  Acted  the  part  of  A  Gentleman  &  ought  not 
to  bear  the  least  Censure;  the  Genl  cannot  help  observing  that 
upon  perussing  the  evidence  laid  before  the  Court  of  Inquiry, 
he  not  only  coincides  in  opinion  with  the  Court  but  is  fully 
convinced  that  few  persons  in  Majr  Adam  Circumstances  that 
would  have  taken  So  much  pains  to  Render  Justice  to  the 
owner  of  the  Waggon  &  Horses  as  he  has  done. — The  Genl 
has  the  Satisfaction  to  Inform  his  Division  that  Capt.  Pears 
author  of  A  Letter  published  in  the  Virginia  Gazette,  assuring 
that  this  Division  first  gave  way  at  the  Battle  of  Germain- 
town,  he  has  wrote  another  Letter  which  will  be  published  in 
the  Same  paper  Contradicting  that  assertion  and  rendering 
them  that  Justice,  which  their  Bravery  will  intitle  them  to,  the 
Resentment  Shewn  by  the  Genl  Officers  of  the  Army  as  well 
as  others  who  were  of  Different  Divisions  against  the  erronious 
Acct  ought  to  Serve  as  A  Stimulous  to  excite  the  Officers  & 
Soldiers  on  every  Similar  occation  to  deserve  the  good  opinion 
of  those  Officers  who  have  taken  So  much  pains  to  do  them 
Justice  &  Resented  A  Publication  which  gave  their  own  Corps 
A  Preference  to  them  &  Robbed  them  of  part  of  the  Glory 
they  acquired. 

Proceedings  of  A  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  by  order 
of  Col.  Davd  Hall  of  the  Delaware  Regt  Camp  White  Marsh 
Novmbr  ioth  1777. 

Jno.  Patten  Capt.  President 

Lt.  Wilson,  Lt.  Wilds,  Enss.  M  Clane,  &  Hosman  Mem- 
bers. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  237 

Prisoner  Serjt  Perry  Confin'd  by  Lt.  Duff  Charg'd  with 
frequent  Drunkeness 

Pleads  not  Guilty 

Evidence — Lt.  Quenouault  being  duely  Sworn  Saith  that  he 
Saw  the  Serjt  when  the  Corporal  Confin'd  him  that  he  ap- 
peared verry  much  in  Liquor,  &  fell  on  A  tent  Just  by  him,  & 
that  he  has  Seen  him  in  Liquor  Several  times  before;  The 
Court  having  duely  Considred  the  Evidence  are  of  opinion  that 
he  is  guilty  of  a  Breach  of  the  5th  A  of  the  18th  Sect  of  War 
&  do  Sentence  him  to  be  Reduced  to  ye  Ranks. 

Approv'd  by  Col.  D.  Hall 

D.  Regt 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  nth  1777 
Genl  Orders 

Parole  Hudson.         C.  Sign  Delaware.     Schuylkill. 

Majr  Genl  for  to  morrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier 
Scott,  Field  Officers,  Col.  Beauford,  Majr  Bryard, 
Brigade  Majr  McGowan,  the  Detail  the  Same  as 
Yesterday. 

The  Honourable  Continental  Congress  passed  the  following 
Resolves,  which  has  been  transmitted  hither  to  be  made  Pub- 
lick  in  the  Army;    In  Congress  Novmbr  4th  1777. 

Resolv'd  that  his  Excellency  Governour  Casswell  of  North 
Carolina  be  Requested  to  errect  A  monument  of  the  Value  of 
500  Dollars  at  the  expence  of  the  United  States  in  honour  of 
the  Memory  of  Brigadier  Genl  Nash,  who  fell  in  the  Battle 
of  Germaintown  of  the  4th  of  Octbr  1777  nobly  contending 
for  the  Independance  of  his  Country;  Resolv'd  that  the  thanks 
of   Congress  in  their  own  name  &   in   behalf  of   the  thirteen 


238  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

United  States,  be  presented  to  Majr  Genl  Gates,  Commander 
in  Chief  to  the  northern  Army  &  to  Majr  Genl  Francis  Lin- 
coln &  Arnold,  the  rest  of  the  Officers  &  men  under  his  Com- 
mand, for  their  brave  &  Successfull  Behaviour  in  Support  of 
the  Independency  of  their  Country,  Whereby  the  Army  of  the 
Enemy  of  10,000  Men  have  been  totally  Defeated,  one  large 
Detatchment  of  it  Strongly  posted  and  entrench'd  having  been 
Conquer'd  at  Bennington,  another  Repuls'd  with  loss  &  Dis- 
grace from  fort  Schuyler  &  the  main  Army  of  6,000  men  after 
being  beat  in  three  Actions,  &  driven  from  A  Strong  post  & 
formidable  Intrenchments  reduced  to  the  Necessaty  of  Surren- 
dering themselves  upon  terms  Honourable  &  Advantageous  to 
these  States  on  the  19th  of  Octbr  last  to  Majr  Genl  Gates. 

That  A  Medal  be  Struck  of  Gold  under  the  direction  of  the 
Board  of  War  in  Commemoration  of  this  great  event  &  in  the 
name  of  these  United  States  presented  by  the  President  to  Majr 
Genl  Gates. 

Resolved  that  Congress  have  A  high  Sence  of  the  merit  of 
Col.  Green  &  the  Officers  &  men  under  his  Command  for  their 
late  Gallant  defence  of  the  fort  at  Red  bank  on  Delaware 
River  &  that  An  Elligant  Sword  be  provided  by  the  Board  of 
War  &  presented  to  Col.  Green. 

Resolved  that  Congress  have  an  high  Sense  of  the  Merit  of 
Lt.  Col.  Smith  &  of  the  Officers  &  Men  under  his  Command 
in  their  Gallant  defence  of  Fort  Mifflin  on  the  River  Dela- 
ware &  that  an  Elligant  Sword  be  provided  by  the  Board  of 
War,  &  present  to  Lt.  Col.  Smith. 

Resolved  that  the  Congress  have  an  high  Sense  of  the  merit 
of  Commodore  Hazelwood  the  Commander  of  the  Naval  Force 
in  the  River  Delaware,  in  the  Service  of  the  Commonwealth 
of  Pensylvania,  &  of  the  Officers  &  men  under  his  Command 
in  their  late  Gallant  defence  of  their  Country  against  the  Brit- 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  239 

ish  Fleet,  whereby  two  of  their  Men  of  War  were  Destroyed 
&  four  others  Compelled  to  Retire,  &  that  an  elligant  Sword  be 
provided  by  the  Board  of  War  &  presented  to  Commodore 
Hazlewood ; — A  Flag  will  go  to  the  Enemies  lines  to  morrow 
morning  at  10  OClock. 


Advertisement 
Taken  yesterday  afternoon  from  Col.  Proctors  tent  a  hand- 
Some  Silver  Mounted  Small  Sword,  with  the  handle  Bound 
with  Gold  the  Sheath  of  Parchment,  &  the  Shell  verry  neatly 
Chas'd  with  zays  whosoever  will  bring  the  same  to  Lt.  Col. 
North,  Shall  be  handsomely  Rewarded  at  the  Park  of  Artil- 
lery. 

Head  Qrtrs  White  March  Novembr  12th  1777 

General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green. 

Brigadier  Ewin,  Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Nagle,  Majr 

Stewart  Brigade  Majr  Minnes. 

C    L    S    C     P 

f  1st  Maryland  Brigade  1      1     2     2     29 
Detail  for  to  morrow 


f  1st  Maryla 
}  2nd       Do. 


Do.  o  1  2  2  25 
The  Honble  the  Continental  Congress  have  been  pleased  to 
pass  the  following  Resolves  Concerning  the  opinion  of  the  Court 
of  inquiry  mentioned  in  General  orders  the  6th  Inst  Relative 
to  Genl  Sullivan,  In  Congress  Octbr  20th  1777  Resolved  that 
the  Result  of  the  Court  of  inquiry  into  the  expedition  of  Staten 
Island  as  Honourable  to  General  Sullivan's  Charecter,  And 
highly  pleasing  to  Congress,  &  that  the  opinion  of  the  Court  be 
published  in  Justification  of  the  Charecter  of  that  Injured 
Officer. 


24o  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

It  appears  that  Some  Regiments  are  destitute  of  Necessary 
Cloathing  although  they  have  been  supplied  with  their  full 
Suits  allowed  by  Congress  this  must  have  arrisen,  at  least  in 
part  from  the  innatention  of  the  Officers  not  taking  lists  of 
their  Mens  Necessaries  &  examining  them  agreeable  to  General 
orders,  And  Calling  delinquents  to  A  Severe  Acct  for  what  was 
missing  this  under  our  Circumstances  is  a  Neglect  of  the  worst 
kind  &  most  fatal  tendency  &  demands  a  most  Speedy  & 
effectual  Remedy,  and  although  the  articles  delivered  the  men 
beyond  the  Stated  allowance  be  Charged  to  them  yet  in  our 
Situation  this  does  not  lessen  the  evil  Complain'd  of;  The  Com- 
mander in  Chief  therefore  most  Seriously  &  positively  Requests 
the  Officers  Commanding  Companies,  after  taking  exact  lists  of 
the  mens  Necessaries  to  examine  them  Carefully  Once  A  Week 
agreeable  to  Genl  orders  formerly  Issued,  &  if  any  Non  Com- 
missioned Officer  or  Soldier  Shall  Sell  or  willfully  destroy,  or 
Carlessly  loose  any  of  the  Necessaries,  he  is  to  be  Severly  pun- 
ished at  the  direction  of  A  Court  martial,  this  is  a  matter  of 
So  important  a  nature,  that  the  Commander  in  Chief  expects 
the  Officers  will  pay  the  most  exact  attention  to  it,  &  that  the 
Genl  Officers  &  others  Commanding  Brigades,  will  see  this 
order  Carefully  &  Regularly  Comply'd  with,  It  appears  also 
that  many  men  who  go  into  Hospitals  well  Cloathed  are  in  A 
manner  almost  naked,  when  they  get  well  &  Cannot  Return  to 
their  Regts  till  they  are  new  Cloathed,  to  prevent  A  continu- 
ance of  this  evil,  &  that  the  Guilty  may  be  known  &  Punished, 
no  man  henceforward  are  to  be  Sent  to  the  Hospitals  with  out 
lists  of  the  Company  &  Regt  they  belong  to  &  of  every  article 
of  their  Cloathing,  these  lists  to  be  Signed  by  their  Captain  or 
those  Commanding  the  Company  &  Transmitted  to  the  Sur- 
jeons  of  the  Hospital  to  which  the  Sick  are  Sent  to,  and  if  any 
men  are  Sent  to  the  Hospitals  without  Such  lists,  the  Officers 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  241 

Sending  them  Shall  be  punished  for  their  neglect  at  the  Dis- 
cretion of  A  Genl  Court  Martial,  And  the  Surgeons  of  the 
Hospitals  are  as  Soon  as  Possible  to  Send  A  Report  of  Such 
Officers  to  the  Adjutant  Genl. 

That  the  Arms  &  Accoutrements  of  the  Sick  may  not  be  lost 
or  damaged  they  are  agreeable  to  Genl  orders  lately  Issued  to 
be  delivred  to  the  Regimental  QRMasters  &  by  them  without 
delay  to  the  Commissary  of  Military  Stores,  &  never  Carried 
with  the  Sick  to  the  Hospitals. 

There  will  be  A  Discharge  of  Musquettry  this  Afternoon  at 
4  OClock  at  the  burial  of  an  Officer  of  Genl  Maxwells  Brig- 
ade, the  Flag  which  was  to  have  gone  to  the  Enemy  to  day, 
will  Set  off  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock  from  the  Qrtrs  of 
the  Commissary  Genl  of  Provisions. 


November  13th  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

This  Instant  it  is  Suggested  that  many  of  the  men  mount 
Guard  daily,  make  a  verry  unsoldier  like  appearance,  the  adju- 
tants &  Brigade  Majrs  will  be  respectively  answerable  hence 
forward  for  to  bring  no  men  to  the  Parade,  whose  appearance 
is  not  as  decent  as  his  Circumstances  will  admit,  having  his 
beard  Shaved,  hair  Comb'd,  face  wash'd  &  his  Cloaths  put  on 
in  the  best  manner  in  his  power,  as  this  order  is  extended  the 
Brigade  Majors  I  apprehend  is  to  Caution  the  Adjutants  to 
bring  the  details  from  their  Respective  Regts  in  this  order,  & 
if  not  Comply'd  with  it  then  becomes  the  Brigade  Majrs  duty 
to  Report  or  put  under  Arrest  the  Adjutant  in  fault,  it  is  there- 
fore Strictly  Required  to  Report  Such  Adjutant  in  every  in- 
stance who  do  not  Comply  with  this  order,  in  like  manner  to 
Report  Such  Adjutants  who  furnish  their  detail  for  Picquett.5 


242  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

without  Cartridges  Sufficient  to  mount  with  these  Gentlemen 
may  order  their  Serjeant  Majors  to  See  this  duty  done,  but  does 
not  Justify  its  not  being  Comply'd  wTith. 

The  Brigadier  is  verry  Sorry  to  Observe  that  there  is  A 
General  neglect  in  the  Adjutants  Department  in  point  of  Ap- 
plying for  orders  except  Col.  Richardsons  Adjutant  who  alone 
Condescends  to  Apply  for  them,  it  is  expected  this  admonition 
will  after  the  practice;  If  Cartridges  are  wanting  an  order  will 
be  given  on  the  Park  on  Application;  The  Adjutant  General 
has  Complained  of  the  Field  Officers  appointed  from  this  Brig- 
ade for  Picquetts  not  attending,  it  may  not  be  Improper  to 
Remark  that  there  is  not  only  neglect  in  them,  but  perhaps  the 
Adjutants,  in  Complying  or  Destributing  the  orders  in  their 
Respective  Regiments. 


Head  Qrtrs  White  March  Novmbr  14th  1777 

General  Orders 

Major  General  for  tomorrow  Green. 

Brigadier  Maxwell,  Field  Officer  Lt.  Col.  Barber,  For  Pic- 
quett  Majr.  Miller,  Brigade  Major  Mullen. — An  Officer  of 
the  North  Carolina  Brigade  is  to  be  Buried  this  afternoon  at  4 
OClock  with  Military  Honours;  The  Brigadiers  &  Officers 
Commanding  Brigades,  who  have  not  Compleated  their  Cloath- 
ing  Returns  According  to  Genl  orders  of  the  9th  Inst  are  to 
do  it  without  delay,  &  all  the  Brigadiers  &  Officers  Command- 
ing Brigades  are  to  meet  together  to  morrow  at  Genl  Hunt- 
ing's Quarters  to  Compare  the  wants  of  their  Brigades  &  agree 
on  the  manner  in  which  the  Cloathing  Shall  be  destributed,  the 
wants  of  Col.  Morgans  Regt  &  others  not  included  in  the 
Brigade  Returns  are  to  be  in  like  manner  Considred,  Mr.  Rim- 
sier  the  Deputy  Cloathier  Genl  is  to  attend  the  meeting  &  take 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  243 

the  directions  of  the  board,  for  the  present  &  further  distri- 
bution, A  Considerable  Quantity  of  Cloathing  being  on  hand 
it  is  the  highest  importance  that  this  order  be  executed  with 
the  greatest  punctuality. 

The  Court  of  Inquiry  held  the  nth  Inst  whereof  Col. 
Breardly  was  President  relative  to  the  Complaint  of  Joseph 
Chambers  late  Commissary  to  Genl  Greens  Division  against 
Col.  Joseph  Parker  for  ordering  A  Serjt  And  file  of  men  to 
whip  Said  Chambers,  made  the  following  Report  Viz: — 

As  Col.  Parker  owns  the  fact  the  Court  after  hearing  the 
evidence  produced  by  him  in  his  defence  are  unanimously  of 
opinion,  That  however  Negligent  the  Commissary  might  have 
been  in  the  Discharging  of  the  duty  of  his  department,  yet 
Col.  Parker  was  by  no  means  warrantable  to  inflict  private 
punishment  upon  him,  that  the  punishment  was  Illegal  &  his 
Conduct  highly  Reprehensible  as  being  Subversive  of  Good 
order  and  Discipline. 

Such  Brigades  as  Choose  to  have  their  flower  baked  in  good 
bread  may  have  it  done  by  Sending  it  with  two  Bakers  from 
their  Brigades  Respectively  to  Leonard  Stone  Burners  next  to 
Chewshouse  in  Germantown  where  the  Baker  General  will 
Superintend  the  Work. 


Advertisement 

Novmbr   14th   1777 
The  Riding  horse  and  wearing  apparell  of  Majr  White  late 
Aid-de-Camp  to  Genl  Sullivan  will  be  Sold  to  morrow  at  12 
OClock  at  Genl  Sullivans  Qrtrs. 


244  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Qrtrs  White  March  Novmbr  15th  1777 

General  Orders 

Major  General  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier 
Wayne,  Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Gray  Majr  Slaughter,  Brigade 
Majr  Alder,  the  detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday. — Hence  for- 
ward &  untill  further  orders  the  Sick  are  to  be  Sent  to  Buck- 
ingham meeting  house,  with  A  Suitable  number  of  orderly  men 
to  attend  them ;  the  troops  are  to  be  immediately  Supplied  with 
two  days  provisions  exclusive  of  this  day,  one  of  which  at  least 
to  be  Cook'd,  no  Officer  or  Soldier  is  to  be  absent  from  Camp 
but  ready  for  duty  at  A  moments  warning;  No  Scouting  party 
on  any  pretence  whatsoever  unless  Sent  for  that  purpose  is  to 
Seize  Horses,  Cattle,  or  other  property  belonging  to  the  Inhab- 
itants under  the  plea  of  taking  these  things  within  the  enemies 
lines; — Great  &  erroneous  abuses  are  Committed  and  Infringe- 
ments, therefore  A  Disobedience  of  these  Orders  in  either  Offi- 
cers or  Soldiers  will  be  punished  with  the  utmost  Rigor,  Com- 
plaint has  been  made  of  the  Irregularities  in  point  of  time  with 
which  the  Horse  mount  Guard,  the  Commander  in  Chief 
expects  they  will  parade  with  more  punctuality  for  the  future, 
he  also  desires  that  the  Cols  of  those  Regts  which  have  more 
horses  than  men,  would  immedietly  furnish  by  way  of  Loan 
the  others  that  are  in  want  of  Horses  that  men  may  be 
mounted  &  the  publick  not  unnecessarily  burthen'd. 

After  Orders 

One  Subaltern  1  Serjt  1  Corpl  &  17  privates  of  the  1st 
Maryland  Brigade,  are  to  parade  on  the  Grand  parade  pre- 
cisely at  4  OClock  this  afternoon  with  their  Arms  &c  to  go 
on  detachment  for  A  number  of  Days,  Provision  will  be  Sent 
after  them  to  morrow. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  245 

Head  Qrtrs  White  March  Novr  16th  1777 
General  Orders 

Brigadier  Smallwood,  Field  Officer  Col.  Fibiger,  Majr 
Skull,  Brigade  Majr  Parker;  Detail  as  Yesterday,  A  large 
Quantity  of  Materials  for  Cartridges  have  been  Issued  &  few 
Cartridges  Returned  to  the  Commissary  of  military  Stores; 
Returns  are  to  be  made  to  morrow  afternoon  by  each  Brigade 
of  the  number  of  Cartridges  in  their  possession,  the  Returns 
are  to  Show  the  number  in  each  Regt  how  many  are  in  the 
hands  of  the  Soldiers,  &  where  the  residue  are  Deposited. 


Novmbr  16th  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

The  Commandants  of  Regts  are  Requested  to  examine  the 
State  of  and  have  the  arms  in  their  Respective  Regts  put  in  the 
best  order,  &  make  Returns  of  the  number  of  Cartridges  on 
hand,  &  apply  for  orders  on  the  Commissary  of  Millitary 
Stores  to  Compleat  40  Rounds,  &  the  Commandants  of  the 
Militia  in  like  manner  to  Compleat  to  23  Rounds; 

Weekly  Returns  have  not  been  yet  Generally  Rendred ;  the 
Officers  are  Required  to  make  out  lists  of  their  Companies 
Clothing  &  examine  once  or  twice  A  week  into  the  State  of 
the  same  to  prevent  the  waste  or  Sale  thereof  agreeable  to  the 
requisition  of  A  Genl  order  issued  on  the  1 2th  Inst;  the  Capts 
of  Militia  Companies  are  to  inspect  frequently  their  mens 
Cartridge  Boxes,  to  prevent  the  waste  or  embezzlement  of 
the  amunition,  The  Col.  or  Commandants  will  appoint  an 
Officer  from  each  Regt  to  attend  at  the  Clothier  Genls  at  10 
OClock  in  the  morning  to  Receive  their  proportion  of  Cloath- 
ing:  which  are  to  be  distributed  to  morrow. 


246  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Head  Qrtrs  White  March  Novnbr  17th  1777 

General  Orders 

Major  Genl  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier  Scott; 
Field  Officers  Col.  Summers  Majr  Lidquish,  Brigade  Majr 
from  Genl  Scotts  Brigade,  Detail  the  Same  as  yesterday  80 
men  with  1  Capt  4  Subs  8  Serjts  &  Corporals  to  parade  at 
1  OClock  this  day  to  Relieve  the  Residue  of  the  Guard,  two 
Brigades  under  marching  orders  not  having  Sent  their  Quotas 
in  the  morning;  Some  Officers  yet  remaining  untried  &  many 
prisoners  in  the  provost,  Brigade  Court  martials  are  to  be  held 
for  trying  them  without  delay. 

No  pass  is  to  be  given  to  anyone  to  go  into  Philadelphia,  but 
by  the  Majr  Genl  of  the  day,  who  will  not  grant  them  with- 
out due  examination  &  upon  the  most  Necessary  Occations;  At 
the  Request  of  Col.  Price  A  Court  of  inquiry  is  to  Sit  to  in- 
quire into  his  conduct  on  Sundry  occations  to  morrow  forenoon 
at  10  OClock,  at  the  Tavern  next  to  Col.  Biddies  Qrtrs,  all 
persons  who  have  any  assertions  or  any  Complaints  to  make 
against  him,  or  know  any  thing  amiss  in  his  past  Conduct  are 
desired  to  appear  &  declare  the  Same  before  the  Said  Court; 
Cols.  Hartley,  &  Humpton  &  Lt.  Col.  Craig  are  appointed 
members  of  this  Court. 

Col.  Summers  is  appointed  field  Officers  of  the  day  for  to 
morrow  in  the  Room  of  Lt.  Col.  Pope  who  is  absent. 


Head  Qrs  White  March  Novmbr  18th  1777 

General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green,  Brigadier  from  North 
Carolian  Brigade  Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Patten,  Majr 
Vaughen,  Brigade  Majr  Stodert,  Detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  247 

The  Goverment  of  Pensylvania  having  appointed  Commis- 
sioners in  each  County  thereof  to  Collect  Blankets  &  Cloathing 
for  the  army;  all  Officers  Sent  Round  in  the  State  for  that 
purpose  are  by  their  Commanding  officers  to  be  called  in  as 
Soon  as  possible  with  what  Cloathing  they  have. 

A  Detachment  equal  to  the  Dailey  Guard  to  parade  tomor- 
row morning  at  ^2  past  3  OClock  precisely  on  the  Grand 
parade,  with  one  days  provision  Ready  Cook'd  the  Brigade 
Majrs  will  have  their  men  drawn  out  at  Retreat  beating  today, 
&  See  that  they  are  properly  warn'd  for  that  duty,  Col.  Joseph 
Carvel  Hall  will  Command  the  Detachment,  &  under  him  Lt. 
Col.  Burr  &  Majr  Adams.  The  Remains  of  the  late  Capt. 
Foster  of  the  15th  Virga  Regt  will  be  interred  this  afternoon 
at  4  OClock  with  the  Honours  of  War,'  Richard  Clayburn 
Esqr.  is  appointed  Brigade  Majr  to  Genl  Weedens  Brigade  & 
is  to  be  obeyed  as  Such. 


Head  Qrs  Novmbr  19th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Woodford, 
Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Woolford  Majr  West,  Brigade  Majr 
Williams.  The  Pensylvania  Field  Officers  are  immedietly  to 
bring  in  their  old  Commissions  &  Receive  new  ones. 

The  Genl  Officers  are  to  assemble  to  morrow  at  10  OClock 
at  Genl  Huntingtons  Qrs  to  Settle  the  Rank  of  the  Field 
officers  of  Horse,  who  are  to  attend  this  Board  of  Genl  Officers 
&  exhibit  their  respective  Claims — all  the  arms  unfit  for  Service 
deposited  in  the  different  Regts  &  Corps  are  to  be  Sent  to  the 
Commissary  of  Military  Stores  who  will  have  them  Repaired. 


248  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Head  Qrs  Novmbr  20  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier  Max- 
well, Field  Officers  Col.  Richardson  Major  of  the  5th  North 
Carolina  Regt  Brigade  Majr  M  Gowen,  Lt.  John  Marshall  is 
by  the  Judge  Advocate  Genl  Appointed  D.  Judge  Advocate  in 
the  army  of  the  United  States  And  is  to  be  respected  as  Such, 
James  Munro  Esqr.  formerly  appointed  Aid-de-Camp  to  Lord 
Sterling,  is  now  appointed  A.  D.  C  to  his  Lordship  in  the 
Room  of  Majr  Wilcocks  who  Resighned  the  20th  Octbr  &  is 
to  be  Respected  as  Such;  Mr.  Wm  M  Joy  is  appointed  Pay- 
master to  the  9th  Virga  Regt  &  is  to  be  Respected  as  Such. 
The  Clothier  Genl  has  Received  about  400  Blankets  the  Sev- 
eral Brigades  are  to  Send  for  their  Quotas  of  them.  Before 
the  Sick  are  Removed  application  is  to  be  made  to  Doctr  Coch- 
ran or  other  Directors  to  the  Hospitals  for  directions  unless  the 
places  where  they  are  to  be  Sent  are  previously  pointed  out  in 
Genl  orders;  no  more  Sick  men  to  be  Sent  to  Buckingham 
meeting  house  to  take  Care  of  the  Sick;  the  Serjt  &  12  men 
are  to  parade  at  Doctr  Cocharn's  Qrs  at  Mr.  Wests  house 
precisely  at  4  OClock  in  the  afternoon  &  apply  to  him  for  or- 
ders; A  Genl  Court  Martial  of  which  Lt.  Col.  Barber  was 
president  held  the  15th  Inst  &  proceeded  to  the  tryal  of  Ens. 
Clement  Wood  of  the  4th  Jersey  Regt  Charged  with  absenting 
himself  for  upwards  of  3  months  from  the  Regt  without  leave 
&  also  of  Disobedience  of  orders,  the  Court  determin'd  that 
Ens.  Wood  is  Guilty  of  the  Charge  exhibited  against  him,  that 
he  be  dismissed  the  Service  &  that  he  Receive  pay  no  longer 
than  the  time  he  Received  orders  of  Lt.  Col.  Brearly,  which 
was  on  the  4th  Octbr  1777. 

The  Commander  in  Chief  approves  of  the  Sentence  &  orders 
it  to  be  put  in  execution  immediately;  A  Genl  Court  Martial 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  249 

of  which  Majr  Genl  Sullivan  was  president  held  the  3rd  Inst 
&  divers  other  days  to  the  17th  Inst  inclusive  for  the  tryal  of 
Majr  Genl  Stevens,  charged  with  first  Unofficerlike  behaviour 
on  the  march  from  the  Clove,  Secondly  his  unofficerlike  be- 
haviour in  the  Action  of  Brandewine  &  Germantown,  thirdly 
Drunkeness,  the  Court  declare  their  opinion  &  Sentence  as  fol- 
lows; The  Court  having  Considered  the  Charges  against  Majr 
Genl  Stevens  are  of  opinion  that  he  is  guilty  of  unofficerlike 
behaviour  in  the  Retreat  from  Germantown,  owing  to  inatten- 
tion or  want  of  Judgement  &  that  he  has  been  frequently  In- 
toxicated since  in  the  Service  to  the  prejudice  of  Good  order  & 
discipline  &  Contrary  to  the  9th  Article  of  the  18th  Section  of 
the  articles  of  war,  therefore  Sentence  him  to  be  dismissed  from 
the  Service;  they  find  him  not  guilty  of  any  other  crime  he 
was  Charg'd  with,  &  therefore  acquit  him  as  to  all  others  ex- 
cept the  two  before  mentioned,  the  Commander  in  Chief  ap- 
proves the  Sentence. 


Head  Qrs  White  March  Novmbr  21st  1777 
General  Orders 

Major  General  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Wayne, 
Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Burr,  Majr  Adams  Brigade  Majr 
Hitchcock,  Detail  the  Same  as  Yesterday;  Those  paymasters  of 
Regts  that  have  drawn  pay  for  any  Officer  or  Soldier  in  Col. 
Morgan's  Rifle  Corps  are  immediately  to  pay  the  Sum  over  to 
the  Paymaster  of  that  Corps;  A  Detachment  of  80  men  with 
proper  Officers  are  to  parade  at  3  OClock  this  afternoon  on  the 
Grand  parade. 

Complaints  are  made  that  by  the  Carelissness  of  the  Butchers 
the  Hydes  are  greatly  Damaged  in  taking  them  off,  the  Issuing 
Commissaries  are  enjoined  daily  to  inspect  the  Butchers  they 


250  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

imploy  &  See  that  they  take  off  the  Hydes  with  proper  Care 
No  more  coming  out  of  Philada  is  to  be  allow'd  to  pass  the 
first  Guards  without  being  told  that  they  Cannot  Return  again, 
if  upon  being  inform'd  of  this,  they  chuse  to  come  out,  they  are 
to  be  permitted  to  pass  the  Guards  into  the  Country,  the  Genl 
of  Horse  will  give  this  in  Charge  to  all  parties  &  patroles  of 
Horse.  The  Officers  of  the  Day  Report  that  Sentries  from  the 
Picquetts  keep  fires  by  them,  this  dangerous  practice  is  abso- 
lutely forbid,  And  all  Officers  of  Guards  are  without  fail  to 
Visit  all  their  Sentries  between  every  relief  to  See  that  they  are 
allert  &  keep  no  fires,  &  in  cold  &  bad  weather  they  are  to 
Relieve  the  Sentries  every  hour,  they  are  also  to  see  that  the 
Sentries  are  well  inform'd  of  their  duty,  &  to  instruct  Such  as 
are  deficient. — Advertisement  Lost  last  evening  near  Col.  Bid- 
die's  Qrs  A  pair  of  Seven  barrel  Silver  mounted  Pistols,  the 
locks  on  the  tops  of  the  Barrells,  whoever  will  bring  them  to 
Genl  Waynes  or  Col.  Biddies  Qrs  Shall  Receive  8  Dollars  Re- 
ward. 


Novmbr  21st   1777 
Division  Orders 

A  Court  of  inquiry  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at  10  OClock 
in  Such  place  as  the  president  Shall  appoint  to  enquire  into  the 
Conduct  of  Lt.  John  Skinner,  of  the  7th  Maryland  Regt  at  the 
battle  of  Brandewine  And  also  into  the  behaviour  of  Lt.  Jona- 
than Morris  of  the  Same  Regt  in  the  Action  of  Germantown 
Majr  Vaughan  of  the  Delaware  Regt  President  1  Capt  &  A 
Subaltern  as  Members.  All  persons  Conscerned  will  give  at- 
tendance. 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  251 

Head  Qrs  White  March  Novr  22nd  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier  Small- 
wood,  Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Ford,  Majr  Lockart  Brigade 
Majr  Barber;  Detail  as  yesterday.  The  Genl  Court  Martial 
of  the  line  of  which  Col.  Grayson  is  president  is  to  Sit  to  mor- 
row morning  at  10  OClock  at  the  house  where  Genl  Hunting- 
tons  Qrs  for  the  tryal  of  all  prisoners  which  Shall  be  brought 
before  them,  an  orderly  Serjeant  from  each  Brigade  to  attend 
the  Court,  Lt.  Col.  Heath,  Lt.  Col.  Barker,  &  Majr  Taylor 
&  A  Captain  from  each  Continental  Brigade  to  attend  the 
Court  as  members  all  the  Genl  Officers  present  in  Camp  are 
desired  to  meet  at  Lord  Sterling's  Qrs  to  morrow  at  10  OClock 
in  the  forenoon  to  Settle  the  Rank  of  the  Field  Officers  of 
Horse,  who  are  to  attend  the  board  &  exhibit  their  Respective 
claims,  The  Brigades  commanded  by  Genl  Patterson,  &  Leon- 
ard are  to  form  A  Division,  under  the  Command  of  Majr  Genl 
the  Baron  de  Kalb.  The  Horses  taken  yesterday  by  the  Scout- 
ing party  commanded  by  Col.  Bosrit,  assisted  by  A  party  of 
our  light  Horse,  are  all  to  be  brought  to  the  QRMGenls 
Quarters  tomorrow  morning  at  10  OClock,  &  Sold  at  Publick 
vendue,  the  produce  of  the  Sale  is  immediately  to  be  divided  by 
the  Quarter  Master  Genl  Between  the  Captors. 

After  Orders 

Lt.  Col.  Smith  will  detach  from  the  troops  under  his  Com- 
mand 1  Capt.  2  Subs  &  50  Privates  to  be  Ready  to  march  this 
afternoon  precisely  at  4  OClock  with  one  days  provisions 
Cook'd,  Capt  Jarvis  will  Command  the  Detachment  &  apply 
immediately  to  Col.  Biddle  Forrage  Master  Genl  for  A  Guide 
&   further  directions;  A   Subaltern   of   Horse  with    12    Light 


252  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Dragoons  will  parade  at  Col.  Biddle's  Qrtrs  precisely  at  4 
OClock  tomorrow  morning,  where  orders  will  be  Ready  for 
the  Subaltern.  

Novmbr  22nd  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Division  is  to  be  Ready  to  march  in  the  morning  at 
day  light  with  such  provisions  as  they  have  on  hand,  the  tents 
are  to  be  left  Standing,  no  Blankets  are  to  be  Carried,  as  the 
troops  will  return  again  in  the  evening,  as  Soon  as  the  Division 
is  form'd  they  are  to  march  off  from  their  left  in  Sub  divisions 
on  the  main  Road  leading  to  Germantown. 


Head  Qrtrs  White  March  Novmbr  23  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Scott,  Field 
Officer  Lt.  Col.  Powell,  Lt.  Col.  Lytell  Brigade  Major  Rid- 
ley,— The  Court  of  enquiry  held  the  18th  Inst  of  which  Col. 
Humpton  was  President  to  inquire  into  the  Conduct  of  Col. 
Price  of  the  2nd  Maryland  Regt  Report  as  follows  Viz: 

The  Court  after  Considering  the  evidences  against  &  for 
him  are  of  opinion  that  the  Reports  Circulating  to  the  preju- 
dice of  Col.  Price  are  without  the  least  foundation ;  The  Genl 
Court  Martial  of  the  line  ordred  to  Sit  today,  is  to  Sit  tomor- 
row morning  at  10  OClock,  at  General  Huntington's  Quar- 
ters.   

Head  Qrtrs  Novmbr  24th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier,  Irvin, 
Field  Officer  Col.  Price  Majr  Polk — Brigade  Majr  Parker. — 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  253 

Information  having  been  given  that  divers  of  the  late  Sutlers  & 
Some  of  the  Inhabitants  have  opened  tipling  houses  in  &  adja- 
cent to  the  Camp  of  the  Army  by  which  the  desighn  of  ban- 
ishing Sutlers  from  the  Army  is  in  a  Great  measure  frustrated ; 
The  D  QR  Masters  is  required  forthwith  to  make  deligent 
inquiry  &  examination  in  discovering  Such  houses  &  Suppress- 
ing them,  &  assure  all  Such  as  have  driven  Such  a  pernicious 
trade  that  if  continued  any  longer  their  Liquors  Shall  be 
Seized,  &  they  expell'd  from  the  Neighbourhood  of  the  army 
on  pain  of  the  Severest  punishment  if  they  Return. — The  legis- 
lative of  New  Jersey  having  made  provision  for  Supplying 
their  troops  with  Cloaths  &  Blankets,  all  officers  Sent  thither 
for  the  purpose  of  Collecting  Cloaths  are  by  their  Commanding 
officer  to  be  immediatelv  recalled. 


Camp  White  Marsh  Novmbr  25th  1777 
Regimental  Orders 

That  the  muster  Rolls  for  the  month  of  November  be  imme- 
diately made  out,  and  Ready  for  the  Muster  Master  by  the 
30th  of  this  Inst.  That  each  Commander  of  a  Company  have 
a  roll  of  the  Necessaries  each  man  is  at  this  time  possessed  of, 
&  what  Quality,  &  that  an  examination  into  Such  necessaries 
be  made  at  least  once  a  Week. 


Head  Qrtrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  25th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  De  Kalb,  Brigadier  Woodford,  Field  Officers 
Col.  Hanson,  Lt.  Col.  Smith  Brigade  Majr  Stodart. 

For  the  information  of  the  troops  lately  arrived  in  Camp, 
the  Genl  orders  issued  Sometime  Since  is  Repeated  that  Tattoo 
is  not  to  be  beaten  in  Camp. 


254  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

White  Marsh  Novmbr  25th  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

A  Brigade  Court  martial  whereof  Col.  Richardson  is  Presi- 
dent, Consisting  of  6  Captains  &  6  Subalterns  is  ordred  to  Sit 
this  evening  at  3  OClock  on  Lt.  Skinner  Charg'd  with  mis- 
conduct in  the  Action  of  Brandewine,  &  on  Lt.  Morris  Charg'd 
with  misconduct  at  the  action  of  Germantown  both  of  the  7th 
Maryland  Regt  to  morrow  at  10  OClock  the  Said  Court  is 
Required  to  proceed  to  the  Tryal  of  all  prisoners  belonging  to 
this  Brigade  now  under  Confinement.  Col.  Gunby  2  Capts  2 
Subs  are  to  compose  a  Court  of  inquiry,  to  inquire  into  the 
Conduct  of  Lt.  Hilmot  of  the  3d  Maryland  Regt  Charg'd  by 
Capt.  Maxwell  of  the  2nd  Jersey  Regt  with  having  possession 
of  A  parcell  of  Sd  Maxwells  Baggage  which  never  has  been 
rendred  or  Accounted  for  to  him,  this  Court  is  to  Sit  at  3 
OClock. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  26th  1777 

General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Maxwell, 
Field  Officer  Lt.  Malcom,  Noah  Cato  Majr  Brigade  Majr 
Paterson ; — If  any  Gentleman  of  the  Army  can  give  informa- 
tion to  the  General  of  Shoes,  Stockings,  or  leather  breeches  in 
Quantities  he  will  be  exceedingly  oblidg'd  to  them,  &  will  like- 
wise be  oblidg'd  to  any  Gentleman  officer  for  recommending 
proper  persons  to  be  employed  in  Collecting  those  Articles. 

General  Smallwood  &  the  Colonells  of  the  Maryland  Regts 
are  to  meet  to  morrow  morning  at  9  OClock  at  Genl  Small- 
woods  Qrs  to  state  as  far  as  they  can  the  Rank  of  the  other 
Officers  in  those  Regts  &  the  dates  which  their  Commissions 
ought  to  bear,  where  there  are  Compositions  for  Rank  among 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  255 

the  Cols  they  are  to  Settle  their  Claims;  The  money  for  the 
payment  of  the  Army  for  Septr  is  expected  every  moment,  the 
Regimental  Paymasters  are  immediately  to  make  out  their  ab- 
stracts for  Octbr  &  deliver  them  to  the  Paymaster  Genl  for 
examination ;  As  an  alteration  in  the  payment  of  Rations  is 
now  under  Consideration  of  Congress  it  is  Recommended  to 
the  Commanding  Officers  of  Regts  not  to  add  their  Ration 
Accts  to  their  Pay  rolls  untill  the  determination  is  known  it 
will  be  signified  in  Genl  orders.  The  Paymaster  Genl  has 
complain'd  of  the  Slovenly  careless  manner  in  which  Some 
Captains  make  out  their  Pay  Rolls;  Regimental  Paymasters 
are  not  to  Receive  any  but  Such  as  is  made  out  fair  &  agree- 
able to  a  Coppy  sometime  Since  given  by  the  Paymaster  Genl, 
which  the  Regimental  Paymasters  are  to  furnish  Such  Cap- 
tains; which  have  not  already  Received  the  Same;  No  Regi- 
mental Paymaster  is  to  leave  the  Service  without  first  applying 
to  the  Commander  in  Chief,  or  any  new  paymaster  appointed 
without  his  approbation. 


Camp  at  White  Marsh  Novmbr  27th  1777 

Proceedings  of  A  Regimental  Court  Martial  held  this  day 
by  order  of  Col.  David  Hall  for  Such  Prisoners  as  may  be 
brought  before  them. 

Cord  Hazzard  Capt.  President 
Lt.  Quenouault  1  I  Lt.  Bratten 

Lt.  Duff  J  ( Lt.  Jos  Wilds 

Prisoners  Crime — Wm  Howell  of  Capt.  Hazards  Compy 
Confin'd  by  order  of  Majr  Vaughen  for  abusing  Serjt  Thomp- 
son, Pleads  Guilty  but  says  he  was  headdy,  &  was  Rather  rash 
in  contradicting  Serjt  Thompson;  Evidence — Serjt  Thompson 
being  duely  Sworn  deposeth  that  the  prisoner  yesterday  evening 


256  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

on  Parade  was  told  by  him  to  incline  to  the  left  &  Join  his 
Compy  he  told  him  he  would  not,  upon  which  the  Serjt  Shov'd 
him  in  his  place,  the  Prisoner  then  called  him  a  Chuckleheaded 
Son  of  a  bitch,  the  Court  after  Considering  the  nature  of  the 
offence  And  evidence,  are  of  opinion  that  the  Prisoner  is  Guilty 
of  a  Breach  of  the  15th  Artcle  of  the  18th  Section  of  the  Arti- 
cles of  War  &  do  Sentince  him  to  Receive  20  Lashes  for  abus- 
ing the  Serjt  &  10  for  being  disguised  in  Liquor.  John  Blake 
&  Thos  Giles  Confin'd  by  Lt.  Rhodes  Blake  for  giving  Giles 
his  Shirt  &  Giles  for  Selling  it;  Both  pleads  guilty  but  Blake 
Sais  it  was  A  Shirt  he  brought  from  home  with  him  &  that  he 
had  three  more;  the  Court  are  of  opinion  they  are  Guilty  of  A 
breach  of  the  3d  Article  of  the  12th  Sect,  of  the  Articles  of 
War  &  do  Sentence  Blake  to  Receive  39  Lashes  &  Thos  Giles 
30  on  the  bare  back. 

The  above  Sentence  approv'd  omitting  24  of  Blakes  &  18  of 

Giles-  D.  Hall 

Col.  D  R 


Head  Qrs  Novmbr  27th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  to  morrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier  Patter- 
son, Field  Officers  Col.  Bailey  Lt.  Col.  Cobb  Brigade  majr 
Williams,  A  Detachment  of  300  men  to  parade  to  morrow 
morning  on  the  Grand  Parade  precisely  at  half  past  3  OClock 
Col.  Hall,  Lt.  Col.  Craig,  &  Majr  Taylor  are  appointed  field 
officers  for  the  Detachment.  A  Detachment  of  100  men  to  be 
under  the  Command  of  Capt.  M  Lane  are  to  Parade  to  mor- 
row morning  at  Sun  Rise  on  the  Grand  Parade  with  one  or 
two  days  provisions  &  Boxes  full  of  Amunition  they  will  be 
absent  from  Camp  one  week  near  the  Enemies  lines. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   K1RKW00D  257 

White  Marsh  Novmbr  28th  1777 
Brigade  Orders 

The  Commandants  of  Regular  &  Militia  Regts  are  requested 
to  Render  Returns  immediately  of  Such  Arms  &  Accoutrements 
as  are  wanting  that  they  may  be  Supplied  to  morrow  morning. 
The  Brigadier  is  sorry  to  find  the  Arms  in  Such  bad  order. 


Novmbr  28th  1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Commanding  Officers  of  Corps  is  to  See  that  their  mens 
arms  are  in  proper  order  that  they  be  furnished  with  Cartridges 
Sufficient  to  fill  their  Boxes,  &  that  each  Regt  have  in  reserve 
A  Sufficient  number  of  Cartridges  to  compleat  them  to  40 
Rounds,  Ready  to  be  delivered  at  a  moments  Warning,  the 
Reserve  Cartridges  not  to  be  deliv'd  out  without  Special  orders, 
unless  the  approach  of  the  Enemy  is  announced  by  three  pieces 
of  Cannon  from  the  Artillery  Park,  the  Soldiers  are  to  have 
one  days  provision  Cook'd  by  them  from  day  to  Day;  the 
Officers  to  be  perticularly  attentive  to  these  orders,  &  see  that 
they  are  carried  into  execution.  No  Officer  or  Soldier  to  be 
out  of  Camp  upon  any  pretence  whatsoever. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  28th  1777 

General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  De  Kalb,  Brigadier  Learned,  Field 
Officers  Col.  Gunby,  &  Majr  Hogg  Brigade  Majr  M  Cleave. 
A  Genl  Court  Martial  hel'd  the  24th  Inst  of  which  Col.  Gray- 
son was  President,  Major  Ross  Charged  with  leaving  his  arms 
in  the  field  in  the  Action  of  the  4th  Octbr  near  Germantown 


258  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

was  tried  &  Acquitted  with  the  highest  honour ;  the  Commander 
in  Cheif  approves  the  Courts  Judgment,  &  orders  Majr  Ross 
releas'd  from  his  Arrest. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  29th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Wayne;  Field 
Officers  Col.  Marshall  Lt.  Col.  Caryle  Brigade  Majr  M  Clin- 
ton— The  Commanding  Officers  are  to  See  that  their  mens 
Arms  are  put  in  the  best  order  possible,  &  the  loaded  Arms 
Such  as  Cannot  be  drawn  to  be  Discharged  the  first  fair  day  at 
1 1  OClock  in  the  fore  noon,  &  them  that  can  be  drawn  to  be 
drawn  immediately,  to  prevent  the  want  of  lead  the  men  of 
each  Regt  or  Brigade  are  to  Discharge  their  pieces  into  A  bank 
of  dirt  from  whence  the  lead  may  be  taken  again,  A  Court  on 
inquiry  is  to  Sit  tomorrow  morning  at  9  OClock  at  Col.  Gists 
Qrtrs  to  inquire  into  the  conduct  of  Capt.  Edward  Scull  of 
the  4th  Pensulvania  Regt. 

In  ordering  the  Paymaster  of  that  Regt.  to  pay  Capt.  Wicks 
a  Sum  of  money  for  A  purpose  Suggested  to  be  Unwarrantable, 
Col.  Gist  President  of  this  Court,  Lt.  Col.  Barber  &  Majr 
Ross  members;  Col.  Spencer  is  appointed  President  &  Majr 
Byard  &  A  Capt  of  Col.  Lees  Regt  members  of  A  Court  of 
inquiry  into  the  Conduct  of  Lt.  Reynolds  of  Col.  Malcolms 
Regt  for  Abusing  Danl  Whesserly  Esqr.  &  other  persons  on 
the  2nd  Augst  last  as  exhibited  in  their  Deposition. 


Head  Qrs  White  Marsh  Novmbr  30th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr   Genl    for   to   morrow   Green,    Brigadier   Smallwood, 
Field    Officers   Col.   Coatland   &   Majr   Smith    of   5th   Maryd 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKIVOOD  259 

Regt  Brigade  Majr  of  Learnerds  Brigade,  Detail  the  Same  as 
yesterday,  On  the  25th  Novembr  the  Honourable  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  passed  the  following  Resolution,  Resolved  that 
Genl  Washington  be  directed  to  publish  in  Genl  orders  that 
Congress  will  Speedily  take  into  Consideration  the  merits  of 
Such  Officers  as  have  distinguished  them  Selves  by  their  in- 
trepidity &  attention  to  the  Health  &  discipline  of  their  men, 
&  adopt  Such  Regulations  as  Shall  tend  to  introduce  order  & 
good  Discipline  into  the  army  &  to  Render  the  Situation  of  the 
Officers  &  Soldiers  with  Respect  to  their  Cloathing  &  other 
Necessaries  more  eligible  then  it  has  hitherto  been;  Forasmuch 
as  it  is  the  indispensible  duty  of  all  men  to  adore  the  Superin- 
tending Providence  of  Almighty  God ;  to  acknowledge  with 
Gratitude  their  obligations  to  him  for  benefits  Received  &  to 
implore  Such  further  blessings  as  they  Stand  in  need  of,  And 
it  having  pleased  him  in  his  Abundant  Mercies;  Not  only  to 
Continue  to  us  the  innumerable  bounties  of  his  Common  Provi- 
dence, but  also  to  Smile  upon  us  in  the  prosecution  of  Just  and 
present  War,  for  the  Defence  of  our  infallable  Rights,  &  Lib- 
erties, Its  therefore  Recommended  by  Congress  that  Thursday 
the  1 8th  day  of  December  next  be  Set  apart  for  Solemn  thanks- 
giving &  praise ;  that  at  one  time  &  with  on  one  Voice  the 
Good  People  may  express  their  Gratefull  feelings  of  their 
hearts  &  Consecrate  themselves  to  the  Service  of  their  Divine 
Benefactor,  &  that  together  with  their  Sincere  Acknowledge- 
ments &  offerings  they  may  Join  their  penitent  Confession  of 
their  lives,  &  Supplications  for  Such  further  Blessings  as  they 
Stand  in  need  of ;  The  Chaplains  will  take  proper  notice  of  this 
recommendation  that  the  day  of  Thanksgiving  may  be  duely 
observed  in  the  Army  Agreeable  to  the  Intention  of  Congress ; 
The  Regimental   Paymasters  are  to  Call  upon  the  Paymaster 


260  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Genl  &  Receive  the  pay  for  the  month  of  September,  those  who 
have  delivered  in  their  abstracts  for  the  month  of  October,  may 
Receive  for  that  month  also. 


Camp  White  Marsh  Novr  30th  1777 

Proceedings  of  A   Regimental   Court   Martial   of   the   Del. 
Regt  Commanded  by  Col.  David  Hall  &  by  his  order. 
Capt.  John  President. 
Lt.  Rhodes  ]  [  Lt.  Brown 

Ens.  Berry  j  {  Ens.  Campbell. 

The  Court  having  met  according  to  order  proceeded  to  Buis- 
ness,  When  Martenius  Sipple  of  Capt.  Mores  Compy  was 
brought  before  them  Charged  with  abusing  Serjt  Johnston 
when  he  ordered  him  on  duty ;  prisoner  pleads  Guilty ;  And 
says  it  was  A  private  of  the  Same  Compy  which  he  was  abusing 
&  not  him.  Evidence — Serjt  Johnston  being  duelv  Sworn  de- 
poseth  that  in  the  morning  as  usual  he  went  to  turn  out  the 
men  for  Picquett  of  Capt.  Moores  Compy  at  which  time  the 
prisoner  was  Sitting  at  A  fire  at  his  tent  doore,  he  asked  the 
prisoner  why  he  did  not  repair  to  the  parade,  and  if  he  did  not 
hear  the  Serjt  Majr  calling  for  the  Picquett,  that  the  Prisoner 
made  no  answer  to  this,  that  he  called  him  again  &  Asked  him 
why  he  did  not  come  along  to  which  he  Replied  as  the  Serjt 
pass'd  him,  Go  along  you  yellow  Son  of  A  Bitch ;  The  Court 
asked  the  deponent  if  he  firmly  believed  that  the  prisoner  in- 
tended the  Abuse  for  him ;  Answr — He  is  not  Certain,  but  un- 
derstood it  so  at  that  time  Evidence — Benjamin  Modey  Pri- 
vate of  Capt.  Moores  Compy  being  duely  Sworn  Deposeth  that 
he  heard  the  Prisoner  &  Wm  Ploughman  of  Sd  Compy  dis- 
puting &  that  the  prisoner  repeated  the  words,  Yellow  Son  of 
A   Bitch   but  does  not  know  whether   he   intended   it  for   the 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRKWOOD  261 

Serjt  or  Plowman;  The  Court  having  duely  Considred  the 
Crime  &  evidence  &  are  of  opinion  that  the  abuse  was  meant  for 
Ploughman  &  not  for  Serjt  Johnston,  &  are  farther  of  opinion 
that  he  is  Guilty  of  A  Breach  of  the  1st  Article  of  ye  7th  Sect, 
of  War,  &  do  Sentence  him  Agreeable  to  Sd  Article  to  ask 
pardon  of  the  party  offended  in  presence  of  his  Commanding 
Officer.  Cornelius  M  Glaughlen  of  Capt.  Learmonth's  Compy 
brought  before  the  Court,  Charged  with  Neglect  of  duty  & 
drunkeness;  Pleads  not  Guilty,  but  says  he  was  A  little  Groggy 
but  not  so  as  to  Render  him  unfit  for  duty;  Evidence — Capt. 
Hugh  Kirkpatrick  waggon  Master  being  duely  Sworn  De- 
poseth  that  he  ordered  the  Prisoner  to  go  for  his  Waggon 
which  was  at  the  Wheel-Wrights  to  be  mended,  but  found  him 
So  drunk  that  he  was  uncapable  of  doing  it;  Ques. — Did  he 
Refuse  to  obey  your  orders,  Answr — No  but  I  Judged  it  would 
be  unsafe  to  Send  him  in  the  Situation  he  appeared  to  be  in,  & 
farther  Says  he  had  no  further  Complaint  against  him  Since 
he  has  been  under  his  Care  but  that  of  Drunkeness. 

The  Court  having  duely  Considered  the  Crime  &  Evidence 
are  of  opinion  he  is  Guilty  of  A  Breach  of  the  5th  Article  of 
the  17th  Section  of  War,  &  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  39 
Lashes  on  his  bare  back  well  laid  on  the  Court  from  the  Age 
of  the  Prisoner  &  at  the  Request  of  the  Waggon  Master  Rec- 
ommend him  to  mercy — 

Jno.  Patten 

President 

The  within  Sentence's  approved  &  Cornelius  M  Laughlen 
being  Recommended  to  mercy  by  the  members  of  the  Court  is 
pardoned. 

David  Hall 
Col.  Delaware  Regt 


262  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

Decembr  1st.  The  Court  met  according  to  Adjournment 
&  Reasumed  the  tryal  of  Wm.  Peat  when  Ens.  Hosman  took 
the  place  of  Ens.  Berry,  as  member  of  Said  Court; —  The 
Prisoner  being  brought  before  the  Court  pleads  not  Guilty; 
Capt.  James  Moore  being  duely  Sworn  Deposeth  that  after  the 
Prisoner  Returned  from  the  Fort  he  applied  to  the  Paymaster 
for  A  months  pay  but  was  Refused  in  Consequence  of  Capt. 
Moores  requesting  him  not  to  let  him  have  it,  that  the  pris- 
oner then  Came  to  this  Deponent  &  asked  him  in  A  Verry 
.abrupt  manner  if  he  did  not  intend  to  let  him  have  any  more 
money,  upon  which  he  told  him  to  Remember  the  Contract  he 
had  made  with  his  mistress  (To  Wit)  that  half  his  pay  was 
to  be  Stop'd  for  her  use,  &  that  he  had  Received  his  whole 
pay  in  the  Deponents  absence  for  which  Reason  he  Stopp'd  his 
pay  at  present,  that  the  prisoner  in  an  angry  manner  that  if 
that  was  the  Case  he  would  Stay  no  longer  in  the  Company, 
but  would  go  into  the  Artillery  upon  which  the  Deponent 
having  A  Stick  in  his  hand  Said  that  if  he  did  not  go  about 
his  buisness  he  would  beat  him,  &  that  if  he  wanted  to  go  into 
the  artillery  he  would  See  to  the  placing  him  there  (but  in  a 
tone  that  the  prisoner  could  not  understand  for  his  assent) 
that  Some  time  after  the  prisoner  again  mentioned  his  desire 
to  the  Deponent  of  going  into  the  Artillery  upon  which  he 
told  the  prisoner  that  he  must  be  Sensible  he  had  used  him 
Verry  ill,  upon  which  the  prisoner  told  him  he  had  not  before 
Rightly  understood  how  much  of  his  pay  was  to  be  Stopp'd 
that  the  Deponent  then  told  him,  that  if  he  went  to  the  artil- 
lery he  would  Receive  no  more  of  his  pay  than  if  he  Staid, 
that  it  would  be  Still  in  his  hands  &  that  he  would  Retain  one 
half  for  the  use  of  his  Mistress,  &  farther  told  him  to  be  con- 
tent &  let  him  hear  no  more  of  it,  upon  which  the  prisoner 
went  away  contented  as  this  Deponent  thought,  that  in  a  Day 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  263 

or  two  after  this  Deponent  was  informed,  that  the  Prisoner 
had  taken  all  his  Cloaths  &  gone  to  the  Artillery,  upon  which 
he  Sent  for  him  &  put  him  under  Guard;  Evidence — David 
Miller  Drummer  being  duely  Sworn  Deposeth  that  the  Pris- 
oner came  into  his  tent  &  took  up  his  Kanpsack  with  his 
Cloaths  &  Said  he  would  not  Stay  any  longer  in  the  Com- 
pany, that  he  had  not  been  used  well,  &  would  go  into  the 
Artillery  upon  which  he  went  off. — Evidence — Serjt  Pharis 
being  duely  Sworn,  Deposeth  that  Ens.  Berry  Sent  Serjt  John- 
ston to  look  for  the  Prisoner  &  the  Deponent  went  with  him, 
that  they  found  the  prisoner  with  the  Train  Standing  at  A 
fire,  that  they  ordered  him  back  to  his  Regiment,  that  the 
Prisoner  Refused  &  began  to  abuse  the  Serjt  upon  which  the 
Deponent  Struck  the  prisoner  with  A  Switch  he  had  in  his 
hand,  that  the  prisoner  then  made  an  attempt  to  Seize  a  pole 
at  which  time  the  Serjts  laid  hold  on  him  &  brought  him 
off; —  The  Court  having  duely  Considred  the  Crimes  &  Evi- 
dences are  of  opinion  that  the  Prisoner  is  Guilty  of  A  breach 
of  the  2nd  Article  of  the  6th  Section  &  5th  Article  of  the  18th 
Section  of  War  &  do  Sentence  him  to  Receive  100  Lashes  on 
his  bare  back  with  the  Cat  of  Nine  Tails  well  laid  on. 

John  Patten 

D.  Regt  Presdt 

The  Above  Sentence  is  approved  &  ordered  to  be  put  into 
execution  at  Retreat  Beating.  t       Vaughan 

Majr  D.  Regt 


Head  Qrs  White  March  Decmbr  1st  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Lord  Sterling,   Brigadier  Ervine, 
Field  Officers  Col.  Wilson  &  Lt.  Col.  Stodard;    Brigade  Majr 


264  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

M  Gowen,  Detail  as  yesterday  Mr.  Robt  Duncan  is  ap- 
pointed Paymaster  to  the  4th  North  Carolina  Regt  &  is  to  be 
Respected  as  Such;  A  Genl  Court  Martial  is  to  Sit  to  morrow 
morning  at  the  Tavern  next  to  Col.  Biddies  Quarters  for  the 
tryal  of  all  Such  Prisoners  as  Shall  be  brought  before  them; 
Col.  Ogden  is  appointed  President,  Lt.  Col.  Syms,  Majr  Wal- 
lace, &  Majr  North  1  Capt  from  the  1st  &  2nd  Pennsylvas 
Maxwells,  Conways,  Woodfords,  Scotts,  Poors,  Pattersons  & 
Learnerds  Brigades,  are  to  be  members  of  this  Court;  the 
Officers  are  to  make  out  their  Muster  Rolls  to  the  first  of 
December  immediately,  the  term  of  time  for  which  they  are 
Inlisted  in  every  muster  Roll,  the  Non  effective  are  not  to  be 
inserted  A  Second  time  Officers  must  pay  A  Strict  attention 
to  the  orders,  which  have  been  Issued  respecting  this  part  of 
their  Duty. 

Head  Qrs  White  March  2nd  Decmbr  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  to  morrow  De  Kalb,  Brigadier  Mulenburgh, 
Field  Officers  Col.  Bradford  Majr  Thomas;  Detail  as  yester- 
day: Returns  are  to  be  made  out  early  tomorrow  morning  of 
all  Officers  &  men  in  the  Several  Brigades  &  Corps  who  have 
not  had  the  Small  Pox;  Every  Col.  or  Officers  Commanding 
Regts  or  Corps  to  make  out  A  Return  to  the  Paymaster  Genl 
of  every  Paymaster  that  has  belonged  or  done  duty  as  Such 
in  Regiments,  or  Corps,  the  place  of  their  abode  &  ye  time 
when  they  left  the  Service. 

Advertisement  A  young  likely  Bay  mare,  Some  Cloaths  & 
linnen  the  effects  of  the  late  Lt.  Col.  Smith  will  be  Sold  to 
morrow  morning  at  10  OClock,  in  front  of  Genl  Scotts  Bri- 
gade;— After  Orders  Decmbr  2nd  1777  When  the  alarum  is 
given  by  firing  three  guns,  the  whole  Baggage  &  provisions  of 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRK  WOOD  265 

the  Army,  tents  included  to  be  put  in  Waggons,  &  immediately 
march  the  following  Roads  Viz.  The  right  Wing  of  both 
lines,  by  the  North  Wales  Road  &  the  Road  by  Edgers  mill 
&  proceed  to  the  24  mile  Stone  on  those  Roads,  unless  further 
orders  are  Received  ;  The  left  Wing  by  the  two  Roads  lead- 
ing from  the  left  of  the  army  into  the  old  York  Road,  at  13  & 
15  mile  Stones  untill  further  orders; — Whether  the  alarum  is 
given  or  not,  the  whole  Army  is  to  be  under  Arms  at  daylight, 
when  the  lines  will  be  properly  formed  by  their  Respective 
Majr  Genls. 

Friday  December  5th  Struck  tents  about  4  OClock  this 
morning  &  Sent  the  Baggage  away  March'd  about  8  OClock 
in  the  evening  about  one  mile  to  our  left  &  took  Ground  to 
our  allarum  post  at  the  foot  of  a  hill  opposite  a  paper  mill  & 
lay  under  arms  this  night,  Monday  evening  the  8th  the  Enemy 
retreated  into  Philadelphia,  Thursday  nth  December,  at  4 
OClock  this  morning  Struck  tents  &  March'd  to  Matsons 
Ford  on  Schuylkill  &  there  cross'd  the  Bridge  being  8  miles 
Recross'd  it  again  &  in  the  evening  march'd  about  4  miles  & 
incamp'd  on  a  hill  opposite  to  the  Swedes  ford  in  all  12  miles, 
Friday  12th  March'd  about  sun  set  cross'd  the  Bridge  at  Mat- 
sons  ford  &  encamp'd  on  a  Hill  near  the  Gulph  mill  in  Ches- 
ter County  being  6  miles. 


Head  Qrtr's  Gulph  Mill  December  13th  1777 
General  Orders 

Maj'r  Genl  for  tomorrow  Green,  Field  Officer  Col.  Fibeger 
Majr  Miller  Brigade  Majr  MClare,  The  Officers  without 
delay  are  to  examine  the  Arms  &  Accoutriments  of  their  men 
&  see  that  they  are  put  in  good  order,   Provisions  are  to  be 


266  THE    ORDER   BOOK   OF 

drawn  &  Cook'd  for  tomorrow  &  next  day,  a  Gill  of  Whiskey 
is  to  be  issued  immediately  to  each  Officer  Soldier  &  Wag- 
goner, the  weather  being  likely  to  be  fair  the  tents  are  not  to 
be  pitch'd,  but  the  axes  that  are  in  the  Waggons  to  be  Sent  for 
without  delay  that  the  men  may  make  fires  and  keep  them 
selves  Comfortable  for  the  ensuing  night —  The  Army  is  to 
march  precisely  at  4  OClock  to  morrow  morning,  an  Officer 
from  each  Regt  is  to  be  sent  forth  with  to  the  encampment 
on  the  other  side  Schuylkill  to  Search  that  &  the  Houses  for  all 
Straglers  &  bring  them  into  their  Corps,  all  the  Waggons  not 
yet  over  are  to  be  sent  for  &  got  over  as  soon  as  possible. 

Mr.  Archibald   Read   is  appointed   Pay  Master  to  the  8th 
Pennsylvania  Regt  &  is  to  be  respected  as  such. 


Division  Orders 


The  Officers  who  go  from  the  Division  to  the  old  encamp- 
ment on  the  other  side  Schuylkill  are  to  examine  all  houses 
for  Sick,  &  impress  Waggons  to  Convey  them  to  Reading  Send- 
ing a  Carefull  Officer  with  them. 


Head  Qrtrs  Gulph  Mill  Deer  14th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  to  morrow  Lord  Sterling,  Brigadier  Wood- 
ford, Field  Officers  Col.  Biglow  Brigade  Majr  McClintic, 
Col.  Steward  is  appointed  Field  Officer  of  this  day  in  the  room 
of  Col.  Fibiger  absent:  Details  for  guard  the  same  as  yester- 
day, only  Genl  Weedens,  Learneds,  Nernons  and  Scotts  Bri- 
gade, Give  Capts  in  room  of  those  who  furnished  them  yester- 
day,  the   Guards  parade  at   3   OClock   Delawares  to   furnish 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  267 

1  L,  2  S,  2  C,  24  P  for  Guard,  the  Regts  of  Horse  are  to  draw 
Provisions  from  any  issuing  Commissary  laying  most  Conve- 
nient to  them  upon  proper  return  thereof,  Such  Baggage  as  is 
not  absolutely  Necessary  for  the  troops,  and  all  Commissaries 
&  other  Stores  to  remain  on  this  side  the  Gulph. 


Head  Qrtrs   Gulph   Decembr    15th    1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  to  morrow  Marquis  La  Fait,  Brigadier 
Maxwell,  Field  Officer  Col.  Swift  Lt.  Col.  Wozinbulc  Brigade 
Majr  from  Larnerds  Brigade:  Detail  of  Guards  to  morrow 
morning  at  9  OClock,  the  same  as  this  day,  only  the  1st  & 
2nd  Maryland  Brigades  2d  Pennsylva  &  Maxwills  furnishes 
Capts  instead  of  those  Brigades  which  gave  them  to  day,  A 
field  Officer  of  each  Brigade  to  Inspect  immedietly  all  the  men 
of  this  Brigade  now  with  the  Baggage,  &  take  from  thence 
every  man  who  is  fit  to  duty  in  the  lines;  Majr  Snead  is  until 
further  orders  to  take  Charge  of  the  men  left  for  the  Baggage 
Guard,  &  report  any  left  Contrary  to  orders. 


Head  Qrtrs  Gulph  Decembr  16th  1777 

General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  to  morrow  DeKalb,  Brigadier  Nernom, 
Field  Officers  Col.  Brook  Majr  Gitmore  Brigade  Majr 
McGowen :  In  an  order  the  supplies  of  Clothing  Imported  by 
the  Honble  the  Congress,  they  have  earnestly  recommended  to 
the  several  States  to  exert  their  utmost  indeavours  to  procure 
all  kind  of  Cloathing  for  the  Comfortable  Subsistance  of  the 
Officers  &  Soldiers  of  their  respective  Battalions,  &  to  appoint 
one  or  more  persons  to  dispose  of  Such  Articles  to  Officers  & 


268  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Soldiers  at  Such  reasonable  prices  as  Shall  be  best  by  the  Clo- 
thier Genl  or  his  Deputy  &  be  in  just  proportion  to  the  Wages 
of  the  Officers  &  Soldiers,  Charging  the  Supplies  of  the  Costs 
to  the  United  States  Congress  have  also  resolved  that  all 
Cloathing  hereafter  to  be  Supplied  to  the  Officers  &  Soldiers 
of  the  Contenental  Army  out  of  the  Publick  Stores  of  the 
United  States,  Beyond  the  Bounties  already  granted  shall  be 
charged  at  the  like  prices,  the  supplies  to  be  refunded  by  the 
United  States.  The  tents  to  be  Carried  to  the  Encampment  of 
the  troops  &  pitched  immediately. 


Head  Qrtrs  Gulph  Decembr  17th  1777 
General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  tomorrow  Sullivan,  Brigadier  Huntington, 
Field  Officers  Col.  Chambers  Col.  Carleton,  Brigadier  Majr 
Day.  The  Commander  in  Chief  with  the  highest  Satisfaction 
expresses  his  thanks  to  the  Officers  &  Soldiers  for  the  Forti- 
tude &  patience  which  they  stand  the  fatigue  of  the  Campaign, 
although  in  some  instances  we  have  unfortunately  failed,  yet 
upon  the  whole  Heaven  has  Smiled  upon  our  Arms  &  Crown'd 
them  with  Signal  Success,  &  we  may  upon  the  best  ground 
conclude  that  by  a  Spirited  Continuance  of  the  means  Neces- 
sary for  our  Defence,  we  shall  finally  gain  the  end  of  the 
Warfare  Independent  Liberty  &  peace,  these  are  blessings 
worth  Contending  for  at  every  Hazard,  but  we  Hazard  noth- 
ing to  power  of  America  alone,  duely  exerted  would  have  noth- 
ing to  fear  from  the  force  of  Great  Brittan,  yet  we  Stand  not 
alone  on  our  own  Ground,  France  yields  us  every  aid  we  ask 
&  there  reasons  to  believe  the  period  is  not  verry  far  distant 
when  she  will  take  A  more  Active  part  by  declaring  War 
against  the  British  Crown,  every  motive  therefore  immediately 


CAPT.    ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  269 

obliges  may  command  us  to  affirm  a  manly  perseverence  in  our 
opposition  to  our  Cruel  oppressors  to  slight  difficulties  indure 
hardships  &  contemn  every  danger.  The  Genl  ardently  wishes 
it  was  in  his  power  to  conduct  the  troops  into  the  best  Winter 
Quarters  but  Where  are  they  to  be  found  Should  we  retire 
into  the  Interior  parts  of  the  States  we  Should  find  them 
Crowded  with  Virtious  Citizens  who  Sacrifised  their  all  left 
Philada  &  fled  there  for  protection  to  their  Distress  humanity 
forbids  us  not  to  add ;  this  is  not  all,  we  Should  have  vast 
extent  of  fertile  Country  to  be  Spoiled  &  ravaged  by  the 
Enemy,  from  which  they  would  draw  large  supplies,  &  where 
many  of  our  friends  would  be  exposed  to  all  the  miseries  of 
insulting  &  wanton  depredations,  a  train  of  evils  might  be 
enumerated  but  these  will  Suffice,  the  Consideration  will  make 
it,  indispensably  necessary  for  the  Army  to  take  Such  position 
as  will  enable  most  effectually  to  prevent  distress  &  to  give 
the  most  extensive  security,  &  an  inposition  we  must  make  our 
Selves  the  Best  Shelter  in  our  power  with  Activity  &  diligence 
huts  may  be  errected  that  may  be  warm  &  dry.  In  these  the 
troops  will  be  Compleat  &  more  Secure  against  Surprise  then 
if  in  Divided  States  and  at  hand  to  protect  the  Country  these 
Cogent  Reasons  has  determined  the  General  to  take  post  in 
the  neighborhood  of  this  Camp,  &  influenced  by  them  he  per- 
suades himself,  that  the  Officers,  &  Soldiers  with  one  heart  & 
with  one  mind  will  resolve  to  remount  every  difficulty  with  a 
fortitude  &  patience  becoming  their  profession,  &  the  Sacred 
cause  in  which  they  are  engaged  he  himself  will  pertake  of  the 
hardships  &  likewise  of  every  inconveniency.  To  morrow  being 
the  day  set  apart  by  the  Honble  Congress  to  publick  Thanks- 
giving &  praise,  duty  calls  us  devoutly  to  express  our  gratefull 
acknowledgments  to  God  for  the  manifold  Blessings  he  has 
granted  us,  the  Genl  directs  that  the  Army  remain  in  its  pres- 


27o  THE    ORDER    BOOK    OF 

ent  Qrtrs  that  the  Chaplains  preform  Divine  Service  &  ear- 
nestly excites  all  Officers  &  Soldiers,  whose  absence  is  not 
indispensably  necessary,  to  attend  with  reverence  the  Solemnity 
of  the  Day. 


Head  Qrtrs  Gulph  Deer  18th  1777. 

General  Orders 

Majr  Genl  for  to  morrow  Green,  Brigadier  Smallwood, 
Field  Officers  Lt.  Col.  Carson  Lt.  Col.  Sproat  Brigade  Majr 
Hitchcock.  Persons  having  passes  from  Majr  Jno.  Clark  are 
to  pass  all  Guards  the  Commander  in  Chief  approves  the  fol- 
lowing Sentences  of  A  Genl  Court  Martial  held  the  22nd 
Octbr  last,  where  of  Majr  North  was  President  Viz.  Adju- 
tant Walston  of  the  1st  Pennsilva.  Brigade  charg'd  with  mak- 
ing a  false  return  &  Signing  it,  &  with  ungentelman  like  beha- 
vour,  Disobedience  of  orders,  &  leaving  his  Arrest;  by  the 
Unanimous  opinion  of  the  Court  was  found  guilty  of  making 
a  False  return,  contrary  to  the  first  Article  of  the  5th  Section 
of  War  &  Sentenc'd  to  be  Cashier'd,  Jos.  Cann  Qr  Mastr  of 
ye  1st  Pennsylva.  Regt  charg'd  with  disobedience  of  orders,  & 
neglect  of  duty,  &  fraudulent  Conduct  was  acquitted  of  the 
Charge  of  Fradulent  Conduct,  but  found  guilty  of  Disobedienc 
of  orders  &  Neglect  of  Duty,  &  Sentenc'd  to  be  discharged  the 
Service — The  Majr  Genls  &  Officers  Commanding  Divisions 
are  to  appoint  an  Field  Officer  in  &  for  each  of  their  respective 
Brigades,  to  Superintend  the  Business  of  Hutting  agreeable  to 
the  Directions  they  shall  Receive,  and  in  addition  to  these 
Command'g  Officers  of  Regts  is  to  appoint  an  officer  of  each 
Regt  which  Officer  is  to  take  his  orders  from  the  Field  Officer 
of  the  Brigade  he  belongs  to,  who  is  to  mark  out  the  respective 
Spots,  that  every  Hutt  for  Officers  &  Soldiers  is  to  be  plac'd, 


CAPT.    ROBERT    KIRKWOOD  271 

as  that  uniform  may  be  observ'd ;  an  exact  return  of  all  Tools 
in  the  hands  of  every  Regt  is  to  be  made  immediately  to  the 
Qr.M.  Genl  who  with  the  Adjt  Genl  is  to  see  that  they  are 
to  gether  with  those  in  Store  duty  Justly  allow'd  to  Regimental 
Officers  of  the  Work,  Who  are  to  keep  an  exact  account  of  the 
mens  names  into  whose  hands  they  are  Plac'd  that  they  may 
be  accountable  for  them,  Superintendents  and  overseers  will  be 
exempted  from  all  other  duties  &  will  moreover  be  allow'd  for 
their  trouble,  the  Col.  or  Commandts  of  Regts  with  their  Capts 
are  immediately  to  Cause  their  men  to  be  divided  into  Squads 
of  12  men,  &  see  that  each  Squad  has  their  proportions  of  tools, 
&  set  about  A  hut  for  themselves,  &  as  encouragment  to  indus- 
try &  art  the  Genl  promises  to  Reward  the  party  in  each  Regt 
which  furnishes  their  hutt  in  the  Quickest  &  most  workman 
like  with  12  Dollars,  and  there  is  Reason  to  believe  that  boards 
for  Covering  may  be  found  Scarse  &  difficult  to  be  had,  he 
Offers  100  Dollars  to  either  Officer  or  Soldier  who  in  the 
opinion  of  three  Gentlemen  he  shall  appoint,  as  Judges,  shall 
Substitute  Covering  that  may  be  Cheaper  &  Quicker  made  & 
will  in  every  respect  answer  the  end ;  Plan  for  the  Construc- 
tion of  Hutts  dimensions  14  by  16  Foot  Sides  Ends  &  Roof 
made  of  Logs,  the  Roof  made  light  with  Split  Slabs,  the  Sides 
made  tight  with  Clay ;  the  fire  places  made  of  wood  &  Secured 
with  Clay  in  the  Inside  18  Inches  thick,  this  fire  place  to  be 
in  the  rear  of  the  hutt,  the  door  to  be  in  the  end  next  the  Sreet 
— the  door  to  be  made  of  oak  Split  Slabs  unless  boards  Can  be 
procured,  Side  Walls  6*/2  feet  high,  the  Officers  Hutts  to  form 
a  line  in  rear  of  the  Whole ;  One  hut  to  be  allow'd  each  Genl 
Officer,  one  to  the  Staff  of  each  Division,  one  to  the  Staff  of 
each  Brigade  one  to  the  Field  of  each  Regt  one  to  the  Staff  of 
each  Regt,  one  for  the  Commsn'd  Officers  of  two  Companies, 
&  one  to  every  12  men  non  Commiss'd  Officers  &  Soldiers. 


272  THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 

Saturday  20th  Decmbr.  This  morning  at  4  OClock  our 
Division  march'd  under  the  Command  of  Brigadier  Genl 
Smallwood  to  Dilworth  town  in  Chester  County  being  25 
Miles. 


Dilworth  Town  Deer  20th   1777 
Division  Orders 

The  Commissaries  to  furnish  one  days  provisions  to  the 
Division  immediately,  &  to  provide  another  days  for  tomorrow 
at  Such  place  &  time  as  will  be  pointed  out  to  them  in  the 
morning,  they  will  also  provide  Liquor  for  the  troops,  the 
alarm  post  to  be  in  line  of  the  Camp  fires,  the  troops  to  march 
at  4  OClock  precisely,  5th  Maryland  Regt.  Such  as  are  in 
uniform  to  Compose  the  advance  Guard,  follow'd  by  the  Artil- 
lery &  the  Main  body,  the  rear  Guard  to  be  taken  from  4th 
May.  Regt  &  D.  R  50  men  from  each  Regt  1  Capt.  2  Subs. 
Serjts  &  Corpls. 


Monday  21st.  March'd  this  morning  to  Wilmington  Del- 
aware State  and  there  took  up  our  Quarters  (I  hope  for  this 
Winter)  being  12  miles. 


Wilmington  Delaware  State  Decmbr  21st   1777. 
Division  Orders  by  Genl  Smallwood. 

The  Commissaries  to  Supply  the  troops  with  one  days  pro- 
vision immdeiately,  &  one  Gill  of  rum  pr  man,  &  provide  Whis- 
key to  serve  one  Gill  pr  man  tomorrow  morning  and  one  days 
provision  only,  &  to  provide  Stores  of  every  kind  Necessary  in 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRK  WOOD  273 

their  department  without  delay  to  support  the  troops  in  the 
most  Comfortable  manner,  the  forrage  masters  Likewise  to 
provide  Forrage  for  the  present,  &  endeavour  by  every  means 
in  his  power  to  lay  in  the  Supplies  Necessary,  the  Regimental 
Qr  Masters  are  immdeiately  to  procure  all  the  Pick  Axes, 
Spades  &  Shovels  in  the  town  for  fatigue  duty;  Picquett  2  C, 
4  L,  8  S,  8  C,  100  P  with  Intrenching  tools  to  parade  at  the 
Bridge  properly  Officer'd  for  fatigue  duty,  the  Officers  will 
prevent  their  men  from  Injuring  or  disturbing  the  Inhabitants 
Regimental  Qr  Masters  to  provide  wood  for  the  Barracks,  A 
Field  Officer  from  each  Regt  to  report  Such  Houses  as  are 
proper  for  Barracks  by  5  OClock. 

Two  Field  Officers  for  Picquett  to  attend  at  4  OClock. 


274 


THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 


Marches  made  by  the  Delaware  Regt. 
this  Campaign  From  May  17th  to  De- 
cembr.  21st,  being  the  time  we  came 
into  Winter  Quarters 


ex  w 
p   a   in 

O  J3    i> 

H      cfl 


1777 

May 

17th  &i8th. 

19th. 

June 

13  th. 

O 

C 

c 
0 

Exact  dates  of 
these  Marches 

July 

14th  &i5th. 

1 6th. 

From  Philadelphia  to  Trenton 
From  Trenton  to  Princetown   . 


From  Princetown  to  Rockey  hill   

From  Rockey  hill  to  Corryells  Ferry  on  the 

Delaware   River    

From  Corryells  ferry  to  Flemington    

From  Flemington  to  Sowerlands  Mountain. 

From  Sowerland  Mountain  to  Rocky  Hill.. 

From  Rocky  hill  to  Brunswick    .  . 

From  Brunswick  to  Sampton   .... 

From  Sampton   to   Lincoln    Hill    . 

From  Lincoln   hill   to    Morristown 

From  Morristown  to   Pumpton    .  . 

From  Pumpton  to  Ramapaugh  Clove  A  r* 


c 

"°    ^ 

a;     3 

C 

£      C3 

c 


From  Ramapaugh  Clove  to  New  Windsor 
North   River    

From  New  Windsor  to  New  borough, 
Higher  up  the  river  and  opposite  Fish  kill 
landing 

From  New  Borough  Cross'd  the  North  River 
being  twro  miles  to  Fish  Kills  Landing,  then 
march'd  to  Fish  kill  Town  which  is  5  Miles 
from  the  Landing 


Jersey 


New  York 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


275 


July 

2 1  St. 
22d. 

23d. 

26. 
27. 

28. 
29. 
30. 

31. 

Augst. 

1  St. 

2nd. 

3- 

4- 
2 1  St. 
22. 


23- 

24. 

25. 
26. 
28. 
29. 


«Q 


From  Fishkill  to   Peekskill    

From   Peekskill  on  the  North  Castle 
Road    

From  thence  to  Cortlands  Mannor.  . 

From  Cortlands  Manor  to  Kings  Ferry 

From  Cross'd  the  North  River  to  Hav- 

erstraw  ferry  &  March'd  one  mile 

From  thence  to   Cackyatt    S 

o 
From  thence  to  Perramus U 

From  thence  down  the  Psaic  River  3  Miles 

below  Acquackanack  Bridge    

From  thence  to  Springfield   


— 
C 


C 
u 

o 

u 

-3 

bJD 


From  thence  to  Quible  Town    

From  thence  to  Bond  Brook 

From  Bond  Brook  to  Vealtown 

From  Veal  town  to  Hannover   

From  Hannover  to  Elizabeth  town  Point... 

From  Elizabethtown  point  Cross'd  the  Rar- 
ington  River  on  to  Staten  Island 

Recrossed  the  River  &  came  to  Spank- 
town. 

From  Spank  town  to  Springfield    . 

From  Springfield  to  Spicatua   ^  J? 

From  Spicatua  Brunswick es  -^ 

.  g    j- 

From  Brunswick  to  Princetown g    £ 

From  Princetown   to  Trenton    U  O 

From  Trenton    Cross'd    the    river   Delaware 

to  Bristol 


c 


Jersey 


s 

M 

- 

O 

4 

C/J 

c/5 

— 

b£ 

c 

H 

0 

c 

4J 

2 

9 

13 

20 

13 

15 
8 

15 
10 
22 

30 


12 

H 

5 

15 
12 


Pennsulv.      IO 


477 


276 


THE    ORDER   BOOK    OF 


X! 

tuo_ 

S    «» 

S    (4    01 

j3  13 

o  ,a  D 

Jo  *  « 

SS 

3 

H      £ 

fc'B 

1777 
Augst. 
30th. 
3  ist. 
Septr. 

ist. 

2nd. 

9th. 
II 
12 
13 
14 

15 
16 

17 

18 
19 

21 
22 
26 
29. 

Octbr. 
2nd. 
3- 
4- 
5- 
16. 


Brought  over 


From  Bristol  to  Philadelphia  .  . . 
From  Philada  Cross'd  Schuylkill 


From  Schuylkill  to  Chester 

From  Chester  to  Wilmington   

From  thence  to  Chadds  Ford 

From  Do  to  Chester 

From  Do  to  Schuylkill 

From  Do  to  Germantown 

From  Do  to  the  Sign  of  the  Buck  on  ye  Lan- 

chester  Road    

From  Do  On  the  Same  Road Do 

From  Do  to  Yellow  Springs 

From    Do    About    3    Miles    beyond    French 

Creek    Bridge    

From  thence  to  Reading  Furnace 

From  Do  to  Richardson's  ford   

From  Do  to  the  banks  of  the  Schuylkill 

From  Do  to  Faulkners  Swamp 

From  Do  to  Parkaoming  Creek 

From  Do  to  the  Skippack  Road 


From  Do  3  miles  lower  down  S'd  Road 

From  Do  to  Germantown 

From  Do  Back  to  our  last  encampment 

From  Do  Parkaoming  Creek 

From  Do  to  the  Skippack  where  we  was  en- 
camp'd  3  days 


Pennsulv. 


Del.  State 


Pennsl. 


CAPT.   ROBERT   KIRKWOOD 


277 


A 

tr 

M_ 

5  Ji 

•°  ~ 

9  43  Jj 

£^ 

J;    &    at 

3 

H        C/5 

£"o 

Octbr. 
20. 

Novr. 
2nd. 
Deer. 
11. 

12. 

20. 
21. 


From  Do  on  Said  Road  within  15  Miles  of 
Philada 


From  Do  to  White  Marsh 


From  Do  to  Mattsons  ford  then  to  Swedes 
ford 


From  Do  Cross'd  Schuylkill  to  the  Gulph 
Mill   

From  Do  to  Dilworths  town 

From  Do  to  Wilmington  to  Winter  Quarters 
Under  the  Command  of  Brigadr  Genl 
Smallwood   


Total , 


13 

6 
25 

12 


796 


The  Scouts  &  Marches  made  at  Different 
times  to  the  Enemies  lines  &  Returning 
again  are  not  included ;  this  is  only  the  dif- 
ferent places  we  have  Encamp'd  in. 

By  Robt  Kirkwood 

Capt  D.  R 


T 


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